タグ「Absorbed dose」
Title: Estimation of absorbed dose in thyroid gland of Bryansk, Tula, Oryol regions based on Radiometry in 1986 year
Author: Zvonova I.A., Balonov M.I., Bratilova A.A., Baleva G.E., Gridasova S.A., Mitrohin M.A., Sazhneva V.P.
Reference: Radiation and Lisk 1997 No.10
Keywords: absorbed dose, Bryansk, Tula, Oryol
Abstract: Equipment and methods, used for measurements of 131I in thyroid among inhabitants in three regions of the Russian Federation – Bryansk, Tula, Orel, which were most heavy contaminated with radioactive fall-out after the Chernobyl accident, are described in the article. Techniques of estimation 131I activity and dose in thyroid based on measurements are presented. A model of 131I intake in human body is proposed which takes into account applied protective measures and an algorithm for calculating thyroid dose is described. Examples of performed measurements, calculated 131I activity and estimated doses in thyroids in some contaminated areas of Russia are presented. An average thyroid dose in children who lived in the villages was by 2-5 times and in towns by 1.5-12 times higher than that in adults. The mean mass of thyroid glands in adult inhabitants in the Bryansk region was estimated as 27 g, which exceeds the value for a standard man (20 g). This fact was taken into account in the dosimetric calculation.
URL: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/otsenka-pogloschennoy-dozy-v-schitovidnoy-zheleze-zhiteley-bryanskoy-tulskoy-orlovskoy-oblastey-po-rezultatam-radiometrii-v-1986-godu
Author: McGale P., Darby S.C.
Reference: Radiat. Res. — 2005. — Vol. 163, № 3. — P. 247–257.
Keywords: circulatory system, atomic bomb survivors
Abstract: Recent analyses of mortality among atomic bomb survivors have suggested a linear dose–response relationship between ionizing radiation and diseases of the circulatory system for exposures in the range 0–4 Sv. If confirmed, this has substantial implications. We have therefore reviewed the published literature to see if other epidemiological data support this finding. Other studies allowing a comparison of the rates of circulatory disease in individuals drawn from the same population but exposed to ionizing radiation at different levels within the range 0–5 Gy or 0–5 Sv were identified through systematic literature searches. Twenty-six studies were identified. In some, disease rates among those exposed at different levels may have differed for reasons unrelated to radiation exposure, while many had low power to detect effects of the relevant magnitude. Among the remainder, one study found appreciable evidence that exposure to low-dose radiation was associated with circulatory diseases, but five others, all with appreciable power, did not. We conclude that the other epidemiological data do not at present provide clear evidence of a risk of circulatory diseases at doses of ionizing radiation in the range 0–4 Sv, as suggested by the atomic bomb survivors. Further evidence is needed to characterize the possible risk.
URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1667/RR3314
Title: Short Lived Isotopes of Iodine (131-135 I) in Case of Ration Accident: Features of Accumulation and Distribution of Absorbed Doses and Biological Effects in Thyroid
Author: Lyaginskaja A.M., Osipov V.A.
Reference: Journal «МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ РАДИОЛОГИЯ И РАДИАЦИОННАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ» vol.50 No.2 2005
ISSN: 0025-8334
Keywords: IODINE ISOTOPES (132- 135I ), RADIATION ACCIDENT, INHALATION, THYROID, ABSORBED DOZE, IODINE DEFICIENCY
Abstract: Purpose: The assessment of peculiarities of accumulation and distribution of 132- 135I absorbed doses in thyroid and their biological danger in case of radiation accident. Results: In case of radiation accident, the initial radiation danger is determined by iodine isotopes of 132- 135I inhaled as agaseous aerosol mixture. Inhalation intake of iodine radioisotopes is most dangerous for newborn and children below 1 year age, because of the differences in the breath rate and thyroid weight. High energy beta radiation emitted by 132- 135I isotopes in thyroid is absorbed more homogeneously if compared to 131I beta radiation, which results to the irradiation of both follicles and parenchyma tissue, blood vessels and neural terminals and causes the development of both stochastic and deterministic effects. The biological efficiency of inhaled short lived 132- 135I isotopes is approximately 10 times higher, than 131I efficiency and is comparable or even higher than the biological efficiency of the external gamma radiation.
URL: http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=9131592
