カテゴリー「ecology・environment」
Title: The ecological consequences of the radioactive contamination of the natural environment in the region of the chernobyl atomic power station accident
Author: Sokolovskii, V. G. / Sokolov, V. E. / Vetrov, V. A. / Dibobes, I. K. / Trusov, A. G. / Ryabov, I. N. / (…) / Borzilov, V. A.
Reference: Soviet Atomic Energy, 64 (1), p.33-47, Jan 1988
doi: 10.1007/BF01124005
Keywords:
URL: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF01124005
Title: Long-term investigations of post-Chernobyl radiocaesium in fallout and air in North Croatia
Author: Franić, Zdenko / Sega, Kresimir / Petrinec, Branko / Marović, Gordana
Reference: Environmental monitoring and assessment, 148 (1-4), p.315-323, Jan 2009
doi: 10.1007/s10661-008-0162-4
Keywords:
Abstract: The long-term behaviour of (137)Cs activity concentrations in air and fallout has been studied in the city of Zagreb for the post-Chernobyl period (1986-2006) as a part of an extended monitoring program of radioactive contamination of human environment in Croatia. Annual mean (137)Cs activity concentrations in air and annual total deposition fluxes (wet plus dry) decreased from 2.8 x 10(-4) Bq m(-3) in September 1986 to 3.0 x 10(-6) Bq m(-3) in last quarter of 2006 and from 6,410 Bq m(-2) year(-1) in 1986 to 2 Bq m(-2) year(-1) in 2006 respectively. By fitting the measured (137)Cs activity concentrations to the theoretical curve the ecological half-lives of (137)Cs in air and fallout were estimated with respective values of 0.46 and 0.54 years for immediate post-Chernobyl period, increasing to 5.52 and 3.97 years afterwards.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18278563?dopt=Abstract
Title: Genome hypermethylation in Pinus silvestris of Chernobyl—a mechanism for radiation adaptation?
Author: Kovalchuk, Olga / Burke, Paula / Arkhipov, Andrey / Kuchma, Nikolaj / James, S.Jill / Kovalchuk, Igor / Pogribny, Igor
Reference: Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, 529 (1-2), p.13-20, Aug 2003
doi: 10.1016/S0027-5107(03)00103-9
Keywords:Chernobyl; Radiation; Pine; Stress response; Global genome methylation
Abstract: Adaptation is a complex process by which populations of organisms respond to long-term environmental stresses by permanent genetic change. Here we present data from the natural “open-field” radiation adaptation experiment after the Chernobyl accident and provide the first evidence of the involvement of epigenetic changes in adaptation of a eukaryote-Scots pine (Pinus silvestris), to chronic radiation exposure.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0027510703001039
Title: 131I and137Cs in the environment following the chernobyl reactor accident
Author: Gavrilas, M.
Reference: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles, 123 (1), p.39-60, Jul 1988
doi: 10.1007/BF02036381
Keywords:
Abstract: The measured131I and137Cs radioactivity in air, on the ground, and in milk at different places throughout the world were compared. It was found that the measured radioactivity can be explained assuming that the radioactive material released during the Chernobyl accident was transported primarily in two segments. The first part was transported at low altitudes, contaminated areas around Chernobyl and extended up to 2000–3000 km. The second part was injected into the troposphere. The radionuclides carried at high altitudes by the west-to-east winds traveled over continental Asia, Japan, Pacific Ocean, and North America. The time integrated radioactivity concentrations in nearground air particulates, the integral ground deposition densities and milk concentrations can be described by an exponential decrease as a function of the distance from Chernobyl. The intercept (values near the damaged reactor) and the slopes (describing dispersion conditions) were calculated. The deposition velocities for131I and137Cs transported with the two altitude air masses are given.
URL: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF02036381
Title: Beresford et al. Chernobyl case study part 2 RP 40, A case study in the Chernobyl zone – part 2: predicting radiation induced effects in biota.
Author: Beresford, N.A., Wright, S.M., Barnett, C.L., Hingston, J.L., Vives I Batlle, J., Copplestone, D., Kryshev, I.I., Sazykina, T.G., Prohl, G., Arkhipov, A., Howard B.J.
Reference: Radioprotection, Suppl. 1, 40, S299-S305, 2005
Keywords:
Abstract: In this paper we use the FASSET framework to estimate absorbed dose rates for biota within the Chernobyl exclusion zone. The estimated doses are compared to observed biological effects within the Chernobyl exclusion zone and effects expected from summaries of existing knowledge and the extent of contamination. Although paucity of observations under conditions of chronic irradiation makes direct comparison difficult, the biological effects observed in the Chernobyl exclusion zone over the period considered here (1988-2003) are broadly in agreement with those which may have been expected.
