タグ「ミニサテライト」
タイトル：チェルノブイリ事故処理作業員の子どもたちはミニサテライト対立遺伝子における突然変異率の上昇を示していない
著者：リヴシッツL. A., マリャルチュクS. G., ルキャノヴァE. M., アンチプキンY. G., アラブスカヤL. P., クラフチェンコS. A., マツカG. H., プチットE., ジロドーF., ゴウメロンP., ヴァグナウドG., グエンB. Le.
典拠：Radiation Research、155(1)、74‐80頁、2001年。
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1667/0033-7587(2001)155[0074:COCCWD]2.0.CO;2
キーワード：子ども、処理作業員、突然変異、ミニサテライト
概要：1986年4月のチェルノブイリ原発事故は放射性同位体の大量放出を伴い、ウクライナ、ベラルーシおよびロシア連邦の広範な地域の汚染を招いた。処理作業員（リクビダートル）と放射性物質で汚染された地域の住民のほとんどが被ばくした。チェルノブイリ事故後の電離放射線への曝露の遺伝的影響を評価するために、183名のチェルノブイリ処理作業員（リクビダートル）の子どもとウクライナの非曝露地域に住む統制家族の163名の子どもにおける7種の超可変のミニサテライト遺伝子座に継承された突然変異対立遺伝子の頻度を測定した。被ばくグループと統制グループの間で継承された突然変異対立遺伝子の頻度に有意差はなかった。被ばくグループは、子どもたちを身ごもった時点で父親が発電所で働いていたかどうかによって二つの下位グループに分けた。88名の子どもは父親が施設で働いている間もしくはその後2ヶ月の間に身ごもられた（下位グループ1）。他の95名の子どもはチェルノブイリでの仕事を辞めて4か月以降に身ごもられた（下位グループ2）。サブグループ1はサブグループ2よりも変異対立遺伝子の頻度が遺伝子座の大部分について高かった（つまりCEB1が1.44倍高かった）。この結果は、もし事実であると確認されれば、慢性的に被ばくしたベラルーシの住民および広島と長崎の原爆生存者において得られた明らかに矛盾する結果を調停することになろう。
URL:http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.166/0033-7587%282001%29155%5B0074%3ACOCCWD%5D2.0.CO%3B2?prevSearch=chernobyl&searchHistoryKey=&queryHash=05c5bf600dfdc400aa01511958fb5e34
Title: Elevated Minisatellite Mutation Rate in the Post-Chernobyl Families from Ukraine
Author: Yuri E. Dubrova, Gemma Grant, Anatoliy A. Chumak, Vasyl A. Stezhka, Angela N. Karakasian
Reference: Am. J. Hum. Genet. 71:801–809, 2002
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/342729
Keywords:Germline mutation, minisatellite, Ukraine
Abstract: Germline mutation at eight human minisatellite loci has been studied among families from rural areas of the Kiev and Zhitomir regions of Ukraine, which were heavily contaminated by radionuclides after the Chernobyl accident. The control and exposed groups were composed of families containing children conceived before and after the Chernobyl accident, respectively. The groups were matched by ethnicity, maternal age, parental occupation, and smoking habits, and they differed only slightly by paternal age. A statistically significant 1.6-fold increase in mutation rate was found in the germline of exposed fathers, whereas the maternal germline mutation rate in the exposed families was not elevated. These data, together with the results of our previous analysis of the exposed families from Belarus, suggest that the elevated minisatellite mutation rate can be attributed to post-Chernobyl radioactive exposure. The mechanisms of mutation induction at human minisatellite loci are discussed.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002929707603668
Title: Mini-and microsatellite mutations in children from Chernobyl accident cleanup workers
Author: Robbert J.C Slebos, Ruth E Little, David M Umbach, Yurij Antipkin, Tamara D Zadaorozhnaja, Nikola A Mendel, Courtney A Sommer, Kathleen Conway, Eloise Parrish, Sara Gulino, Jack A Taylor
Reference: Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, Volume 559, Issues 1–2, 11 April 2004, Pages 143-151
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2004.01.003
Keywords: Minisatellite, Microsatellite, Germline mutation, Chernobyl accident
Abstract: Knowledge about possible genotoxic effects of low-dose radiation on the human germline is limited and relies primarily on extrapolations from high-dose exposures. To test whether ionizing radiation can cause paternal genetic mutations that are transmitted to offspring, we enrolled families of 88 Chernobyl cleanup workers exposed to ionizing radiation. We analyzed DNA isolated from lymphocytes for mutations via DNA blotting with the multi-locus minisatellite probes 33.6 and 33.15 and via PCR in a panel of six tetranucleotide repeats. Children conceived before and children conceived after their father’s exposure showed no statistically significant differences in mutation frequencies. We saw an increase in germline microsatellite mutations after radiation exposure that was not statistically significant. We found no dependence of mutation rate on increasing exposure. A novel finding was that the tetranucleotide marker D7S1482 demonstrated germline hypermutability. In conclusion, our results do not support an increased level of germline minisatellite mutations but suggest a modest increase in germline mutations in tetranucleotide repeats. Small sample size, however, limited statistical power.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1383571804000099
