タグ「genetics」
Title: Three Somatic Genetic Biomarkers and Covariates in Radiation-Exposed Russian Cleanup Workers of the Chernobyl Nuclear Reactor 6–13 Years after Exposure
Author: Irene M. Jones, Heather Galick, Paula Kato, Richard G. Langlois, Mortimer L. Mendelsohn, Gloria A. Murphy, Pavel Pleshanov, Marilyn J. Ramsey, Cynthia B. Thomas, James D. Tucker, Ludmila Tureva, Irina Vorobtsova, and David O. Nelson
Reference: Radiation Research 158(4):424-442. 2002
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1667/0033-7587(2002)158[0424:TSGBAC]2.0.CO;2
Keywords : cleanup workers, genetic biomarkers
Abstract: Three somatic mutation assays were evaluated in men exposed to low-dose, whole-body, ionizing radiation. Blood samples were obtained between 1992 and 1999 from 625 Russian Chernobyl cleanup workers and 182 Russian controls. The assays were chromosome translocations in lymphocytes detected by FISH, hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) mutant frequency in lymphocytes by cloning, and flow cytometic assay for glycophorin A (GPA) variant frequency of both deletion (N/Ø) and recombination (N/N) events detected in erythrocytes. Over 30 exposure and lifestyle covariates were available from questionnaires. Among the covariates evaluated, some increased (e.g. age, smoking) and others decreased (e.g. date of sample) biomarker responses at a magnitude comparable to Chernobyl exposure. When adjusted for covariates, exposure at Chernobyl was a statistically significant factor for translocation frequency (increase of 30%, 95% CI of 10%–53%, P = 0.002) and HPRT mutant frequency (increase of 41%, 95% CI of 19%–66%, P < 0.001), but not for either GPA assay. The estimated average dose for the cleanup workers based on the average increase in translocations was 9.5 cGy. Translocation analysis is the preferred biomarker for low-dose radiation dosimetry given its sensitivity, relatively few covariates, and dose–response data. Based on this estimated dose, the risk of exposure-related cancer is expected to be low.
ＵＲＬ：http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1667/0033-7587%282002%29158%5B0424%3ATSGBAC%5D2.0.CO%3B2?prevSearch=chernobyl&searchHistoryKey=&queryHash=f7283fdb5d57d03bfdb1eb17f03c59a5
Title: Trends in the human sex odds at birth in Europe and the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident
Author: Hagen Scherb, Kristina Voigt
Reference: Reproductive Toxicology, Volume 23, Issue 4, June 2007, Pages 593–599
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2007.03.008
Keywords: Analytical ecological study; Exposure–response relation; Low-level ionizing radiation; Male proportion; Radiation epidemiology; Radiation-induced genetic effects; Sex ratio; Spatial–temporal logistic regression
Abstract: To investigate trends in the sex odds before and after the Chernobyl accident, gender-specific annual birth statistics were obtained from the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Norway, Poland, and Sweden between 1982 and 1992. For parts of Germany, annual birth statistics and fallout measurements after Chernobyl are available at the district level. Trend models allowing for discontinuities of the male birth proportions are suggested. Superimposed on a downward trend in male proportions there was a jump in 1987 with a sex odds ratio of 1.0047 (95%-confidence interval: 1.0013–1.0081, p = 0.0061). A positive association of the male proportion in Germany between 1986 and 1991 with radioactive exposure at the district level is reflected by a sex odds ratio of 1.0145 per mSv/a (1.0021–1.0271, p = 0.0218). These findings suggest a possible long-term chronic influence of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident on the human sex odds at birth in several European countries.
ＵＲＬ：http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0890623807000445
Author: KAL’CHENKO V.A.
Reference: Moscow, 1998
Keywords: genetic effects, plant, contamination of environment
Abstract: Our aim was to evaluate genetic processes in plant populations under radioactive contamination resulting from a large-scale accident at a nuclear industry.
URL:http://earthpapers.net/vliyanie-ioniziruyuschey-radiatsii-na-uroven-polimorfizma-dnk-v-raznyh-tkanyah-u-potomstva-obluchennyh-myshey
Author: Lomaeva, Milena Gelievna
Reference: Moscow, 2007
Keywords: ionizing radiation, DNA, mouse
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the level of radiation-いindued genome instability in offsprings of BALB/c mice, born after exposure to sublethal doses of IR-male or female – parents.
URL:http://earthpapers.net/vliyanie-ioniziruyuschey-radiatsii-na-uroven-polimorfizma-dnk-v-raznyh-tkanyah-u-potomstva-obluchennyh-myshey
Title: The physiological condition of the body and productive qualities of calves in ontogenesis under different environmental conditions and economic growth
Author: Korostelyov, Alexander
Reference: Bryansk, 2011
Keywords: ontogenesis, animals, bulls, ecology, genetics, physiology, productivity
Abstract: The main goal of the research – based on a thorough study of the influence of various density of radioactive contamination on the physiological function and productivity of the animals, to develop the concept of development of cattle breeding in the area of radioactive contamination and recommendations on technology of cultivation and feeding calves, in addition breeding cattle bulls of the black-and-white breed that ensures high productivity.
URL:http://www.dissercat.com/content/fiziologicheskoe-sostoyanie-organizma-i-produktivnye-kachestva-bychkov-v-ontogeneze-pri-razl
Author: Oficerov M.V., Igonina E.V.
Reference: Gazette “ ГЕНЕТИКА” (genetics), 2009
ISSN: 1022-7954
DOI: 10.1134/S1022795409020082
Keywords: Scots pine, contamination, genetics
Abstract: The genetic consequences of irradiation were studied in a Scots pine population from a region contaminated as a result of the Chernobyl meltdown. Mutations of isozyme loci were not detected in seeds collected from trees of the first post-meltdown generation in 2004. The frequency of cells with chromosome aberrations in the root meristem of seedlings grown from the seeds did not differ from the control level. A deviation from the expected ratio 1:1 was observed for some isozyme alleles in endosperms of seeds obtained from heterozygous trees.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19334615
Title: Genetic consequences of irradiation in scots pine Pinus sylvestris L. population
Author: Oficerov M.V., Igonina E.V.
Reference: Genetics, (Russian: “ГЕНЕТИКА”) 2009 Feb; 45(2):209-14.
ISSN: 1022-7954
DOI: 10.1134/S1022795409020082
Keywords: Scots pine, contamination, genetics
Abstract: The genetic consequences of irradiation were studied in a Scots pine population from a region contaminated as a result of the Chernobyl meltdown. Mutations of isozyme loci were not detected in seeds collected from trees of the first post-meltdown generation in 2004. The frequency of cells with chromosome aberrations in the root meristem of seedlings grown from the seeds did not differ from the control level. A deviation from the expected ratio 1:1 was observed for some isozyme alleles in endosperms of seeds obtained from heterozygous trees.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19334615
