タグ「dosimetry」
Author: S.I. Spiridonov, S.V. Fesenko, S.A. Geras’kin, V.M. Solomatin, E.I. Karpenko
Reference: Gazette “РАДИАЦИОННАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ. РАДИОЭКОЛОГИЯ “ (Radiation Biology, Radioecology), 2010
ISSN: 0869-8031
DOI: 10.1134/S086980310804005X
Keywords: load of radionuclides in pine trees, dose of exposure, dosimetric models
Abstract: Dosimetric models are designed to assess the exposure dose of woody plants
growing in areas contaminated by long-lived radionuclides. The models are parameterized using data obtained in experimental plots in the south-western districts of the Bryansk region affected by radioactive fallout from the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Estimates the dose of exposure in the generative organs of pine trees located in these areas. Describes content of various sources and types of ionized radiation in the formation of loads of radionuclides in the specified objects.
URL: http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=11036091
Title: Ultrasonic diagnosis of thyroid pathology in children exposed to radiation as a result of the Chernobyl accident
Author: Drozd Valentina Mikhailovna
Reference:
doi:
Keywords: thyroid gland, ultrasonic diagnosis, child’s age, screening, dosimetry, morphology of thyroid cancer.
Abstract: 6895 children and adolescents aged 4 to 17 years from contaminated areas of Gomel, Mogilev and Brest region (6383) and control Braslav district of Vitebsk region were studied.
The goal of present investigation was to elaboration of complex program of early detection of thyroid pathology in children and improving, on its basis, of clinical and sonomorphological criteria of topical and nosological diagnostics.
As a result of performed investigation improved method of thyroid sonography has been worked out and introduced into clinical practice. This software method allows to reveal thyroid pathology at an early stage in 50-100% of patients, to form risk groups, to effectively select patients for surgery, to carry out dynamic control of carcinoma and to reveal thyroid cancer recurrences.
During ultrasonic screening of children from Khoiniky region an increased prevalence of different changes of thyroid ultrasonic picture including thyroid cancer was revealed compared to control region.
A significant increase in thyroid hyperplasia, changes of thyroid ultrasonic pictures, characteristic of endemic areas were found during repeated screening.
Peculiarities of ultrasonic picture in main forms of thyroid pathology in children were revealed and described. According to ultrasonic data nodular and diffuse forms of thyroid cancer were classified, one of the possible reasons for relatively high incidence of extrathyroid spread of thyroid cancer could be both aggressive behaviour of tumour and its close to capsule location.
Practical recommendations for early diagnosis and adequate follow-up of patients with thyroid pathology have been worked out.
http://medical-diss.com/medicina/ultrazvukovaya-diagnostika-patologii-schitovidnoy-zhelezy-u-detey-podvergshihsya-radiatsionnomu-vozdeystviyu-v-rezultate–
Title: Retrospective dosimetry of populations exposed to reactor accident: Chernobyl example, lesson for Fukushima
Author: Vadim V. Chumak
Reference: Radiation Measurements, In Press, Corrected Proof,Jul 2012
DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2012.07.004
Keywords: Dosimetry; Retrospective dosimetry; External exposure; Nuclear accident; Chernobyl; Fukushima
Abstract: ► Retrospective dosimetry in Chernobyl was applied for evaluation of individual doses to evacuees. ► Retrospective dosimetry in Chernobyl was applied for validation of ecological dosimetric models, rejection dubious dose rate records. ► Retrospective dosimetry in Chernobyl was applied for risk assessment of leukemia among Chernobyl clean-up workers (liquidators). ► Retrospective dosimetry in Chernobyl was applied for study of cataracts among liquidators. ► Experience of dose reconstruction in Chernobyl could be used for retrospective assessment of exposures in Fukushima.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350448712002107
Title: Distribution of childhood thyroid dose among cohort members for epidemiological health study in the Bryansk region
Author: Konstantinov, Yuri O. / Bruk, Gennadi Y. / Ershov, Eduard B. / Lebedev, Oleg V.
Reference: International Congress Series, 1234, p.307-319, May 2002
doi: 10.1016/S0531-5131(01)00620-3
Keywords: Chernobyl; Dosimetry; Iodine-131; Thyroid
Abstract: With the aim of carrying out a long-term medical follow-up with radiation dose reconstruction, a cohort of subjects was selected among inhabitants of the most contaminated area in Russia following the Chernobyl accident (the western districts of Bryansk region). The cohort is comprised of 1065 subjects who were under 10 years old at the time of the accident. Most of them were examined on health status in the Chernobyl Sasakawa Health and Medical Cooperation Project. Since the main findings of studies in the project were thyroid abnormalities, selection of subjects was conducted on the basis of the plausible estimates of radiation dose to the thyroid. To estimate thyroid doses, the data from direct measurements of 131I in the thyroid and questionnaire data on individual dietary habits in May 1986 were used. Reasonable approximations were applied to reconstruct individual doses from available data, including doses for those persons who had not been measured for thyroidal radioiodine. The distribution of internal radiation dose to the thyroid among cohort members was obtained. The individual doses to particular subjects are estimated with inevitably essential degree of uncertainty. However, the distribution of subjects into wide dose intervals, from under 200 mGy to over 2 Gy, seems to be an acceptable approach for cohort study in radiation epidemiology.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0531513101006203
Title: Re-evaluation of thyroid doses in Russia after the Chernobyl accident
Author: Stepanenko, Valery F / Gavrilin, Yuri I / Khrouch, Valery T / Shinkarev, Sergey M / Hoshi, Masaharu / Iaskova, Elena K / Kondrashov, Alexey E / (…) / Rivkind, Nikolay B
Reference: International Congress Series, 1234, p.321-328, May 2002
doi: 10.1016/S0531-5131(01)00621-5
Keywords: Chernobyl accident; I-131; Thyroid dose; Individual dosimetry
Abstract: Immediately after the Chernobyl accident, the team of Medical Radiological Research Center (MRRC) specialists carried out wide-scale measurements of iodine-131 content in the thyroid gland of 27 887 inhabitants of the Kaluga region. This initial information was presented only as official reports to governmental structures. Similar work was done by local specialists for 1441 inhabitants of the Bryansk region. The data of direct measurements provided us the basis for further individual thyroid dose estimations, where we exploited the developed model and personal interviews.This paper presents the results of updated dose evaluations, including the additional factors, such as dynamics of fallout and data on the pasture period…
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0531513101006215
