タグ「neurological disease」
Author: M.G. Bolotnikova, N.A. Koshurnikova, N.S. Komlevaet al.
Reference: Sci. Total. Environ. — 1994. — 142: — 29–31.
Keywords: cardiovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease
Abstract: An epidemiologic retrospective study was conducted on the basis of a personnel registry, including 9373 male workers who had started to work at the radiochemical plant during the period from 1948 to 1972, inclusive. Male mortality from cardiovascular disease proved to be 271.1 cases in 100,000 persons/year on average. The age-standardized mortality amounted to 502.5 cases in 100,000 persons/year, which is significantly lower than that of the entire male population. Regarding the structure of mortality from cardiovascular diseases in the studied male groups, the mortality rate from ischemic heart disease (IHD) was 63.7% and that from cerebrovascular disease 21.5%, compared with 57% and 30%, respectively, for the general male population. Mortality from cardiovascular diseases is lower in the study groups than in the general public and does not depend on the external gamma-irradiation dose.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8178133
Author: Manton K.G., Volovik S., Kulminski A.
Reference: Curr Alzheimer Res. — 2004. — Vol. 1, № 4. — 277–293.
Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, CNS, ROS, Hiroshima, Nagasaki, Chernobyl, Ionizing radiation, ambiphilic, mitochondria, radionuclides, neurons, astrocytes, microglia
Abstract: Neurodegenerative processes associated with Alzheimer’s disease are complex and involve many CNS tissue types, structures and biochemical processes. Factors believed involved in these processes are generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), associated inflammatory responses, and the bio-molecular and genetic damage they produce. Since oxidative processes are essential to energy production, and to other biological functions, such as cell signaling, the process is not one of risk exposure, as for cigarettes and cancer, but one where normal physiological processes operate out of normal ranges and without adequate control. Thus, it is necessary to study the ambiphilicity that allows the same molecule (e.g., beta amyloid) to behave in contradictory ways depending upon the physiological microenvironment. To determine ways to study this in human populations we review evidence on the effects of an exogenous generator of ROS, ionizing radiation, in major population events with radionuclides (e.g., Hiroshima and Nagasaki; Chernobyl Reactor accident; environmental contamination in Chelyabinsk (South Urals) where plutonium was produced, and in the nuclear weapons test area in Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan). The age evolution, and traits, of neurodegenerative processes in human populations in these areas, may help us understand how IR affects the CNS. After reviewing human population evidence, we propose a model of neurodegeneration based upon the complexity of CNS functions.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15975057
Author: Loganovsky KN, Loganovskaja TK, Nechayev SY, Antipchuk YY, Bomko MA.
Reference: J. Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2008, 20 (3): 274–291.
Keywords:EEG patterns, children, mothers, WISC
Abstract: One hundred children, exposed prenatally to radiation after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident, and 50 non-exposed classmates were examined between the ages of 11 and 13 years old using neuropsychiatric tests, WISC, EEG, and visual evoked potentials. Individual prenatal radiation doses were reconstructed for all examined children. The exposed children were found to have more neuropsychiatric disorders, left-brain neurological signs, lower full-scale and verbal IQ, IQ discrepancies with verbal decrement, disorganized EEG patterns, an excess of lateralized-to-left frontotemporal region delta and beta power with depression of theta and alpha power, and interhemispheric inversion visual information processing. Mothers’ mental health, stress, and prenatal irradiation contributed to these effects, along with several confounding factors. (full text in English available on web.)
URL: http://neuro.psychiatryonline.org/article.aspx?articleID=103418
Author: Loganovsky K., Antypchuk K., Kreinis G. et al.
Reference: 8th International LOWRAD Conference «The Effects of Low Doses and Very Low Doses of Ionizing Radiation on Human Health and Biotopes», 28–30 September 2009, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. — P. 99.
URL: http://www.deepdyve.com/lp/elsevier/postradiation-cognitive-disorders-it6c4vl7R7/1
Author: D.A. Bazyka, S.V. Volovik, K.G. Manton et al.
Reference: International Journal of Psychophysiology. — 2004. — Vol. 54, № 1–2. — P. 118–119.
Author: A.I. Nyagu, K.N. Loganovsky, R. Pott-Born et al.
Reference: International Journal of Radiation Medicine. — 2004. — Vol. 6, № 1–4. — P. 91–107.
Keywords: Chernobyl accident, brain damage in utero, dosimetry, psychometry, neuropsychiatric and psychological disorders.
