タグ「radiomorphosis」
Author: M.A. Bomko
Reference: Український медичний часопис (Ukrainian Medical Magazine), 2004
Keywords: ionizing radiation, organic brain damage, magnetic-resonance imaging, morphometry
Abstract: The goal of the study was to determine the distinctive features of organic brain damage in remote period of exposure to ionizing radiation as a result of the Chernobyl accident on the basis of morphometric analysis of cerebral magnetic-resonance images (MRI). There were examined 79 clean-up workers of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident with organic mental disorders following exposure to ionizing radiation in doses of 0,14–4,7 Gy, as well as 18 non-exposed patients with organic mental disorders. Visual and morphometric assessments of MRIs have been done. Morphometry of MRI included analysis of contrast coefficients between brain structures and cerebral liquor system, sizes of lateral ventricles and the third ventricle, indices of lateral ventricles bodies, frontal horns of lateral ventricles and the third ventricle. Cortical atrophy of cerebral hemispheres and damage of neuronal pathways in the dominant hemisphere are the characteristic morphometric neuroimaging features of organic brain damage in remote period of exposure to ionizing radiation as a result of the Chernobyl accident. There was revealed the «dose–effect» relationship between the dose and the characteristic morphometric neuroimaging features of organic brain damage, starting with 0,3 Gy and increasing in proportion to the dose.
URL: http://www.umj.com.ua/article/937/morfometrichna-nejrovizualizacijna-xarakteristika-organichnogo-urazhennya-golovnogo-mozku-u-viddalenij-period-vplivu-ionizuyuchogo-viprominyuvannya-vnaslidok-chornobilskoi-katastrofi
Author: T.S. Mukhina
Reference: Dissertation, candidate of medical sciences, Volgograd, 2008
Keywords: age dependence, morphology, structural features
Abstract: Increased incidence of thyroid cancer in many regions of Russia determines the relevance of the study of regional structural features of the body and the clinicopathologic features of benign and malignant tumors, of which differential diagnosis in preoperative stage can be extremely difficult (Romanchishen AF, 1992; Paches AI, Propp PM, 1995; Khmelnitsky OK, 2002). Especially, interest in the problems of thyroidology increased in the period after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Urgent study of radiogenic thyroid cancer became highly actual, for which the position remains still controversial (Lushnikov EF Tsib AF, Yamashita, S., 2006). …
The purpose of the study: To determine 1.the structural features of the thyroid gland in the mature, older and old age and 2. morphological features of latent disease, on the basis of complex morphological and morphometric research.
URL: http://www.dissercat.com/content/vozrastnye-osobennosti-stroeniya-i-latentnaya-patologiya-shchitovidnoi-zhelezy
Title: Transgenic plants are sensitive bioindicators of nuclear pollution caused by the Chernobyl accident.
Author: Kovalchuk, I / Kovalchuk, O / Arkhipov, A / Hohn, B
Reference: Nature biotechnology, 16 (11), p.1054-1059, Nov 1998
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04831.x
Keywords: Chernobyl; radionuclides; radiolysis; soil; water ecosystems; bioaccumulation; transition ratio; radiomorphosis
Abstract: To evaluate the genetic consequences of radioactive contamination originating from the nuclear reactor accident of Chernobyl on indigenous populations of plants and animals, it is essential to determine the rates of accumulating genetic changes in chronically irradiated populations. An increase in germline mutation rates in humans living close to the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant site, and a two- to tenfold increase in germline mutations in barn swallows breeding in Chernobyl have been reported. Little is known, however, about the effects of chronic irradiation on plant genomes. Ionizing radiation causes double-strand breaks in DNA, which are repaired via illegitimate or homologous recombination. We make use of Arabidopsis thaliana plants carrying a beta-glucuronidase marker gene as a recombination substrate to monitor genetic alterations in plant populations, which are caused by nuclear pollution of the environment around Chernobyl. A significant (p<0.05) increase in somatic intrachromosomal recombination frequencies was observed at nuclear pollution levels from 0.1-900 Ci/km2, consistent with an increase in chromosomal aberrations. This bioindicator may serve as a convenient and ethically acceptable alternative to animal systems.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9831035?dopt=Abstract
