Title: Radioactive contamination of the environment with241Am as a result of the chernobyl accident
Author: Ivanov, E. A. / Ramzina, T. V. / Kham’yanov, L. P. / Vasil’chenko, V. N. / Korotkov, V. T. / Nosovskii, A. V. / Oskolkov, B. Ya.
Reference: Atomic Energy, 77 (2), p.629-634, Aug 1994
DOI: 10.1007/BF02407438
Title: SUBCHRONIC EXPOSURE OF BALB/C AND C57BL/6 STRAINS OF MUS MUSCULUS TO THE RADIOACTIVE ENVIRONMENT OF THE CHORNOBYL, UKRAINE EXCLUSION ZONE.
Author: Rodgers, Brenda E.; Chesser, Ronald K.; Wickliffe, Jeffrey K.; Phillips, Carleton J.; Baker, Robert J.
Reference: Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry. Dec2001, Vol. 20 Issue 12, p2830-2835. 6p. 1
DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620201223
Keywords: RADIATION; HEALTH; MICE; BLOOD; NUCLEOLUS; RADIOISOTOPES
Abstract: Environmental contamination resulting from the Chornobyl, Ukraine, disaster offers a unique opportunity to examine the in vivo biological effects of chronic, low-dose exposure to radiation. Laboratory studies of acute exposure to ionizing radiation have been used to estimate risk and potential human health effects by the extrapolation of laboratory data to situations of low-dose environmental radiation exposure. Few studies, however, have explored the biological consequences of low-dose exposure via in situ environmental radiation in a sentinel species. In the present study, laboratory strains of Mus musculus (BALB/c and 57BL/6) were placed in environmental enclosures in the Red Forest region of the Chornobyl exclusion zone.
URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/etc.v20:12/issuetoc
Title: Microsatellite mutations show no increases in the children of the Chernobyl liquidators
Author: Furitsu, Katsumi; Ryo, Haruko; Yeliseeva, Klaudiya G.; Thuy, Le Thi Thanh; Kawabata, Hiroaki; Krupnova, Evelina V.; Trusova, Valentina D.; Rzheutsky, Valery A.; Nakajima, Hiroo; Kartel, Nikolai; Nomura, Taisei.
Reference: Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology & Environmental Mutagenesis. Mar2005, Vol. 581 Issue 1/2, p69-82. 14p.
DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2004.11.002.
Keywords: Radiation-induced germline microsatellite mutations; Liquidator; Chernobyl; Ionizing radiation
Abstract: We performed a study on Belarusian “liquidators”, exploring whether increase in the frequencies of germline mutations at microsatellite loci could be found in their progeny. The liquidators, mostly young males, were those involved (during 1986 and 1987) in clean-up operations in the radioactively contaminated area following the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident in 1986. Many liquidators fathered children during the clean-up period and after the work had been terminated. The numbers of families studied were 64 (liquidators) and 66 (controls). A total of 72 loci (31 autosomal, one X-linked and 40 Y-linked) were used. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes and the microsatellite loci were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction with fluorescence-labelled primers. Mutations were detected as variations in the length of the loci.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1383571804003006
Title: The Accident at the Chernobyl‘ Nuclear Power Plant and Its Consequences.
Author: Lewis, H. W.
Reference: Environment. Nov86, Vol. 28 Issue 9, p25. 3p.
Keywords: CHERNOBYL Nuclear Accident, Chornobyl, Ukraine, 1986, RADIOACTIVE pollution, NUCLEAR power plants — Accidents, NUCLEAR reactor accidents
Abstract: Reviews the report ‘The Accident at the Chernobyl‘ Nuclear Power Plant and Its Consequences,’ by the USSR State Committee on the Utilization of Atomic Energy. Description of the reactor at Chernobyl and how the accident during testing happened; Estimate of the damage to the population and the environment; Radiation; How the report demonstrates a new showing of openness and candor by the Soviets, according to the reviewer.
URL: Academic Search Premier
Title: Downward migration of radiocaesium in organic soils across a transect in Scotland
Author: Shand, C.A.; Rosén, K.; Thored, K.; Wendler, R.; Hillier, S.
Reference: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. Jan2013, Vol. 115, p124-133. 10p.
doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.08.003.