Abstract: One of the grave consequences of the Chernobyl accident was the in utero irradiation of children. It was therefore important to study possible effects of prenatal irradiation resulted from the Chernobyl accident on neuromental health of the in utero irradiated children. A cohort of 154 children born between April 26th,1986 and February 26th,1987 to mothers who had been evacuated from Prypiat to Kiev,and 143 classmates from Kiev were examined. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC),the Achenbach and Rutter A(2) tests were used for the children. School performance was also assessed. Mothers were examined with the verbal subscale of the Wechsler Adults Intelligence Scale (WAIS),the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS),PTSD scales (Impact of Events Scale and Irritability,Depression,Anxiety Scales) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). Neuropsychiatric diseases were diagnosed according to ICD-10. Individual dose reconstruction of the children exposed in utero was carried out considering internal and external exposure. The ICRP Publication-88 was applied for calculation of effective fetal, brain and thyroid internal doses for children of both groups. The mean effective fetal equivalent doses (M±SD) in the exposed group is 65.4±33.9 mSv and in the control group 1.2±0.3 mSv. Prenatal equivalent brain doses were 19.2±11.3 mSv and 0.8±0.2 mSv for the exposed and control groups,respectively. Thyroid doses in utero were 760.4±631.8.1 mSv and 44.5±43.3 mSv for the exposed and control groups,correspondingly. There were 20 children from Pripyat town (13.2%) who had been exposed in utero in total doses >100 mSv and there were 52 children from Pripyat town (33.8%) who had been exposed in utero to thyroid doses >1 Sv. The prenatally exposed children show significantly more diseases of the nervous system and mental disorders. Significant differences on intelligence and emotional and behavioral
disorders of exposed children in comparison to the control group were revealed….
URL: http://www.mns.gov.ua/files/rm/PDF/6_15.pdf
Author: X.R. Lowe, S. Bhattacharya, F. Marchetti, A.J. Wyrobek
Reference: Radiat. Res. ― 2009. ― Vol. 171, № 1. ― P. 53–65.
Abstract: full text available on web.
URL: http://www.osti.gov/bridge/servlets/purl/946736-kPQEGv/946736.pdf
Author: P. Lestaevel, E. Romero, B. Dhieux et al.
Reference: Toxicology. — 2009. — Vol. 258, № 1. — P. 1–9.
Keywords: uranium, chemiotoxicity, radiotoxicity, neurological disturbances
Abstract: Uranium is not only a heavy metal but also an alpha particle emitter. The main toxicity of uranium is expected to be due to chemiotoxicity rather than to radiotoxicity. Some studies have demonstrated that uranium induced some neurological disturbances, but without clear explanations. A possible mechanism of this neurotoxicity could be the oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species imbalance. The aim of the present study was to determine whether a chronic ingestion of uranium induced anti-oxidative defence mechanisms in the brain of rats. Rats received depleted (DU) or 4% enriched (EU) uranyl nitrate in the drinking water at 2mg(-1)kg(-1)day(-1) for 9 months. Cerebral cortex analyses were made by measuring mRNA and protein levels and enzymatic activities. Lipid peroxidation, an oxidative stress marker, was significantly enhanced after EU exposure, but not after DU. The gene expression or activity of the main antioxidant enzymes, i.e. superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), increased significantly after chronic exposure to DU. On the contrary, oral EU administration induced a decrease of these antioxidant enzymes. The NO-ergic pathway was almost not perturbed by DU or EU exposure. Finally, DU exposure increased significantly the transporters (Divalent-Metal-Transporter1; DMT1), the storage molecule (ferritin) and the ferroxidase enzyme (ceruloplasmin), but not EU. These results illustrate that oxidative stress plays a key role in the mechanism of uranium neurotoxicity. They showed that chronic exposure to DU, but not EU, seems to induce an increase of several antioxidant agents in order to counteract the oxidative stress. Finally, these results demonstrate the importance of the double toxicity, chemical and radiological, of uranium.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19154773
Author: V.G. Bebeshko, D.A. Bazyka, A.Yu. Romanenko, K.M. Loganovsky
Reference: Journal of AMS of Ukraine, 2011
Abstract: Article by Ukraine’s leading experts. Comprehends aspects of radiation safety, health protection, ecology, neuropsychiatry, immunology etc. Full text available in Ukrainian on web.
URL: http://archive.nbuv.gov.ua/portal/chem_biol/jamn/2011_2/Bebeshko.pdf
Author: A.I. Nyagu, A.G. Noshchenko, K.N. Loganovsky
Reference: Журн. невропатол. и психиатр. им. С.С. Корсакова (journal of neuropathology and psychiatry named after S.S. Korsakov), 1992
Abstract: One of the early works published by researchers of the National Scientific Center for Radiation Medicine of Ukraine. For details contact the publisher. Homepage of the publisher: http://www.mediasphera.ru/contacts/