URL: http://www.radioprotection.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=8806519
Title: A case study in the Chernobyl zone Part I: Predicting radionuclide transfer to wildlife, A case study in the Chernobyl zone – part 1: predicting radionuclide transfer to wildlife.
Author: Beresford N.A., Wright S.M., Barnett C.L., Wood, M.D., Gaschak S., Arkhipov A., Sazykina T.G., & Avila R.
Reference: Radioprotection, Suppl. 1, 40, S291-S297, 2005
Keywords:
Abstract: A number of frameworks have been proposed to assess the protection of wildlife from ionising radiations. In this paper we compare the predictions of transfer parameters recommended by one of these frameworks (FASSET) with observed whole-body 90Sr and 137Cs activity concentrations in a range of mammal and invertebrate species sampled within the Chernobyl exclusion zone. Predicted activity concentrations are generally within the observed ranges and mean predictions for reference organisms are similar to, or circa one order of magnitude higher than, the observed means. However, some predictions are more than one order of magnitude lower than observed values. No data were available for animals to test predictions for the other radionuclides released by the Chernobyl accident. In a separate paper the outputs of this assessment will be used to estimate doses to reference organisms and compare these to observed radiation induced effects reported within the Chernobyl zone.
URL: http://www.radioprotection.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=8806517
Title: Chernobyl’s challenge to the environment: A report from Sweden
Author: Mascanzoni, D.
Reference: Science of The Total Environment, 67 (2-3), p.133-148, Dec 1987
doi:10.1016/0048-9697(87)90206-3
Keywords:
Abstract: This paper reports the levels of radiocesium registered in about 9000 samples collected in different parts of Sweden following the Chernobyl accident during the period May-November 1986. The maximum Cs levels were detected in reindeer, freshwater fish and mushrooms. Parameters possibly affecting the nuclide concentration in different biota are briefly discussed.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0048969787902063
Title: ENGINEERED NEAR SURFACE DISPOSAL FACILITY OF THE INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX FOR SOLID RADWASTE MANAGEMENT AT CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
Author: Ziehm, Ronny / Pichurin, Sergey Grigorevich, Feb 2003
Reference: 2003 Feb 27
Keywords:12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE WASTES, AND NON-RADIOACTIVE WASTES FROM NUCLEAR FACILITIES; 21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS; FUEL ASSEMBLIES; LICENSING; MANAGEMENT; MONITORING; MONITORS; NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS; PROCESSING; REGULATIONS; SOLID WASTES; TESTING; UKRAINIAN ORGANIZATIONS; WASTE MANAGEMENT; WASTE STORAGE; WASTES
Abstract: As a part of the turnkey project ”Industrial Complex for Solid Radwaste Management (ICSRM) at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (ChNPP)” an Engineered Near Surface Disposal Facility (ENSDF, LOT 3) will be built on the VEKTOR site within the 30 km Exclusion Zone of the ChNPP. This will be performed by RWE NUKEM GmbH, Germany, and it governs the design, licensing support, fabrication, assembly, testing, inspection, delivery, erection, installation and commissioning of the ENSDF. The ENSDF will receive low to intermediate level, short lived, processed/conditioned wastes from the ICSRM Solid Waste Processing Facility (SWPF, LOT 2), the ChNPP Liquid Radwaste Treatment Plant (LRTP) and the ChNPP Interim Storage Facility for RBMK Fuel Assemblies (ISF). The ENSDF has a capacity of 55,000 m{sup 3}.
URL: http://www.osti.gov/bridge/product.biblio.jsp?query_id=2&page=0&osti_id=827146
Title: Shelter Implementation Plan Chernobyl Shelter Fund
Reference: Jun 2012
Keywords:
Abstract: …native plants adapted near Chernobyl, the site of the worst nuclear…courtesy Martin Hajduch. The Chernobyl disaster In 1986, the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in the…radioactive material to the environment. At the time, scientists feared…
URL: http://www.iaea.org/newscenter/features/chernobyl-15/shelter-fund.pdf
Title: Pre- and post-Chernobyl accident levels of 129I and 137Cs in the Southern Baltic Sea by brown seaweed Fucus vesiculosus.
Author: Gómez-Guzmán, J M / Holm, E / Enamorado-Báez, S M / Abril, J A / Pinto-Gómez, A R / López-Gutiérrez, J M / García-León, M
Reference: Journal of environmental radioactivity, 115, p.134-142, Jan 2013
doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.08.007
Keywords:AMS; ICP-MS; 129I; 127I; Seaweed; Chernobyl accident
Abstract: ► 129I content was measured in seaweed collected in 1982 and 1986 in the Baltic Sea. ► 129I content and 129I/127I ratios were found to be highest in the Kattegat area. ► A linear relation between 127I content and salinity in seawater was established. ► Contribution of the Chernobyl accident to 129I in the region was not significant.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22939948?dopt=Abstract
