タグ「contamination」
Title: Strategy for population protection and area rehabilitation in Russia in the remote period after the Chernobyl accident
Author: Balonov MI, Anisimova LI, Perminova GS
Reference: J Radiol Prot 19:261–269, (1999)
doi: 10.1088/0952-4746/19/3/304
Keywords : population, contamination, protection, radionuclides
Abstract: The report presents the history of the development of criteria for radiation and social protection of the Russian population residing in the areas contaminated with radionuclides after the Chernobyl accident, in the remote time periods after the accident. The tendencies for reduction of standards with time are shown, and their causes are analysed. It is noted that the optimization principle was not applied in the explicit form for population protection. The current radiation situation in the contaminated areas of Russia is described, and the future situation is forecast. Main pathways of external and internal population exposure are described. Modern possibilities for reduction of the population exposure dose are discussed. The authors propose promising criteria and methods for population protection and rehabilitation of contaminated areas in Russia.
ＵＲＬ: http://iopscience.iop.org/0952-4746/19/3/304/
Title: Evolution of radiocaesium contamination in mushrooms and influence of treatment after collection
Author: O. Daillant, D. Boilley, M. Josset, B. Hettwig, H. W. Fischer
Reference: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry September 2013, Volume 297, Issue 3, pp 437-441
DOI: 10.1007/s10967-012-2411-9
Keywords: radiocaesium, contamination, mushrooms, preparation
Abstract: In literature quite a lot of data is available on uptake of radioactive caesium in mushrooms. There is less available on the evolution of concentration in fruitbodies after several years and on “outbound” transfer of radiocaesium from fruitbodies to their direct environment, i.e. dilution according to cooking techniques. The recent event at Fukushima has put the question of radionuclides in food, and the following exposure of consumers, high on the agenda. The purpose of this paper is twofold: (1) in order to investigate the variation in time of caesium uptake by fungi, analyses of the same species having grown on the same spot at different intervals during the last 25 years have been performed and (2) in terms of radiation protection the most important thing is the activity taken in by the consumer and not the contamination of raw products. Preparation can have a great impact on activity concentration. Various species of mushrooms frequently eaten have been sampled in Europe and contaminated areas in Japan. Different preparation techniques that can break the walls of the hyphae (drying, deepfreezing etc.) have been applied as well as different treatments: boiling or macerating in water with salt, in acid and basic media. The pH of different media was adjusted and measured. The samples and the medium were analysed separately in gamma spectrometry.
ＵＲＬ：http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10967-012-2411-9
Title: Long-term 137Cs contamination of mushrooms following the Chernobyl fallout
Author: D. Mascanzoni
Reference: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry July 2001, Volume 249, Issue 1, pp 245-249
DOI: 10.1023/A:1013263114576
Keywords: 137Cs, contamination, mushrooms, Europe, Sweden
Abstract: In the aftermath of the Chernobyl accident high concentrations of 137 Cs were found in mushrooms in several European countries and in Sweden. Two edible mushrooms species were selected for a long-term investigation in order to evaluate the 137Cs contamination over a long time. Samples of Suillus variegatus and Cantharellus spp. were collected from 1986to 1998 and their 137 Cs contents assessed. The results show that the activity of 137Cs remained more or less constant in Suillus variegatus, while it increased in Cantharellus spp. This reflects the forest ecosystem of the mushrooms, where nutrient-poor substrates, rich in organic substance and with high pH maintain 137Cs available for uptake. A decay-correction of the time distribution shows that radioactive decay appears to be the main factor affecting the content of 137Cs in mushrooms, at least in the medium term.
ＵＲＬ：http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A%3A1013263114576
Title: Dry, wet and cumulative fallout and milk contamination in Bratislava (Czecho-Slovakia) after the Chernobyl accident
Author: V. Koprda
Reference: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 19 November 1990, Volume 146, Issue 5, pp 323-331
DOI: 10.1007/BF02164235
Keywords: milk contamination, Slovakia
Abstract: The total γ-radioactivity of dry, wet and cumulative fallout and the radioactivity of cow milk was measured in Bratislava in the first month after the Chernobyl accident. The obtained results are in good agreement with the results of the monitoring net in Slovakia.
