チェルノブイリ事故後のセシウムの未墾地から草への移動

Title: Transfer of radiocesium from uncultivated soils to grass after the Chernobyl accident

Author: Z. Pietrzak-Flis, P. Krajewski, G. Krajewska, N.R. Sunderland

Reference: Science of The Total Environment, Volume 141, Issues 1–3, 25 January 1994, Pages 147-153

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(94)90024-8

Keywords: Radiocesium; Grass; Soil; Transfer factor; Chernobyl

Abstract: Transfer of radiocesium from uncultivated peat, loam and two sandy soils to grass in northeastern Poland was evaluated. Samples of grass and soil were collected from the same area of about 100 m² in the period from June 1988 to November 1991 twice a year. Grass was sampled from 1 m × 1 m squares by cutting to the plant base. Afterwards core samples of soil were taken from an area of 132.73 cm². ¹³⁴Cs, ¹³⁷Cs and ⁴⁰K were determined by gamma spectrometry. The average concentration of ¹³⁷Cs (to 10 cm depth) in the studied areas was in the range from 22.8 ± 2.5 Bq kg⁻¹ to 154.3 ± 13.7 Bq kg⁻¹. The average concentration of this radionuclide in grass varied from 6.76 ± 0.99 Bq kg⁻¹ dry weight (dry wt.) to 152.6 ± 37.4 Bq kg⁻¹ dry wt and depended upon the type of soil. The transfer of radiocesium to grass in the studied soils decreased in the following order: Sand I > peat > Sand II > loam. The results indicated that apart from soil, other parameters also influenced the transfer of radiocesium to grass. It has been found that ¹³⁴Cs from Chernobyl is more available to grass than ¹³⁷Cs from nuclear weapon tests.

URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0048969794900248

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