タグ「Transfer factor」
Author: Dementyev Dmitry V., Bolsunovsky Alexander Ya.
Reference: Journal of Siberian Federal University
ISSN: 1997-1389
DOI: 579.5:539.752+577(T2-575):582.16
Keywords: radionuclides; transfer factor; mushrooms; shrubs
Abstract: The study addresses accumulation of radionuclides by mushrooms and berry shrubs from the forest soil in the area around the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (the Krasnoyarskii Krai, Russia). The Suillus granulatus and S. luteus mushrooms have been found to be the best bioindicators in this area. The level of 137Cs concentration in these species can reach 10 kBq/kg dry mass. The 137Cs transfer factor (TF) by the mushrooms varies 5-fold among the sites that receive radionuclides from different sources. The level of radionuclide activities accumulated by berry shrubs is 2-3 orders of magnitude lower than the activities accumulated by mushrooms. Based on the calculated TFs, the distribution of 137Cs and 60Co among the parts of these shrubs is as follows: branches
URL: http://journal.sfu-kras.ru/en/article/1460/178
Author: Varfolomeeva K.V.
Reference: Gazette “ РАДИАЦИОННАЯ ГИГИЕНА“ (Radiation Hygiene), 2008
ISSN: 1998-426x
Keywords: FOREST ECOSYSTEM, TROPHIC CHAINS, SOIL AND CLIMATE CHARACTERISTICS, TRANSFER FACTOR, RADIONUCLIDES MIGRATION, EXPOSURE DOSES
Abstract: Chernobyl accident has influenced greatly all spheres of life of the affected territories, changing the life-style of the local population. [1, 2]. Investigation of the radionuclides behavior in natural conditions becomes more and more important which is connected with the fact that radionuclides are drawn into substances rotation and are actively accumulated by the plants and animals, that means that they become integral link of the food chains and are of a great importance in the functioning of the ecosystems. Deposition of radionuclides in the forest system is often higher than in agricultural arrears. Specific ecological features of the forests often lead to the high degree of accumulation of contaminating radionuclides. Organic matter high content in the forest soil and its stability increase the transfer of radionuclides from soil into plans which lead to high content of radionuclides in lichens, mosses, mushrooms and berries. Radionuclides transfer to game in such conditions could bring to the situation when some people actively consuming game meet will be highly exposured
URL: http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=11992069
Title: Transfer of radiocesium from uncultivated soils to grass after the Chernobyl accident
Author: Z. Pietrzak-Flis, P. Krajewski, G. Krajewska, N.R. Sunderland
Reference: Science of The Total Environment, Volume 141, Issues 1–3, 25 January 1994, Pages 147-153
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(94)90024-8
Keywords: Radiocesium; Grass; Soil; Transfer factor; Chernobyl
Abstract: Transfer of radiocesium from uncultivated peat, loam and two sandy soils to grass in northeastern Poland was evaluated. Samples of grass and soil were collected from the same area of about 100 m2 in the period from June 1988 to November 1991 twice a year. Grass was sampled from 1 m × 1 m squares by cutting to the plant base. Afterwards core samples of soil were taken from an area of 132.73 cm2. 134Cs, 137Cs and 40K were determined by gamma spectrometry. The average concentration of 137Cs (to 10 cm depth) in the studied areas was in the range from 22.8 ± 2.5 Bq kg−1 to 154.3 ± 13.7 Bq kg−1. The average concentration of this radionuclide in grass varied from 6.76 ± 0.99 Bq kg−1 dry weight (dry wt.) to 152.6 ± 37.4 Bq kg−1 dry wt and depended upon the type of soil. The transfer of radiocesium to grass in the studied soils decreased in the following order: Sand I > peat > Sand II > loam. The results indicated that apart from soil, other parameters also influenced the transfer of radiocesium to grass. It has been found that 134Cs from Chernobyl is more available to grass than 137Cs from nuclear weapon tests.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0048969794900248
Title: Changes in the forms of 137Cs and its availability for plants as dependent on properties of fallout after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident
Author: N.I. Sanzharova, S.V. Fesenko, R.M. Alexakhin, V.S. Anisimov, V.K. Kuznetsov, L.G. Chernyayeva
Reference: Science of The Total Environment, Volume 154, Issue 1, 1 September 1994, Pages 9-22
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(94)90609-2
Keywords: Chernobyl NPP; Radionuclide; Forms in soil; Availability; Transfer factor; Ecological half line
Abstract: The dynamics of exchangeable and acid soluble 137Cs content in soils, as well as 137Cs transfer factors for natural vegetation were studied for different sites within a 50-km zone around the Chernobyl nuclear power plant after the 1986 accident. Changes in 137Cs forms in soils during the 6 years after the accidental release of radioactive substances and availability of this radionuclide to plants at that time were dependent on the character of radioactive fallout (fuel particles, aerosols of different dispersion) and soil type. Transformation of different 137Cs species in soils with time after the accident was observed (destruction of fuel particles, ageing of 137Cs and changes in the 137Cs sorption strength of the soil solid phase). Behaviour of 137Cs in the ‘near’ and ‘remote’ zones was different. The content of exchangeable 137Cs in soils was found to have decreased after the accident. The average half-life of 137Cs in grass stand in dry meadow in the ‘remote’ zone is 3.5 years, and in the second (slower) period after the accident, this half-life for 137Cs will amount to about 17 years. The 137Cs transfer factors for peaty swamped soils were 3.7–6.6 times as high as for soils of automorphous series.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0048969794906092
