Trends in the human sex odds at birth in Europe and the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident

Title: Trends in the human sex odds at birth in Europe and the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident

Author: Hagen Scherb, Kristina Voigt

Reference: Reproductive Toxicology, Volume 23, Issue 4, June 2007, Pages 593–599

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2007.03.008

Keywords: Analytical ecological study; Exposure–response relation; Low-level ionizing radiation; Male proportion; Radiation epidemiology; Radiation-induced genetic effects; Sex ratio; Spatial–temporal logistic regression

Abstract: To investigate trends in the sex odds before and after the Chernobyl accident, gender-specific annual birth statistics were obtained from the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Norway, Poland, and Sweden between 1982 and 1992. For parts of Germany, annual birth statistics and fallout measurements after Chernobyl are available at the district level. Trend models allowing for discontinuities of the male birth proportions are suggested. Superimposed on a downward trend in male proportions there was a jump in 1987 with a sex odds ratio of 1.0047 (95%-confidence interval: 1.0013–1.0081, p = 0.0061). A positive association of the male proportion in Germany between 1986 and 1991 with radioactive exposure at the district level is reflected by a sex odds ratio of 1.0145 per mSv/a (1.0021–1.0271, p = 0.0218). These findings suggest a possible long-term chronic influence of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident on the human sex odds at birth in several European countries.

ＵＲＬ：http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0890623807000445

RADIATION EPIDEMIOLOGY SECTOR: DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES TO THE HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF RADIATION PROTECTION OF THE POPULATION OF RUSSIA

Title: RADIATION EPIDEMIOLOGY SECTOR: DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES TO THE HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF RADIATION PROTECTION OF THE POPULATION OF RUSSIA

Author: Ivanov.V.K., Tsyb A.F., Maksyutov M.A.

Reference: Radiation　and Lisk 2012, vol.21 No.3

Keywords: Ionizing radiation,   Radiation epidemiology,   Radiological protection,   Radiation risks,   reconstruction of radiation doses,   verification of medical data,   Chernobyl accident,   medical radiation exposure

Abstract: The authors present the history of the Radiation Epidemiological Sector of the Medical Radiological Research Center and review the main results obtained by researchers of the National Radiation Epidemiological Registry for twenty five years. For that time major efforts were made towards development of methodology and analytical methods for estimating radiation risks and prognosing morbidity and mortality of people affected by low level radiation. At present basic and applied research into Radiation Epidemiology and estimating risks for health of people exposed to radiation from nuclear accidents and incidents, occupational activity and medical procedures is carried out at the Sector.

URL: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/radiatsionno-epidemiologicheskiy-sektor-razvitie-sovremennyh-tehnologiy-otsenki-riskov-zdorovyu-i-optimizatsii-radiatsionnoy

Facts and Controversies About Radiation Exposure, Part 1: Controlling Unnecessary Radiation Exposures

Title: Facts and Controversies About Radiation Exposure, Part 1: Controlling Unnecessary Radiation Exposures
Author: Strzelczyk, Jadwiga (Jodi) / Damilakis, John / Marx, M. Victoria / Macura, Katarzyna J.

Reference: Journal of the American College of Radiology, 3 (12), p.924-931, Dec 2006

doi: 10.1016/j.jacr.2006.07.009

Keywords: Radiation exposure; radiation protection; stochastic effects of radiation; deterministic effects of radiation; radiation biology; radiation epidemiology ,The Chernobyl Legacy

Abstract: In this 2-part article, the authors address the need to put in perspective the risks of radiation exposure in the rapidly changing field of radiology, considering the current state of knowledge of effects at low levels. The article is based on the content of the refresher course RC 516 presented at the Radiological Society of North America’s 2005 annual meeting. After a brief review of epidemiologic studies, part 1 contains a discussion of typical radiation doses experienced in medicine, by both patients and professionals, and it concludes with a description of practical approaches to reduce unnecessary exposures. Part 2 of the article addresses a special concern for the unborn and discusses advisory and regulatory cancer risk estimates based mainly on epidemiologic studies. The limitations of epidemiologic studies at low-level exposures and recent new findings in radiobiology, some of which are summarized, challenge the notion that any amount of radiation causes adverse effects.

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URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1546144006003978