タグ「Incidence」
Title: Cancer incidence among the participants of the liquidation of the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster
Author: Ivanov V.K., Rastopchin E.M., Gorskiy A.I., Ryvkin V.B.
Reference: Radioation and Lisk 1996 No.8
Keywords:incidence, liquidators
Abstract: The work presents data on incidence of solid malignant neoplasms among liquidators of the Chernobyl accident which have been gathered in Russian National Medical and Dosimetric Registry from 1986 to the beginning of 1996. RNMDR contains individual dosimetric data and results of annual medical check-ups of the liquidators living on the territory of Russia. The study involves male liquidators who had no oncological diseases before arrival to the 30-km zone and for whom the following information was available: confirmed dose of external irradiation, birth date, date of arrival to the 30-km zone, time spent in the 30-km zone, results of medical checkups. The number of liquidators under study was 114504 persons, which is about 68% of all liquidators registered in RNMDR. The average dose of the considered cohort is 108 mGy, the average age at the time of their first arrival to the 30-km zone is 34.3 year and the total number of person-years spent in the zone is 797781. The liquidatorsx27; cohort is briefly characterized, cancer incidence of liquidators is compared with that of the population of Russia as a whole by calculating standardized incidence ratio (SIR). SIRs with 95% confidence intervals for all solid malignant neoplasms and cancers of the digestive system were 1.23 (1.15; 1.31) and 1.11 (1.01; 1.24) respectively. Estimation of radiation risks for the same disease classes has revealed a statistically significant increase in cancer incidence with increase in external radiation dose of liquidators.
URL: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/onkologicheskaya-zabolevaemost-sredi-uchastnikov-likvidatsii-posledstviy-chernobylskoy-katastrofy
Title: Analysis Of The incidence and mortality with respect to malignant neoplasms of the digestive system in the Chernobyl liquidators 1986-1997
Author: Biryukov A.P., Ivanova I.N., Gorskiy A.I, Petrov A.V., Matyash V.A.
Reference: Radiation and Lisk 2001 No.12
Keywords:
Abstract: The paper provides analysis of information about incidence and mortality with respect to malignant neoplasms of the digestive system in the Chernobyl liquidators accumulated in the Russian National Medical and Dosimetric Registry (RNMDR) in the period from 1986 to the beginning of 1998. The study includes male liquidators registered in six regional centers of the RNMDR providing most reliable medical and dosimetric data on an annual basis, namely Northwest, Volgo-Vyatsky, Central-Chernozemny, Povolzhsky, North-Caucasian and Urals. The number of liquidators under study is 96026 persons, which accounts for 57% of all liquidators registered in the RNMDR. The mean dose in the study cohort is 108 mGy, the mean age at the time of entry in the zone is 34.3 years and the total accumulated number of person-years is 1011727. The incidence and mortality rates for cancers of the digestive system were compared for liquidators and the population of Russia in general through calculation of the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) and the standardized mortality ratio (SMR). The values of SIR and SMR with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for malignant neoplasms of the digestive system were estimated to be 0.88 (0.80; 0.97) and 0.72 (0.64; 0.80), respectively. For liquidators who arrived in the zone in 1986 these are 0.97 (0.85; 1.11) and 0.81 (0.70; 0.94), respectively. During the period of 1991-1997, when SIR in liquidators became stable, the values of SIR and SMR with 95% CI for malignant neoplasms of the digestive system were 1.00 (0.90; 1.10) and 0.87 (0.78; 0.98), respectively. For liquidators who arrived in the zone in 1986 these values were 1.15 (1.00; 1.33) and 1.02 (0.86; 1.19), respectively. Estimation of radiation risks for this class of diseases did not reveal any statistically significant increase in cancer incidence or mortality with increase in external radiation dose in liquidators.
URL: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/analiz-zabolevaemosti-i-smertnosti-ot-zlokachestvennyh-novoobrazovaniy-pischevaritelnoy-sistemy-sredi-likvidatorov-za-1986-1997-gody
Title: The problem of thyroid cancer in Russia after the Chernobyl accident: evaluation of radiation risks 1991-2008.
Author: Ivanov V.K., Tsyb A.F., Maksyutov M.A., Tumanov K.A., Chekin S.YU., Kascheev V.V., Korelo A.M., Vlasov O.K., Schukina N.V.
