Chapter 41 – Endocrine Cancer

Title: Chapter 41 – Endocrine Cancer

Author: Kundra, Priya / Burman, Kenneth D.

Reference: The Molecular Basis of Cancer, Jan 2008

ISBN:9781416037033

Keywords:

Abstract: …epithelial follicular thyroid cells, where it is normally…rearrangements, and thyroid cancer is the most common solid…to 11 years after the Chernobyl accident. RET/PTC3…expressing RET/PTC3 in the thyroid display an aggressive…

URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978141603703310041X

Belarus and Chernobyl:Separating Seeds from Chaff

Title: Belarus and Chernobyl:Separating Seeds from Chaff  Ioffe.fm

Author: Grigory Ioffe1

Reference: [PDF-360K]Nov 2009

Keywords: Belarus

Abstract: Seventy percent of radionuclides discharged during the Chernobyl disaster were deposited in Belarus. Besides causing radioactive contamination, the tragedy at Chernobyl exposed some of the socio-cultural characteristics, such as mass dependency on strong patronage of the state, that buttress the political institutions of that country. On the basis of a literature review, a specialist on Belarus aims at separating proven health effects of Chernobyl from psychological and socio-political consequences of the disaster.

URL: http://gioffe.asp.radford.edu/images/pubpdfs/chernobyl.pdf

A new approach to reactor safety goals in the framework of INES

Title: A new approach to reactor safety goals in the framework of INES

Author: Saji, Genn

Reference: Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 80 (2), p.143-161, May 2003

doi: 10.1016/S0951-8320(03)00025-5

Keywords: IODINE ,DISASTER PLANNING,THYROID GLAND,GUIDELINES

Abstract: Intervention levels for emergency response are for national authorities to decide, but the latest information suggests that stable iodine prophylaxis for children up to the age of 18 years be considered at 10 mGy, that is 1/10th of the generic intervention level expressed in the International basic safety standards for protection against ionizing radiation and for the safety of radiation sources. For adults over 40, the scientific evidence suggests that stable iodine prophylaxis not be recommended unless doses to the thyroid from inhalation are expected to exceed levels that would threaten thyroid function. This is because the risk of radiation induced thyroid carcinoma in this group is very low while, on the other hand, the risk of side effects increases with age. The latest information on the balance of risks and benefits will also need to be properly considered in the plans for any distribution and storage of stable iodine. It suggests that stockpiling is warranted, when feasible, over much wider areas than normally encompassed by emergency planning zones, and that the opportunity for voluntary purchase be part of national plans.

URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0951832003000255

Safety goals in ‘risk-informed, performance-based’ regulation

Title: Safety goals in ‘risk-informed, performance-based’ regulation

Author: Saji, Genn

Reference: Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 80(2), P.163–172, May 2003

doi:10.1016/S0951-8320(03)00026-7

Keywords: Safety goals; Risk-informed, performance-based regulation; Land contamination; How safe is safe enough?; Chernobyl accident; Accidental health effects; International Nuclear Event Scales

Abstract: By extending a framework of the International Nuclear Event Scales (INES) widely used throughout the world, the author proposes a new concept of reactor safety goals that facilitates engineering applications, while removing some of the uncertainties often encountered in implementing safety goals. The INES criteria specified in releases are translated into doses by performing dispersion calculations for a typical site to estimate radiological consequences to the public. Quantitative health objectives that incorporate lessons learned from radiological consequences of the Chernobyl accident are deployed into master risk curves. More attention is paid to immediate noble gas releases occurring in the early phase of severe accidents, as well as the delayed release of iodine and cesium that can cause wide spread land contamination. The land contaminated with radioactive iodine around Chernobyl and the subsequent ingestion of iodine through pasture-cow-milk pathways is said to have induced many of the thyroid cancer cases. By monitoring more frequent incidents with/without release, a set of master risk curves can be used to assess the operating performance of plants in a safety space delineated by three regions (acceptable, tolerable, unacceptable). It is concluded that another Level 5 or beyond radiological consequence, especially the potential land contamination by ¹³⁷Cs would be a disaster and is totally unacceptable.

URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0951832003000267

And now, Fukushima

Title: And now, Fukushima

Author: Richard Wakeford

Reference: Journal of Radiological Protection, 31 (2), p.167-176, Jun 2011

doi: 10.1088/0952-4746/31/2/E02

Keywords: Fukushima

Abstract: …arising from the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power station 25 years…for a worker of a serious cancer resulting from a whole-body…of stable iodine floods the thyroid gland and blocks the uptake by the thyroid of 131 I, although the timing…

URL: http://iopscience.iop.org/0952-4746/31/2/E02/pdf/0952-4746_31_2_E02.pdf

Childhood Cancer

Title: Childhood Cancer

Author:

Reference: [PDF-2MB]Mar 2011 America’s Children and the Environment, Third Edition
Keywords: childhood cancers

Abstract: …Other childhood cancers with identified associations to environmental contaminants include thyroid cancer, Wilms’ tumor (a type of kidney cancer), and Ewing’s sarcoma (a cancer of the bone or soft tissue). An increased risk of thyroid cancer in children has been linked to ionizing radiation exposure. Much of the evidence for this association comes from studies of individuals in areas with high ionizing radiation exposure due to the Chernobyl accident in eastern Europe….

URL: http://www.epa.gov/ace/ace3draft/draft_pdfs/ACE3ChildhoodCancerReviewPackage3-02-11.pdf

One decade after Chernobyl

Title: One decade after Chernobyl 

Author (Corporate): International atomic energy agency (IAEA)

Reference:  IAEA (International atomic energy agency), 1997

doi:

Keywords: international conference, consequences of the accident

Abstract: As a part of the Chernobyl Project, the project was initiated by the IAEA in 1995 after a proposal by Belarus to convene an international group of high level experts to review the information drawn from the long term environmental and social studies of the Chernobyl accident and its consequences. The study had been monitored by an International Advisory Committee under the project management of the Institut de protection et de sûreté nucléaire (IPSN), France. The project report based mainly on the studies, carried out by experts from Belarus, the Russian Federation and Ukraine during the period 1986-1995, was published as IAEA TECDOC-1240

URL: http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/te_1240_prn.pdf

Russian:

Problems of Radioecology in forest. Forest. People. Chernobyl.

Title: Problems of Radioecology in forest. Forest. People. Chernobyl.

Author: V. A. Ipat’ev, E. F. Konoplya, V. F. Baginsky, B. I. Yakushev, I. I. Maradulin

Reference: Gomel, 2004

doi:

Keywords: forest ecology, soil decontamination, forestry, forest fires, Belorussia, Baltic countries, ground contamination

Abstract: Problems of safety system. Rehabilitation of forest land contaminated with radionuclides. Forest fires in contaminated areas: prevention, eradication and consequences. Management activities in contaminated areas. Monitoring, forecast and radiation monitoring of forest products. Reports from parliamentary assembly of the Union of Belarus and Russia.

URL: http://catalog.belal.by/cgi-bin/irbis64r_01/cgiirbis_64.exe?LNG=&C21COM=S&I21DBN=BELAL&P21DBN=BELAL&S21FMT=briefwebr&S21ALL=(%3C.%3EK%3D%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8C%3C.%3E)&Z21ID=&S21SRW=TIPVID&S21SRD=DOWN&S21STN=1&S21REF=5&S21CNR=20

Russian: Проблемы радиоэкологии леса. Лес. Человек. Чернобыль: Ипатьев В.А., Конопля Е.Ф., Багинский В.Ф., Якушев Б.И., Марадулин И.И. …

Recommendations for creating and maintaining fields of livestock exposed to radionuclides in Ukraine (in Ukrainian)

Title: Recommendations for creating and maintaining fields of livestock exposed to radionuclides in Ukraine  (in Ukrainian)

Author:

Reference: Ukrainian Ministry of Agribusiness, Kiev, 1998

doi:

Keywords: contamination, beef cattle, environment, radionuclides, ground, veterinary

Abstract:

URL: http://library.gpntb.ru/cgi/irbis64r_simplesite/cgiirbis_64.exe?I21DBN=RSK&P21DBN=RSK&Z21ID=&S21REF=&S21CNR=&S21STN=1&S21FMT=fullwebr&C21COM=S&2_S21P02=1&2_S21P03=K=&2_S21STR=%D0%97I

Ukrainian: Рекомендацiї зi створення i ведення галузi м’ясного скотарства в забруднених радiонуклiдами районах України  

Forest. People. Chernobyl

 Author: V. A. Ipat’ev, V. F. Baginsky, I. M. Bulavik, A.M. Dvornik etc.

Reference: Gomel, 1999

doi:

Keywords: contamination, forest, ecology, Belorussia, decontamination, eco system, radionuclides

Abstract:

URL: http://do.znate.ru/docs/index-10683.html?page=4

Russian: Лес. Человек. Чернобыль: Ипатьев В.А., Багинский В.Ф., Булавик И.М., Дворник А.М….