Retrospective analysis of I-129 for the estimation of I-131 deposition following the Fukushima accident

Title: Retrospective analysis of I-129 for the estimation of I-131 deposition following the Fukushima accident

Author: Yasuyuki Muramatsu, Hirouyuki Matsuzaki, Takeshi Ohno, Chiaki Toyama

Reference: Abstracts of Annual Meeting of the Geochemical Society of Japan

Keywords: iodine-129, iodine-131, Fukushima nuclear accident, deposition, contamination map

ＵＲＬ：https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/geochemproc/60/0/60_189/_article

I-129 and I-131 ground deposition densities are correlated in Belorussian settlements contaminated following the Chernobyl accident

Title: I-129 and I-131 ground deposition densities are correlated in Belorussian settlements contaminated following the Chernobyl accident

Author: Masaharu Hoshi, Valery F Stepanenko, Yuri I Gavrilin, Yuri M Volkov, Irina K Makarenkova, Jun Takada, Valery E Shevchuk, Valery G Skvortsov, Dmitry V Petin, Elena K Iaskova, Alexey E Kondrashov, Alexander I Ivannikov, Nataly M Ermakova, Leonid N Chunikhin

Reference: International Congress Series, Volume 1234, May 2002, Pages 115-120

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0531-5131(01)00601-X

Keywords: Chernobyl accident; I-129; I-131; Thyroid dose

Abstract: Long-living I-129 is considered as the witness of short-living I-131 fallout following the Chernobyl accident. Data on I-129 deposition densities might help to estimate thyroid doses in population of many contaminated areas where information on the I-131 ground deposition density is unknown.

This pilot study aimed to investigate the correlations between I-129 ground deposition densities measured in 2000 and those of I-131 measured in 1986.

I-129 measurements were performed by iodine separation and registration of I-129 decays using beta-x coincidence. Soil samples were collected and I-129, Cs-137 ground deposition densities were measured in three contaminated raions of Belorussia (14 locations in 12 settlements). For 10 of 12 settlements, there were available data of I-131 and Cs-137 spectrometric measurements during the first weeks after the accident in 1986.

Results of I-129 and Cs-137 measurements in 2000 were used for the reconstruction of I-131/Cs-137 ratio. Comparisons of reconstructed I-131/Cs-137 ratios with the I-131/Cs-137 ratios obtained by direct measurements in 1986 showed good agreement: correlation coefficient was 0.69 and linear regression coefficient (±SD) was 2.36(±0.88). The study confirms the possibility to apply the data on I-129 ground deposition densities for further application to improve estimations of thyroid absorbed doses, which result from I-131 irradiation.

URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S053151310100601X

GROUNDWATER RADIOIODINE: PREVALENCE, BIOGEOCHEMISTRY, AND POTENTIAL REMEDIAL APPROACHES

Title: GROUNDWATER RADIOIODINE: PREVALENCE, BIOGEOCHEMISTRY, AND POTENTIAL REMEDIAL APPROACHES

Author: Denham, M. / Kaplan, D. / Yeager, C.

Reference: Sep 2009  Savannah River National Laboratory

doi: 10.2172/965394

Keywords: Iodine-129, iodine-131,iodide, iodate, remediation,fission product, organic matter, microbiology, silver, sorption, risk assessment

Abstract: This report was prepared for the United States Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC09-08SR22470 and is an account of work performed under that contract. Neither the United States Department of Energy, nor SRNS, nor any of their employees makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for accuracy, completeness, or usefulness, of any information, apparatus, or product or process disclosed herein or represents that its use will not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, name, manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply endorsement, recommendation, or favoring of same by Savannah River Nuclear Solutions or by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of the authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.

…function of time after the Chernobyl accident. Note that 131 I…that the maximum dose to the thyroid occurs. As the amount of 129…and 10 4 nCi the dose to the thyroid decreases sharply due to its…activity, does not demonstrate a thyroid dose sensitivity to the amount of radioactivity…

URL: http://sti.srs.gov/fulltext/SRNL-STI-2009-00463.pdf

Use of 129I and 137Cs in soils for the estimation of 131I deposition in Belarus as a result of the Chernobyl accident

Keywords: Chernobyl; ¹²⁹I; ¹³¹I; ¹³⁷Cs; Soils

Abstract: Using radioactivity measurements for ¹³¹I and ¹³⁷Cs and nuclear activation analysis (NAA) or accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) for ¹²⁹I, ratios of ¹³¹I/¹³⁷Cs and ¹²⁹I/¹³⁷Cs have been determined in soils from Belarus. We find that the pre-Chernobyl ratio of ¹²⁹I/¹³⁷Cs in Belarus is significantly larger than expected from nuclear weapons fallout. For the Chernobyl accident, our results support the hypothesis that there was relatively little fractionation of iodine and caesium during migration and deposition of the radioactive cloud. For sites having ¹³⁷Cs >300 Bq/kg, ¹²⁹I can potentially give more reliable retroactive estimates of Chernobyl ¹³¹I deposition. However, our results suggest that ¹³⁷Cs can also give reasonably good (±50%) estimates for ¹³¹I in Belarus.

URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265931X01000807

Analysis of 129I in lichens by accelerator mass spectrometry through a microwave-based sample preparation method

Title: Analysis of ¹²⁹I in lichens by accelerator mass spectrometry through a microwave-based sample preparation method

Author:　Go´mez-Guzma´n, J.M.; Lo´pez-Guti´errez, J.M.; Pinto, A.R.; Holm, M.E.; Garci´a-Leo´n, M.

Reference: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research, Section B (Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms) April 2010, vol.268, no.7-8, pp. 1171-4.

DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2009.10.126

Keywords: Iodine-129; Lichen; Reprocessing plants; Fall-out; Chernobyl; AMS

Abstract: The presence of ¹²⁹I in the environment has been strongly influenced by the artificial nuclear emissions since the beginning of the nuclear era in the mid 20th century. In order to know more about the different sources and their relative impact in different zones, it is necessary to complete the amount of measurements of this radionuclide in environmental samples. In this work, ¹²⁹I has been determined in lichen samples (Cladonia alpestris) from Rogen Lake in Central Sweden. A method based on microwave digestion was developed for these measurements in order to improve speed and reduce contamination. Based on this method, ¹²⁹I concentrations in some lichen samples from Lake Rogen (Sweden) have been measured, showing the impact of the Chernobyl accident and nuclear fuel reprocessing plants.

URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168583X09011756

Iodine-129 in thyroid and urine in Ukraine and Denmark

Title: Iodine-129 in thyroid and urine in Ukraine and Denmark
Author: Hou, Xiaolin / Malencheko, A.F. / Kucera, J. / Dahlgaard, H. / Nielsen, S.P.

Reference: Science of The Total Environment, 302 (1-3), p.63-73, Jan 2003

doi: 10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00321-2

Keywords: Iodine-129; Thyroid; Urine; Ukraine; Denmark; Chernobyl accident

Abstract: Human thyroids collected from Gomel in Belarus, sheep thyroid from Jutland and human urine from Zealand in Denmark were analysed for 129I and 127I concentrations. The ratios of 129I/127I in human thyroid in Gomel are 2.65–11.0×10−9 with an average of 7.21×10−9, which is one order of magnitude higher than those from Asia and South America (10−10), but significantly lower than those observed in west Europe (10−8). A weak negative correlation (P<0.05) between 129I/127I ratio in human thyroid and the age of the subjects was observed in Gomel. The average ratio of 129I/127I in sheep thyroids from Jutland of Denmark is 1.81×10−7, which is two orders of magnitude higher than those in south hemisphere, and Asia. It is also significantly higher than those observed in other west European countries before 1984 and that in human thyroid in Gomel. The high thyroid 129I level in Jutland is attributed to the release of reprocessing plants in France and UK. The 129I/127I ratios in human urine in Zealand of Denmark are 0.86–2.86×10−8. The possibility of using urine 129I to evaluate the thyroid exposure to 129I is investigated.

URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969702003212

Retrospective measurements of airborne 12 9 Iodine in Austria

Title: Retrospective measurements of airborne 12 9 Iodine in Austria

Author: Jabbar, Tania / Wallner, Gabriele / Steier, Peter / Katzlberger, Christian / Kandler, Norbert

Reference: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 112, p.90-95, Oct 2012

doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.05.010

Keywords: Iodine-129; Aerosols; AMS; Historical data; Inhalation dose; Austria

Abstract: …1960’s (and by the Chernobyl accident in 1986) were overwhelmed…the degree to which the thyroid of individuals is saturated…concentration of radioiodine in the thyroid gland significantly increases the risk of thyroid cancer development. To determine radiological…

URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265931X12001245

Iodine-129 in soils from Northern Ukraine and the retrospective dosimetry of the iodine-131 exposure after the Chernobyl accident

• Title: Iodine-129 in soils from Northern Ukraine and the retrospective dosimetry of the iodine-131 exposure after the Chernobyl accident

Author: Michel, R. / Handl, J. / Ernst, T. / Botsch, W. / Szidat, S. / Schmidt, A. / Jakob, D. / (…) / López-Gutiérrez, J.M.

Reference: Science of The Total Environment, 340 (1-3), p.35-55, Mar 2005

doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.08.006

Keywords: Iodine-129; Iodine-131; Accelerator mass spectrometry; Radiochemical neutron activation analysis; Retrospective dosimetry; Radionuclide migration

Abstract: Forty-eight soil profiles down to a depth of 40 cm were taken in Russia and Ukraine in 1995 and 1997, respectively, in order to investigate the feasibility of retrospective dosimetry of the ¹³¹I exposure after the Chernobyl accident via the long-lived ¹²⁹I. The sampling sites covered areas almost not affected by fallout from the Chernobyl accident such as Moscow/Russia and the Zhitomir district in Ukraine as well as the highly contaminated Korosten and Narodici districts in Ukraine.

URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004896970400590X