Reference: Radiation and Lisk 2010 No.3
Keywords: Chernobyl accident, territory contaminated with radionuclides, Population, thyroid cancer, incidence of disease, crude incidence rate, standardized incidence ratio, excess relative risk
Abstract: Joint analysis of thyroid cancer incidence in Bryansk, Kaluga, Oryol and Tula oblasts from 1981 through 2008 was made for the first time. The average size of population of the oblasts in those years was 5.1 million people. According to data of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry 9120 thyroid cancer cases were detected for that period. Mean-rayon thyroid doses were used for the analysis. Affected rayons of Bryansk, Kaluga, Oryol and Tula oblasts were arranged into 4 groups in accordance with radiation dose.
URL:
http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/problema-raka-schitovidnoy-zhelezy-v-rossii-posle-avarii-na-chernobylskoy-aes-otsenka-radiatsionnyh-riskov-period-nablyudeniya-1991-2008
Author: Loganovskaja T.K., Loganovsky K.N.
Reference: Int. J. Psychophysiol. — 1999. — Vol. 34, № 3. — P. 213–224
Keywords: EEG, clinical neuropsychiatric examination, IQ test
Abstract: Computerised EEG, a clinical neuropsychiatric examination, and IQ tests were examined in 50 randomly selected prenatally irradiated 9-10-year-old children and compared with 50 randomly selected non-exposed control children of the same age. In the prenatally irradiated children a disorganised EEG-pattern with slow and paroxysmal activity (acute and high-voltage delta-waves, sometimes: spike-waves) in the left fronto-temporal region was disclosed. There was also a significant predominance of delta- and beta (dominant frequency: 20 Hz)-power in the frontal lobe, particularly, in the left fronto-temporal region, together with depressed spectral theta-power. The more disorganised EEG-patterns were observed in those children exposed at 8-15 weeks of prenatal development, while left-hemisphere abnormalities were more typical for those exposed later at 16-25 weeks of gestation. There was also a significant increase of borderline and low range (70-90) IQ scores and a significant decrease of high verbal (> 110) IQ scores. Disorders of psychological development, particularly specific developmental disorders of speech, language, and scholastic skills were more common and correlated with left-sided slow- and fast-wave activity. Behavioural and emotional disorders (social estrangement, exhaustion, emotional lability, tearfulness, apathy) were also more common and associated with a L > R imbalance in arousal. We hypothesise that the cerebral basis of mental disorders in the prenatally irradiated children is the malfunction of the left hemisphere limbic-reticular structures, particularly in those exposed at the most critical period of cerebrogenesis (16-25 weeks of gestation). We propose that the left hemisphere is more vulnerable to prenatal irradiation than the right.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10610046
Author: B.S. Kovalenko, T.P. Golivets
Reference: Journal “Palliative medicine and rehabilitation”
ISSN: 2079-4193
URL: http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=14778271
Title: Recent trends in the incidence, geographical distribution, and survival from thyroid cancer in Wales: 1985-2010.
Author: Amphlett B, Lawson Z, Abdulrahman GO, White C, Bailey R, Premawardhana L, Okosieme OE.
Reference: Thyroid. 2013 Mar 14. [Epub ahead of print]
Keywords:
Abstract: Abstract Background Previous studies of thyroid cancer incidence in Wales have given varying results with suggestions of an excess of cases in geographic areas that were previously exposed to the radioactive fallout from the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear reactor incident. Our objective in this study was to provide an up to date comprehensive analysis of time trends in the incidence, geographical distribution, and survival from thyroid cancer in Wales. Methods We identified thyroid cancer cases, registered from 1985 through 2010 in the Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit (WCISU). Age standardised rates were determined from the European standard population. A Poisson regression model was fitted to assess temporal trends and rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were determined and compared across consecutive time periods: 1985-1997 and 1998-2010. Standardised incidence ratios were calculated for each of the 22 local authority areas. Relative survival and Kaplan Meier curves were computed to analyse all cause and thyroid cancer-specific survival. Results A total of 1747 thyroid cancer cases were registered from 1985-2010. Age standardised incidence rates were 2.8 and 1.2 per 100,000 population per year for females and males, respectively. Incidence rates increased with time (rate ratio 1.3, 95% CI 1.2-1.5, p<0.001, 1998-2010 vs.1985-1997). The incidence of papillary cancer increased progressively over the study period (RR 2.22, 95% CI 1.91-2.57, p<0.001; 1998-2010 vs.1985-1997), while rates for other (non-papillary) histological subtypes remained static (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.84-1.08, p=0.45; 1998-2010 vs.1985-1997). We identified two geographical areas of increased incidence but the spatial distribution of cases was inconsistent with exposure to radioactive fallout. Five-year relative survival from all-cause mortality improved from 74.2 (95% CI 66.8-80.1) in 1985-1989, to 82.6 (95% CI 77.1-86.9) in 2000-2004 but remained poor for patients >65 years (p<0.001, >65 yrs vs. 15-64 years) and patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer (p<0.001, anaplastic vs. other histological varieties). Conclusions The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased in Wales, predominantly due to an increase in papillary cancers. The current geographical distribution of cases does not support a radiation effect in the region. Survival has remained poor for patients aged >65 years and those with anaplastic carcinoma.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23488941
Title: Chernobyl cleanup workers from Estonia: follow-up for cancer incidence and mortality.
