タグ「Italy」
Title: The effects of the Chernobyl explosion on induced abortion in Italy
Author: Spinelli A, Osborn JF
Reference: Biomed Pharmacother. 1991;45(6):243–247
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0753-3322(91)90024-N
Keywords: Chernobyl, induced abortion, Italy
Abstract: Four regression models have been fitted to data of the monthly number of induced abortions in Italy between January 1984 and April 1986, in order to predict the number which would have occurred in the 5 months following the Chernobyl explosion. In model I the average number of abortions per day in each month was the dependent variable and calendar months, a linear time trend and previous month’s value were the independent variables. Model II included a quadratic time trend term in addition to the independent variables used in model I. Models III and IV were like models I and II except that the dependent variable was the average number of abortions per working day in each month and the effect of the previous month’s value was omitted. The 4 models all implied that an excess number of abortions were performed in the 5 months following the Chernobyl accident. The mean daily excess was estimated to be 28 and 52 per day for models I and II and the mean excess per working day was estimated to be 20 and 30 by models III and IV, respectively. Clearly the estimated magnitude of the excess depends on whether the quadratic time trend is included among the explanatory variables, but these results imply that the excess is unlikely to be merely due to chance.
URL:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/075333229190024N
Title: Reduction of births in Italy after the Chernobyl accident
Author: Bertollini R, Di Lallo D, Mastroiacovo P, Perucci CA
Reference: Scand J Work Environ Health. 1990 Apr;16(2):96-101
Keywords: birth, Italy, abortion
Abstract: After the Chernobyl accident serious concern spread throughout Italy about the possible effects of the consequent exposure to radioactivity on fetuses. A reduction of births in the first three months of 1987, and particularly in February (7.2% reduction in the birth rate), was observed throughout Italy. In April-June 1987 a 4.8% increase in the number of births was observed. The magnitude of both phenomena varied in different areas of the country. The total number of births in the first six months of 1987 was very similar to the expected (264,241 versus 263,659). Induced abortions increased in Lombardia (northern Italy) in June (+1.6%) and July of 1986 (+3.4%) and in Campania (southern Italy) in June (+12.7%) and August (+4.3%). No increase in legal abortions was detected in Lazio (central Italy). Italian data suggest a voluntary decrease in the number of planned pregnancies and the termination of some of them in the first weeks after the accident as a consequence of postdisaster stress.
URL:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2353200
Title: Plankton as an indicator of the temporal variation of the Chernobyl fallout
Author: O. Ravera, L. Giannoni
Reference: Science of The Total Environment, Volume 172, Issues 2–3, 30 November 1995, Pages 119-125
DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(95)04821-9
Keywords: Plankton; Radionuclides; Chernobyl; Lake Monate, Italy; Lake Comabbio, Italy
Abstract: Here we describe the pattern of radionuclide activities (iodine-131; cesium-134; cesium-137; ruthenium-106) in net-plankton and water samples collected from two lakes in Northern Italy (Lake Monate and Lake Comabbio) during and after the presence in the area of the radioactive cloud from the Chernobyl accident: from 30 April to 3 September 1986. The results show that, because of its short lifespan, plankton is a good indicator of daily variations of environmental contamination. The contamination level of plankton depends on various factors, such as the speciation and biological role of the radionuclide, the community structure and chemical characteristics of the water.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0048969795048219
