カテゴリー「contamination and decontamination」
Author: Mel’chenko A.I., Zhivchikov V.G., Mel’chenko E.A.
Reference: Gazette “ТРУДЫ КУБАНСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО АГРАРНОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА“ (Proceedings of Kuban State Agrarian University), 2011
ISSN: 1999-1703
DOI: 504.53.062.4
Keywords: 134cs, 238u, accumulation, agricultural products
Abstract: Article on detailed experiments, as well as its prevention, on accumulation of radionuclides 134cs and 238u in bracts and cabbages.
URL: http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=17050712
Author: Goryachev I. V., Gnedenko V. G., Kuznetsov V. D.
Reference: Gazette “АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНАЯ ЭНЕРГЕТИКА И ЭКОЛОГИЯ“ (alternative energetics and ecology) , 2006
ISSN: 1608-8298
Keywords: remediation, decontamination, Kurcharov Institute
Abstract: A short article on remediation of radioactive waste. The author Goryachev and Gnedenko are members of the Kurcharov Institute, Russia’s leading research centre of nuclear energy. In the Soviet regime the institute was a centre for developing nuclear weapons. Most soviet nuclear reactors were built under the surveillance of the institute.
URL: http://isjaee.hydrogen.ru/pdf/5_2006gnedenko_rus.pdf (full article available)
Author: Andreev B.M., Aref’ev D.G., Baranov V.Yu., Bednyakov V.A., Voinova S.E., Kodina G.E., Lisitsa V.S., Kozlova E.I., Kukulin V.I., Orekhov V.T., Nagaev I.Yu., Pesnya A.V., etc
Reference: Monograph publisher: “Физико-математическая литература” (physic-mathematic literature), Moscow, 2005
ISBN: 978-5-9221-05224
Keywords: isotope
Abstract: This is a book concentrating on research of isotope. Contains dissertations from leading professionals to postgraduate students.
URL: http://mirknig.com/knigi/estesstv_nauki/1181546168-izotopy-svoystva-poluchenie-primenenie.html
Author: Andreev B.M., Aref’ev D.G., Baranov V.Yu., Bednyakov V.A., Voinova S.E., Kodina G.E., Lisitsa V.S., Kozlova E.I., Kukulin V.I., Orekhov V.T., Nagaev I.Yu., Pesnya A.V., etc
Reference: Monograph publisher: “Физико-математическая литература” (physic-mathematic literature), Moscow, 2005
ISBN: 978-5-9221-05231
Keywords: isotope
Abstract: This is a book concentrating on research of isotope. Contains articles and dissertations from leading professionals to postgraduate students.
URL: http://mirknig.com/knigi/estesstv_nauki/1181546168-izotopy-svoystva-poluchenie-primenenie.html
Author: Petrova T.B., Vlasov V.K., Miklyaev P.S.
Reference: Gazette “АНРИ “, 2009
ISSN: 2075-1338
Keywords: introduction of manifold literature, environment, contamination
Abstract: There have been a great amount and range of literature published about “Chernobyl”, from scientific ones to fiction. In this journal we should like to present the manifold of the literature. Nonetheless, we pay special attention to literarute concerning contamination of environment by radionuclides, such as migration of radionuclides, ecologic consequences of the accident etc.
URL: http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=12873335
Author: Petrova T.B., Vlasov V.K., Miklyaev P.S.
Reference: Gazette “АНРИ “, 2009
ISSN: 2075-1338
Keywords: introduction of manifold literature, environment, contamination
Abstract: There have been a great amount and range of literature published about “Chernobyl”, from scientific ones to fiction. In this journal we should like to present the manifold of the literature. Nonetheless, we pay special attention to literarute concerning contamination of environment by radionuclides, such as migration of radionuclides, ecologic consequences of the accident etc.
URL: http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=12512487
Author: Vikt. L. Barsukov, M. V. Borisov
Reference: Gazette “ ГЕОХИМИЯ “ (geochemistry), 2005
ISSN: 0016-7525
Keywords: natural waters, transuranic elements
Abstract: Dissolution of solid phases of polyvalent Am, Np, and Pu in various natural waters was studied with the aid of computer thermodynamic models. The solubility of each particular phase of the transuranic elements (TUE) varies by many orders of magnitude depending on the type of water. The speciation of dissolved TUE in waters of different types is very distinctive. Free Am3+, , Pu3+, or ions dominate in some waters, whereas in other cases, the most abundant species may be hydroxo complexes, AmOH2+, , , NpO2OH0, PuOH2+, and , or carbonate, sulfate, and chloride complex ions of polyvalent TUE. Both waters and TUE phases are significantly changed during equilibration. Shifts in the pH and Eh values of water in contact with TUE phases promote partial precipitation of major components and thus change the salt composition of water. In turn, many solid TUE phases are unstable in contact with water. All Np phases are usually replaced in the models by the least soluble phase, NpO2(c), while all Pu phases are replaced by the dioxide PuO2(c). Various Am phases at the contact with various types of water are also largely transformed into a single phase: AmO2(c), Am(OH)3(c), Am carbonate, or Am hydroxycarbonate. The solubility and speciation of TUE in water reacting with the sum of Am, Np, Pu, and U solid phases are different compared with the interaction of the same water with each particular TUE. The results of our modeling can be used to elucidate the migration ability of TUE in natural waters, including the possible formation of colloidal TUE phases, and to estimate the effects of external factors, e.g., variations in R/W (integral ratio of the reacted masses of solid phase, R, and water, W) and local shifts in pH and Eh.