Author: Rahu K, Auvinen A, Hakulinen T, Tekkel M, Inskip PD, Bromet EJ, Boice Jr JD, Rahu M.
Reference: J Radiol Prot. 2013 Mar 27;33(2):395-411. [Epub ahead of print]
doi:
Keywords: incidence, mortality, cleanup workers
Abstract: This study examined cancer incidence (1986-2008) and mortality (1986-2011) among the Estonian Chernobyl cleanup workers in comparison with the Estonian male population. The cohort of 4810 men was followed through nationwide population, mortality and cancer registries. Cancer and death risks were measured by standardised incidence ratio (SIR) and standardised mortality ratio (SMR), respectively. Poisson regression was used to analyse the effects of year of arrival, duration of stay and time since return on cancer and death risks. The SIR for all cancers was 1.06 with 95% confidence interval 0.93-1.20 (232 cases). Elevated risks were found for cancers of the pharynx, the oesophagus and the joint category of alcohol-related sites. No clear evidence of an increased risk of thyroid cancer, leukaemia or radiation-related cancer sites combined was apparent. The SMR for all causes of death was 1.02 with 95% confidence interval 0.96-1.08 (1018 deaths). Excess mortality was observed for mouth and pharynx cancer, alcohol-related cancer sites together and suicide. Duration of stay rather than year of arrival was associated with increased mortality. Twenty-six years of follow-up of this cohort indicates no definite health effects attributable to radiation, but the elevated suicide risk has persisted.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23532116
Title: Medical consequences of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident: experience of 15-year studies
Author: Bebeshko, Vladimir G / Bobyliova, Olga A
Reference: International Congress Series, 1234, p.267-279, May 2002
doi: 10.1016/S0531-5131(01)00616-1
Keywords: Chernobyl disaster; Health status; Long-term monitoring; Incidence; Prevalence
Abstract:… All population health indexes have negative dynamics and are dramatically worse in comparison to the same age of Ukrainian population. The incidence of all cancers in clean-up workers increased. Since 1995, all cancer incidence rates are higher in the population of Ukraine. The thyroid incidence rate in evacuees exceeds the national rate by five to six times. The priority tasks for the achievement of the goals of health protection for the people who suffered as a result of the Chernobyl catastrophe were determined.
URL:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0531513101006161
Title: A time trend analysis of papillary and follicular cancers as a function of tumour size: A study of data from six cancer registries in France (1983–2000)
Author: Colonna, M. / Guizard, A.V. / Schvartz, C. / Velten, M. / Raverdy, N. / Molinie, F. / Delafosse, P. / (…) / Grosclaude, P.
Reference: European Journal of Cancer, 43 (5), p.891-900, Mar 2007
doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2006.11.024
Keywords: Thyroid cancer; Tumor size; Time trend; Incidence; Papillary; Follicular
Abstract: …Some studies mention the effects of radioactive fallout, particularly after the accident in Chernobyl. Another probable cause is related to progress in medical practice, and particularly in diagnosis. In this article, we describe time trends in the incidence of papillary and follicular cancers, taking into account the size of the tumour at the time of diagnosis. The analysis was carried out on cases from six French cancer registries for the period 1983–2000…
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959804907000032
Title: The Use of Geographic Information Systems in Analyzing the Spatial Distribution of People at Risk for Thyroid Cancer
Author: Kelly M. Fox
Reference: [PDF-370K] Sep 2008
Keywords: Thyroid Cancer, GIS, Geographic Information Systems, Incidence, Risk Factors, Spatial Analyst
Abstract: …was then absorbed by thyroid glands, potentially leading to thyroid cancer (National Cancer Institute…from the disaster at Chernobyl) (National Cancer Institute, 2007b…likely than men to get thyroid cancer (Mayo Clinic Staff…
URL: http://www.gis.smumn.edu/GradProjects/FoxK.pdf