ＵＲＬ：http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02164235
Title: Radioactive Contamination of Food in Stepanivka Village, Zhytomyr Region, Ukraine: in 1992 and in 2001
Author: Volodymyr TYKHYY
Reference: Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, July 2002
Keywords: contamination, food, Zhytomir region, Ukraine
Abstract: Two series of measurements of radioactive contamination in food samples were performed in 1992 and in 2001 in a village contaminated by the Chernobyl accident. The village, Stepanivka is located 120 km to the west of Chernobyl NPP and has a typical level of Cs-137 surface contamination around that area (3 – 5 Ci/km2). The study was performed by the Independent Environmental Laboratory in Kyiv, jointly founded by the Ukrainian NGO “Green World”, Greenpeace International and the International Renaissance Foundation. It is shown that the Cs-137 contamination in milk in 2001 became 9 times lower than in 1992, while the Cs-137 contamination in wild mushrooms and berries remained at the same level. Annual intake of Cs-137 by the people in Stepanivka through food products and water was about 3 times lower in 2001 than in 1992. On the contrary to the trend of Cs-137, activity of Sr-90 in milk and dried berries was significantly higher in 2001 than in 1992.
ＵＲＬ：http://www.rri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/NSRG/reports/kr79/KURRI-KR-79.htm
Title: Retrospective analysis of I-129 for the estimation of I-131 deposition following the Fukushima accident
Author: Yasuyuki Muramatsu, Hirouyuki Matsuzaki, Takeshi Ohno, Chiaki Toyama
Reference: Abstracts of Annual Meeting of the Geochemical Society of Japan
Keywords: iodine-129, iodine-131, Fukushima nuclear accident, deposition, contamination map
ＵＲＬ：https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/geochemproc/60/0/60_189/_article
Title: Estimation of the ratio of 90Sr and 137Cs activities in the Chernobyl depositions in the territory of the Russian Federation
Author: Ermilov A.P., Ziborov A.M.
Reference: Journal: Radiation and Risk (Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry), Year: 2001 Issue: 12
Keywords: contamination, cesium-137, strontium-90
Abstract: Correlative relationship between activities of 90Sr to 137Cs in condenses of the Chernobyl fallouts on April 26, 1986 was detected. The ratio was estimated with the use of data of the Institute of Global Climate and Ecology of the State Committee of Hydrometeorology and Russian Academy of Sciences. The data derived from measurements of 90Sr, 137Cs and 239+240Pu in soil samples taken in Bryansk, Kaluga, Oriol and Ryazan regions in 1992. The contribution of the condensation of 90Sr in the soil samples of the Chernobyl fallout in Russia was found to be governing factor when specific activity of 137Cs was > 2000 Bq/kg.
URL:http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/otsenka-otnosheniya-aktivnosti-90sr-k-aktivnosti-137cs-v-chernobylskih-vypadeniyah-na-territorii-rossiyskoy-federatsii
Title: The productivity of floodplain grasslands, depending on the agrochemical and agro-technical practices in terms of radioactive contamination
Author: Krotova, Elena Anatolyevna
Reference: Bryansk, 2011
Keywords: radiological situation, Bryansk region, agro-ecology, agrotechnology, agricultural chemistry
Abstract: The main purpose of the study was agro-ecological assessment of the effectiveness and scientific justification for the use of different agrochemical and agricultural practices and their combinations on-natural floodplains, providing improvement of the productivity of high quality grasses in conditions of radioactive contamination.
URL:http://www.dissercat.com/content/produktivnost-poimennykh-senokosov-v-zavisimosti-ot-agrokhimicheskikh-i-agrotekhnicheskikh-p
Title: Features of 137Cs accumulation in fish of different trophic levels in water reservoirs, contaminated as a result of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident.
Author: Polyakova, Natalia Igorevna
Reference: Moscow, 2008
Keywords: accumulation of cesium-137, ichthyology, fish, water reservoirs, contamination with radionuclides
Abstract: The aim of this work was a detailed study of the l37Cs accumulation features in fish of different trophic levels in reservoirs of different types (river, lake, water reservoir), contaminated after the Chernobyl accident.
URL:http://www.dissercat.com/content/osobennosti-nakopleniya-137cs-u-ryb-raznykh-troficheskikh-urovnei-iz-vodoemov-zagryaznennykh
Title: Animal health characteristics of eggs and chicken meat contaminated with strontium-90 from the Chernobyl accident
Author: Okushko, Olga Mikhailovna
Reference: Moscow 2003
Keywords: veterinary-sanitary examination, poultry products, strontium-90 contamination
Abstract: The aim of this work was to study the effect of ionizing radiation within areas of different density of the polluted territories, on the body of chickens, their egg production, biological properties of eggs, survival among chicks and the veterinary-sanitary characteristics of poultry reared under the free-range conditions in the individual areas of the Bryansk region.
URL:http://www.dissercat.com/content/veterinarno-sanitarnaya-kharakteristika-yaits-i-myasa-kur-zagryaznennykh-strontsiem-90-avari
