Long-term follow-up for brain tumor development after childhood exposure to ionizing radiation for tinea capitis

Author: S. Sadetzki, A. Chetrit, L. Freedman et al.

Reference: Radiat. Res. — 2005. — Vol. 163, № 4. — P. 424–432.

Keywords: tinea capitis treatment, aftermath

Abstract: Ionizing radiation is an established risk factor for brain tumors, yet quantitative information on the long-term risk of different types of brain tumors is sparse. Our aims were to assess the risk of radiation-induced malignant brain tumors and benign meningiomas after childhood exposure and to investigate the role of potential modifiers of that risk. The study population included 10,834 individuals who were treated for tinea capitis with X rays in the 1950s and two matched nonirradiated groups, comprising population and sibling comparison groups. The mean estimated radiation dose to the brain was 1.5 Gy. Survival analysis using Poisson regression was performed to estimate the excess relative and absolute risks (ERR, EAR) for brain tumors. After a median follow-up of 40 years, an ERR/Gy of 4.63 and 1.98 (95% CI = 2.43-9.12 and 0.73-4.69) and an EAR/Gy per 10(4) PY of 0.48 and 0.31 (95% CI = 0.28-0.73 and 0.12-0.53) were observed for benign meningiomas and malignant brain tumors, respectively. The risk of both types of tumors was positively associated with dose. The estimated ERR/Gy for malignant brain tumors decreased with increasing age at irradiation from 3.56 to 0.47 (P = 0.037), while no trend with age was seen for benign meningiomas. The ERR for both types of tumor remains elevated at 30-plus years after exposure.

URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15799699

Long-lasting cerebral functional changes following moderate dose X-radiation treatment to the scalp in childhood: an electroencephalographic power spectral study

Author: I. Yaar, E. Ron, B. Modan et al.

Reference: J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. — 1982. — Vol. 45, № 2. — P. 166–169.

Keywords: EEG, visual analyses, tinea capitis treatment

Abstract: EEG tracings were compared in 44 young adults who received scalp x-radiation treatment for tinea capitis during childhood and 59 non-irradiated control subjects. The irradiated subjects were exposed, over 20 years previously, to a mean dose of 130 rads to the brain. Visual analysis of the EEG revealed an insignificant excess of abnormalities among the irradiated subjects compared to the controls. Power spectral density function analysis showed increased power values among the irradiated subjects, particularly in the beta wave frequencies. This finding provides further evidence for suspecting that x-irradiation during brain maturation may cause long-lasting damage to the brain tissue. (full text in English available on web)

URL: http://jnnp.bmj.com/content/45/2/166.long

Method of treating radiation-contaminated metallic and graphite waste of uranium-graphite nuclear reactors

Author: V.A. Chemezov, R.S. Karimov

Reference: Patent, 24.05.2010, Ekaterinburg patent holder: Sverdlovsk Research Institute of Chemical Engineering

Keywords: treatment, metal, graphite, flux

Abstract: The invention is aimed to be used in nuclear power plants, nuclear industries and points of radioactive waste disposal. The treatment includes loading of the contaminated metallic waste and flux into the furnace, melting of metallic waste and removing of the melt and slag flux from the furnace. Before loading the waste and the flux into the furnace, layer of radioactively contaminated graphite is loaded and it is ignited in oxidizing medium, generated by the plasma of plasma torch furnace. Then, plasma torch is turned off and the fragmented metallic waste is loaded into the furnace, downward, from top to bottom, alternately by each layer.

URL: http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/243/2435241.html

Radiation treatment of patients with primary pediatric malignancies: risk of developing thyroid cancer as a secondary malignancy

Title: Radiation treatment of patients with primary pediatric malignancies: risk of developing thyroid cancer as a secondary malignancy

Author: Rose, Jessica / Wertheim, Betsy C. / Guerrero, Marlon A.

Reference: The American Journal of Surgery, 204 (6), p.881-887, Dec 2012

doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2012.07.030

Keywords: Thyroid cancer , Pediatric malignancies , Radiation treatment

Abstract: …during the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear power…accident developed thyroid cancer sooner than patients…years after the Chernobyl accident, the…incidence of pediatric thyroid cancer was 62 times higher…accident. The Chernobyl population also…

URL: http://www.americanjournalofsurgery.com/article/S0002-9610(12)00465-5/abstract