カテゴリー「ecology・environment」
- Title: The transfer of 137Cs and 90Sr to dairy cattle fed fresh herbage collected 3.5 km from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant
Author: Beresford, N.A. / Gashchak, S. / Lasarev, N / Arkhipov, A. / Chyorny, Y. / Astasheva, N. / Arkhipov, N. / (…) / Burov, N.
Reference: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 47 (2), p.157-170, Jan 2000
doi: 10.1016/S0265-931X(99)00037-5
Keywords: Milk; Cattle; Radiocaesium; Radiostrontium; Bioavailability; Chernobyl exclusion zone
Abstract: A study conducted during summer 1993 to determine the bioavailability and transfer of 137Cs and 90Sr to dairy cattle from herbage collected from a pasture contaminated by particulate fallout is described. The study pasture was located 3.5 km from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. The true absorption coefficient (At) determined for 137Cs (0.23) was considerably lower than previous estimates for radiocaesium incorporated into vegetation by root uptake.
URL:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265931X99000375
- Title: Chernobyl & the marine environment: The radiological impact in context
Author: Pavel Povinec, Scott Fowler, and Murdoch Baxter
Reference: IAEA BULLETIN, 1/1996
doi:
Keywords:
Abstract: …and Murdoch Baxter I he Chernobyl nuclear accident in April…seas most affected by the Chernobyl accident. In all these latter…IAEA-MEL tracer studies The Chernobyl accident, perhaps surpris…Fowler, Head of the Radio- ecology Section and Mr Povinec, Head…
URL: http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Magazines/Bulletin/Bull381/38106081822.pdf
- Title: GIS-based methodology for Chernobyl contaminated land management through biomass conversion into energy—a case study for Polessie, Ukraine
Author: Goor, F. / Davydchuk, V. / Vandenhove, H.
Reference: Biomass and Bioenergy, 25 (4), p.409-421, Oct 2003
doi: 10.1016/S0961-9534(03)00034-5
Keywords: Chernobyl; Radiocaesium; Biomass; Renewable energy; Short rotation coppice; Geographic information system (GIS)
Abstract: The district of Polessie was chosen to illustrate a methodology aiming to assess the type, extent and distribution of the existing and potential biomass resources in the rural areas contaminated by Chernobyl fallout in Ukraine. Three biomass systems were envisaged: forestry, short rotation coppice (SRC) and perennial grasses.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0961953403000345
- Title: Predicting radionuclide transfer to wild animals: an application of a proposed environmental impact assessment framework to the Chernobyl exclusion zone.
Author: Beresford, Nicholas A / Wright, Simon M / Barnett, Catherine L / Wood, Michael D / Gaschak, Sergey / Arkhipov, Andrey / Sazykina, Tatiana G / Howard, Brenda J
Reference: Radiation and environmental biophysics, 44 (3), p.161-168, Dec 2005
doi:
Keywords:
Abstract: A number of assessment frameworks have been proposed to provide a mechanism to demonstrate protection of the environment from ionising radiation. Whilst some of these are being used for assessment purposes they have largely not been validated against field measurements.
URL: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00411-005-0018-z
- Title: “Blind” testing of models for predicting the 90Sr activity concentration in river systems using post-Chernobyl monitoring data
Author: Sasina, N. V.; Smith, J. T.; Kudelsky, A. V.; Wright, S. M.
Reference: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 92 (2). 63-71.
doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2006.09.007
Keywords: 90Sr, Model, Chernobyl, River, Pripyat, Weapons testing, Catchment, Runoff
Abstract: Two different models for predicting the time-dependent mobility of 90Sr in river systems have been evaluated using post-Chernobyl monitoring data for five large Belarusian rivers (Dnieper, Pripyat, Sozh, Besed and Iput) in the period between 1990 and 2004. The results of model predictions are shown to be in good agreement (within a factor of 5) with the measurements of 90Sr activity concentration in river waters over a long period of time after the accident.
URL: http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/606/
- Title: Amount of 137Cs and 134Cs radionuclides in the Black Sea produced by the Chernobyl accident
Author: Eremeev, V.N. / Ivanov, L.M. / Kirwan, A.D., Jr / Margolina, T.M.
Reference: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 27 (1), p.49-63, Jan 1995
doi: 10.1016/0265-931X(94)00032-R
Keywords:
Abstract: Revised estimates of the amount of the nuclides 137Cs and 134Cs in the Black Sea resulting from the Chernobyl accident are reported. These results are at some variance with those reported by Chudinovskikh and Eremeev (Practical Ecology of Black Sea Areas, Naukova dumka, Kiev, 1990, pp. 46–56) and Nikitin et al. (Atomic Energy, 65 (1988) 134-7). The analysis here employs a spectral method whereas these other studies utilized less accurate methods. The study illustrates that the choice of numerical techniques for assimilating in-situ data into a model is important.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0265931X9400032R
- Title: Bioindication-based comparison of anthropogenic pollution near a radioactive-waste processing facility and in the 30-km control area of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant
Author: Geras’kin, S. A. / Zimina, L. M. / Dikarev, V. G. / Dikareva, N. S. / Zimin, V. L. / Vasil’ev, D. V. / Blinova, L. D. / (…) / Nesterov, E. B.
Reference: Russian Journal of Ecology, 31 (4), p.274-277, Jul 2000
doi: 10.1007/BF02764060
Keywords: radioactive and chemical pollutants, ionizing radiation, biological test systems, chromosome aberrations, Pinus sylvestris
Abstract:
URL: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF02764060
- Title: Radiation-induced effects on plants and animals: findings of the United Nations Chernobyl Forum.
Author: Hinton, Thomas G / Alexakhin, Rudolph / Balonov, Mikhail / Gentner, Norman / Hendry, Jolyn / Prister, Boris / Strand, Per / Woodhead, Dennis
Reference: Health physics, 93 (5), p.427-440, Nov 2007
doi:
Keywords:
Abstract: Several United Nations organizations sought to dispel the uncertainties and controversy that still exist concerning the effects of the Chernobyl accident. A Chernobyl Forum of international expertise was established to reach consensus on the environmental consequences and health effects attributable to radiation exposure arising from the accident. This review is a synopsis of the subgroup that examined the radiological effects to nonhuman biota within the 30-km Exclusion Zone.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18049219?dopt=Abstract
- Title: Estimating the exposure of small mammals at three sites within the Chernobyl exclusion zone – a test application of the ERICA Tool
Author: Beresford, N.A. / Gaschak, S. / Barnett, C.L. / Howard, B.J. / Chizhevsky, I. / Strømman, G. / Oughton, D.H. / (…) / Copplestone, D.
Reference: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 99 (9), p.1496-1502, Sep 2008
doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2008.03.002
Keywords:Thermoluminescent dosimeter; External dose rate; ERICA; Plutonium; Caesium; Strontium; Small mammals; Chernobyl
Abstract: An essential step in the development of any modelling tool is the validation of its predictions. This paper describes a study conducted within the Chernobyl exclusion zone to acquire data to conduct an independent test of the predictions of the ERICA Tool which is designed for use in assessments of radiological risk to the environment.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265931X08000477
- Title: Chernobyl wastelands to be ‘greened’ by biofuels
Author: Pearce, Fred
Reference: New Scientist, 202 (2714), p.14, Jun 2009
doi: 10.1016/S0262-4079(09)61687-0
Keywords:
Abstract: Contaminated lands, not fit for growing crops, could be cleaned up by growing biofuels – but questions remain over radioactive waste disposal
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407909616870