URL: http://www.maikonline.com/maik/showArticle.dopii=S0016702905120049&leftmenu=no
Author: Geras’kin S. A., Fesenko S. V., Alexakhin R. M.
Reference: ScienceDirect, 2008
ISSN:
DOI: 574.415:539.1.04:[614.876:631.03958]
Keywords: soil, contamination, plants, animals, dose-effect relationship
Abstract: The area affected by the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident in 1986 has become a unique test site where long-term ecological and biological consequences of a drastic change in a range of environmental factors as well as trends and intensity of selection are studied in natural settings. The consequences of the Chernobyl accident for biota varied from an enhanced rate of mutagenesis to damage at the ecosystem level. The review comprehensively brings together key data of the long-term studies of biological effects in plants and animals inhabiting over 20 years the Chernobyl NPP zone. The severity of radiation effects was strongly dependent on the dose received in the early period after the accident. The most exposed phytocenoses and soil animals’ communities exhibited dose dependent alterations in the species composition and reduction in biological diversity. On the other hand, no decrease in numbers or taxonomic diversity of small mammals even in the most radioactive habitat was shown. In a majority of the studies, in both plant and animal populations from the Chernobyl zone, in the first years after the accident high increases in mutation rates were documented. In most cases the dose–effect relationships were nonlinear and the mutation rates per unit dose were higher at low doses and dose rates. In subsequent years a decline in the radiation background rate occurred faster than reduction in the mutation rate. Plant and animal populations have shown signs of adaptation to chronic exposure. In adaptation to the enhanced level of exposure an essential role of epigenetic mechanisms of gene expression regulation was shown. Based on the Chernobyl NPP accident studies, in the present review attempts were made to assess minimum doses at which ecological and biological effects were observed.
URL: http://www.utm.utoronto.ca/~w3bio/bio464/lectures/lectures_assets/ChernobylEffectsonNonhumans.pdf (full dissertation in English available online)
Author: Petin V.G., Dergacheva I.P., Zhurakovskaya G.P.
Reference: Bulletin “РАДИАЦИЯ И РИСК” (Radiation and risk), 2001
ISSN: 0131-3878
Keywords: ionizing radiation, hazardous factors, combined effect environment
Abstract: The Chernobyl accident and other radiation-related accidents are characterized by involvement of a variety of hazardous factors which aggravate the damaging action of ionizing radiation. The synergetic effect of different agents can exacerbate anticipated consequences of an accident. This review attempts to establish regularities in biological responses to the combined effect of ionizing radiation and other hazardous environmental factors of chemical, biological or physical nature. A series of universal features accounting for responses of different cell-systems, animals and people have been identified. These features do not depend on the nature of an agent used in conjunction with ionizing radiation or test-system and biological object under study. A conclusion is made regarding a possible significance of the synergetic effect resulting from interaction of various agents for enhancing consequences of the Chernobyl accident.
URL: http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=9950605
Author: Balonov M.I.
Reference: Bulletin “РАДИАЦИЯ И РИСК” (Radiation and risk), 2006
ISSN: 0131-3878
Keywords: radiation level in environment, radioecology
Abstract: The Chernobyl Forum (September, 2005) concluded that in 20 years after the Chernobyl accident along with reduction of radiation levels and accumulation of humanitarian consequences severe social and economic depression of the affected regions and associated serious psychological problems became the most significant problems. The majority of the 600000 emergency and recovery operation workers and five million residents of the contaminated areas in Belarus, Russia and Ukraine received relatively minor radiation doses which are comparable with the natural levels. An exception is a cohort of several hundred emergency and recovery operation workers who received high radiation doses, of whom 28 died in 1986 due to acute radiation sickness and it consequences. Except dramatic increase in thyroid cancer morbidity in those exposed to radioiodine in their childhood and some increase in leukaemia and solid cancer morbidity among emergency and recovery operation workers with high radiation dose no evident growth of radiation-associated cancer diseases and leukaemia was detected in other groups of population. Radiation levels in the environment have reduced by a factor of several hundred since 1986, this ensures that the majority of the previously contaminated land in now safe for life and economic activities. Despite unprecedented scale and character of the Chernobyl accident its consequences for health and life of the affected population are significantly less compared with A-bombing in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Findings of research of consequences of the Chernobyl accident made invaluable contribution to the development of nuclear technology and safety, radioecology, radiation medicine, radiological protection and social sciences. The Chernobyl accident initiated development of the global nuclear safety and radiation protection regime.
URL: http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=11730468
