Author: T.K. Loganovska, S.Yu. Nechaev
Reference: Медичний всесвіт (Medical Journal), 2004
・For details of the article contact the publisher of the journal. Homepage of the publisher http://www.med-tech.com.ua/index.php?mod=perord&id=6
Title: Comparative Morphological Analysis of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in Children and Adolescents Born before and after Chernobyl Accident
Author: Abrosimov A. Yu.
Reference: Medical Radiological Research Center of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 4 Korolev str., Obninsk, Kaluga district, 249036 Russia
ISSN: 0025-8334
Keywords: THYROID, RADIOGENIC AND SPORADIC PAPILLARY CARCINOMA, CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS, CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT
Abstract: Purpose: To elaborate comparative morphological analysis of radiogenic and sporadic papillary thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents bom before and after Chernobyl accident and living in the radionuclide contaminated regions of the Russian Federation. Material and methods: Histological sections of papillary carcinoma and medical records from I8O children (under 15 years old) and adolescents (from 15 to 19 years) living in Bryansk, Kaluga, Oryol and Tula regions of Russia have been examined. The first group of radiogenic cancer cases includes 130 patients whose thyroid might be exposed after the accident. The second group of sporadic tumors includes 50 patients bom since the end of January 19S7 and whose thyroid exposure to radioiodine becomes negligible. A comparison between two groups via prevalence of different histological types of papillary carcinoma and other morphological features of tumor growth has been performed. Results;The male/female ratio in the first group is 1/1.5 comparing to the second group where it is 1/3.2. The average size of tumors in the first group is higher than that in the second one (14.6+1.0 mm vs. 11.4+0.8 mm), but difference is not quite significant (p-0.06). The differences between higher extent of tumor stromal fibrosis (52.3 %) and extent of cxtrathyroid invasion (23.8 %) of tumors in the first group comparing to the second group (28.0 % and 8.0 % respectively) are statistically significant (p<0.01 and р=0.02 respectively). No differences ‘between two groups have been revealed in the prevalence of various histological types of papillary carcinoma. Conclusion: Radiogenic and sporadic papillary carcinomas have no specific types of histological architecture (histological variants). Twо groups differ from each other by the male/female ratio (females are significantly prevailing in the sporadic group), as well as by the extent of stromal fibrotic response and extent of extrathyroid invasive growth that could be revealed more often in the group of radiogenic papillary thyroid carcinomas.
Author: A.Yu. Abrosimov
Reference: Dissertation, 2004
Keywords: increased number on incidence, comparison, pre-accidental period, post-accidental period
Abstract: The accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (CNPP) April 26, 1986 turned out to be a disaster with psychological, social and health consequences for a large number of people. Release of significant quantities of radionuclide iodine led millions of people in Belarus, Russia and Ukraine to radiation exposure of the thyroid gland (TG). After a few years, thyroid cancer (TC) became reality, which is still existent at present.
Before Chernobyl, in all countries thyroid cancer among children had been considered a rare disease. In Belarus, within the pre-accident period of 15 years, thyroid cancer was diagnosed in 8 children, 21 adolescents, aged 15 to 18 years, and 1,465 patients aged 19 years and older. Over the 15-year period after the accident (1986-2000), thyroid cancer was diagnosed in 703 children, 267 adolescents and 6719 adults. From 1990 to 2000 it was diagnosed in 674 children, 262 adolescents and 564 young adults who, at the time of the accident, were from 0 to 18 years old (Demidchik EP et al., 2002). After the accident, the incidence of thyroid cancer increased, compared to the pre-accident period, in children 88.5 times, in adolescents – 11.8 times, in adults – 4.6 times. In Ukraine, within the 5-years pre-accident period (1981-1985), there were 25 cases of thyroid cancer in children, whereas in the subsequent 5-years period (1986-1990.) – 61 cases, and in the next 5 years (1991 – 1995). -220 cases (Tronko ND et al., 2002). The incidence of thyroid cancer in children of Ukraine, in 1986-1990 increased 2.2 times, in 1991-1995 – 8 times, and in 1996-2000 – 8.2 times.
URL: http://www.referun.com/n/rak-schitovidnoy-zhelezy-u-detey-i-podrostkov-rossii-posle-avarii-na-chernobylskoy-aes
Title: Thyroid cancer In children and adolescents In Ukraine and Its morphological characteristics following the Chornobyl accident.
Author: Bogdanova Т. I.
Reference: Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Biological Science; speciality 14.01.14 – biological endocrinology; V.P.Komlssa-renko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kylv. 1996.
Abstract: Forty scientific papers containing the data on dynamics of thyroid cancer in children and adolescents in Ukraine following the Chernobyl accident. Its morphological (light and electromlcroscoplc. lmmunohlstochemlcal) characteristics are defended. A significant Increase In the thyroid cancer Incidence In children has been observed since 1990, particularly in the most contaminated areas. A solld-folllcular variant of papillary carcinoma was Identified as the most specific for post-Chernobyl cancers In children and adolescents. These tumours are characterised by highly Invasive properties, pronounced Immunoposltlve reaction to various oncogenes and growth factors which cause their aggressive biological behavior, with high incidence of regional and distant metastases. An increase In relative risk of the development of this variant of papillary carcinoma in children has been revealed, this depending upon the thyroid radiation dose during the Chernobyl accident, which proves the radiation genesis of the tumours studied.
Title: Dynamics of thyroid cancer incidence in Russia following the Chernobyl accident: eco-epidemiological analysis Medical Radiological Research Center of RAMS, Obninsk
Author: Ivanov V.K., Tsyb A.F., Gorsky A.I., Maksioutov M.A.
Reference: SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES [PDF-172K]Apr 2001
Keywords:
Abstract: The paper presents the analysis of thyroid cancer incidence in the territories of Russia that were most contaminated after the Chernobyl accident. Incidence data in the Bryansk, Kaluga, Orel and Tula regions (5,298 thousand persons) are used. Information on incidence has been obtained from regional oncological dispensaries (state health institutions involved in diagnosis and treatment of malignant neoplasms). Altogether, 2,599 cases of thyroid cancer are considered from 1982 to 1995. Of them, 62 cases were among children and adolescents and 143 among the population who were children and adolescents at the time of the accident in 1986. The study is performed for both sexes. The study compares the distribution of thyroid cancer cases by age at diagnosis and age at exposure. It has been shown that since 1991 the age structure of the incidence has changed significantly with the growing proportion of cases among children and adolescents. The change in the structure occurred due to the radiation factor, specifically as a result of exposure of thyroid to incorporated 131I. A dependence of risk of cancer on age at exposure has been derived. For children of 0-4 years at exposure the risk of induction of radiogenic thyroid cancer is 6-10 times higher than in adults. On the average, the risk co-efficient in children and adolescents at the time of exposure is about 3 times higher than that in adults. The analysis of time trend in thyroid cancer incidence has shown that the incidence rate observed in the period from 1991 to 1995 in the age groups up to 25 years is expected to be maintained in the near future.
URL: http://users.physics.harvard.edu/~wilson/radiation/rr11-12/chapter1.pdf
Title: The management of cancer in the older adolescent
Author: Albritton, K. / Bleyer, W.A.
Reference: European Journal of Cancer, 39 (18), p.2584-2599, Dec 2003
doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2003.09.013
Keywords: Cancer; Adolescents; Young adults
Abstract: Cancer in adolescents 15–19 years of age occurs at nearly twice the rate observed in 5- to 14-year-olds, but as of yet they have no explicit organisation for research and care, such as that structured for younger paediatric patients. Adolescents with cancer must be recognised as a subgroup of oncology patients with specific characteristics and needs requiring dedicated interest and management. The need is made most evident as outcome data indicates that adolescents are lagging behind in survival gains made in recent decades by both children and adults with cancer. Improvements in the overall survival, quality of care and quality of survival of adolescents with cancer will only occur by surmounting the challenges, discussed in this review, unique to this group of patients.
…health standpoint of cancer control, and by adjustment…Radiation-induced cancer may occur in adolescents…childhood. Rates of thyroid cancer in children and adolescents…Slavic countries since the Chernobyl accident in 1986 [12…
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959804903008098
Title: Cancer in children and adolescents in Europe: Developments over 20 years and future challenges
Author: Pritchard-Jones, K. / Kaatsch, P. / Steliarova-Foucher, E. / Stiller, C.A. / Coebergh, J.W.W.
Reference: European Journal of Cancer, 42 (13), p.2183-2190, Sep 2006
doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2006.06.006
Keywords: Cancer; Child; Adolescent ; Europe; Registry; Data quality; Public health
Abstract: This special issue contains 18 articles describing population-based analyses of incidence and survival for cancer among children and adolescents in Europe over the period 1978–1997. The analyses were derived from the large database of the ACCIS project (Automated Childhood Cancer Information System), which was built through collaboration of 62 population-based cancer registries in 19 European countries. Data on 88,465 cancers in children and 15,369 in adolescents (age 15–19 yrs) were included in the various analyses, making this the largest database on cancer in these age-groups in the world. National data were grouped into five European regions to allow comparisons of incidence and survival, for all cancers and by tumour type, including analysis of trends in both over time. This overview paper focuses on the comparability of the data from multiple registries and describes the potential confounding factors. Age-standardised annual incidence rates of many, but not all, cancers in children and adolescents are clearly rising. There are geographical differences in survival for the majority of tumour types. Survival rates increased for nearly all types of cancer in children and adolescents. The implications of these findings for aetiological factors and treatment delivery for cancer in children and adolescents are discussed.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959804906004850
Author: van Santen, H.M / Aronson, D.C / Vulsma, T / Tummers, R.F.H.M / Geenen, M.M / de Vijlder, J.J.M / van den Bos, C
Reference: European Journal of Cancer, 40 (11), p.1743-1751, Jul 2004
doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2004.03.006
Keywords: Differentiated thyroid cancer; Childhood; Adolescence; Complications; Late effects
Abstract: …proven to cause childhood thyroid carcinoma. Examples of radiation-induced thyroid cancer are patients who previously…Ukraine-region, following the Chernobyl nuclear disaster, an increased incidence of thyroid cancer, mainly of the papillary…
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959804904002102