Keywords: Chernobyl; Clay minerals; Pollution; Radioactivity; X-ray diffraction; 137Cs
Abstract: ► In 1986 the Chernobyl accident contaminated soils across Europe with 137Cs. ► In 2008/2010 we measured 137Cs in 8 peaty soils from a transect across Scotland. ► The 137Cs activities were between 2.8 and 14.4 kBq m−2, decay corrected to 1986. ► The mean migration depths of 137Cs were between 8.2 and 17.4 cm. ► Clay minerals alone in the soils did not control the downward migration of 137Cs.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265931X12002020
Title: Remote sensing the radionuclide contaminated Belarusian landscape: a potential for imaging spectrometry?
Author: Boyd, D. S.; Entwistle, J. A.; Flowers, A. G.; Armitage, R. P.; Goldsmith, P. C.
Reference: International Journal of Remote Sensing. 5/20/2006, Vol. 27 Issue 10, p1865-1874. 10p. 2
doi: 10.1080/01431160500328355.
Keywords: REMOTE sensing; RADIOISOTOPES; LANDSCAPES; SPECTROMETRY; CHERNOBYL Nuclear Accident, Chornobyl, Ukraine, 1986; BELARUS
Abstract: The 1986 Chernobyl accident resulted in radionuclide contamination (dominated by 137 Cs) across large areas of Belarus. Consequences of this accident continue to affect Belarus long after initial contamination, which in turn has placed strain upon social, economic and political infrastructures. One method to reduce this strain and remediate contamination is to return areas of land no longer posing a risk, back to an appropriate use. As a method of remediation, this requires regular and accurate monitoring of the landscape at which existing ground based techniques have not been entirely well‐suited. Remote sensing, specifically the use of imaging spectrometry offers the potential to monitor the Belarusian landscape at opportune spatial and temporal resolutions. Vegetation has been shown to be an important agent in the cycling of radioactive isotopes in the environment and therefore a useful indicator of radionuclide contamination.
URL:http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/tandf/tres/2006/00000027/00000010/art00001
Title: Ecological disaster area: The Chernobyl case study.
Author: Kolbasov, Oleg S.
Reference: Boston College Environmental Affairs Law Review. Spring92, Vol. 19 Issue 3, p637. 4p.
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11166-007-9016-7
Keywords: CHERNOBYL Nuclear Accident, Chornobyl, Ukraine, 1986
Abstract: The accident at the Chernobyl atomic power station on April 26, 1986, was dangerous and vast, with long-term adverse consequences. It now is viewed as one of the national disasters of the century. The most significant damage resulting from the accident was the radioactive contamination of an enormous amount of territory, where conditions became harmful to life. Equally damaging have been the losses and discomforts that residents of the contaminated areas have endured. The incident gave rise to the necessity of developing a special legal regime for the damaged territories and creating a new legal institute to defend people in the Chernobyl “ecological disaster area”. Without considering all of the circumstances and consequences of the Chernobyl accident, I would like to describe in brief the essential factual and legal features of the Chernobyl ecological disaster area.
URL: Academic Search Premier
Title: Neutron- and photon-activation detection limits in breast milk analysis for prospective dose evaluation of the suckling infant.
Author: Tsipenyuk, Yu.M.; Firsov, V.I.; Cantone, M.C.
Reference: Applied Radiation & Isotopes. Jan2009, Vol. 67 Issue 1, p152-154. 3p.
doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2008.07.019.
Keywords: Photon-activation analysis; Neutron-activation analysis; Microtron; Detection limits
Abstract: Complex situations related to the environment, as in the regions affected by the Chernobyl accident and regions in which nuclear weapons testing were undertaken, as in Semipalatinsk, could be reflected in the trace element content in mothers’ milk. The evaluation of fractional transfer to milk of ingested or inhaled activity and of the corresponding dose coefficients for the infant, following a mothers’ radioactive intake, can take advantage from wide-ranging studies of elemental and radionuclide contents in mothers’ milk. In this work the possibility to determine elements, such as Ru, Zr, Nb, Te, Ce, Th, U, in milk powder has been investigated. Although results from elemental analyses of breast milk are to be found in the literature, the determination of the identified elements has attracted poor attention since they are not considered essential elements from a biological point of view. Nevertheless, in the case of radioactive releases to the environment, such data could be of interest in evaluation of dose to the breast-fed infant.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969804308004053
Title: The low-dose phenomenon: How bystander effects, genomic instability, and adaptive responses could transform cancer-risk models.
Author: Hill, Colin K.
Reference: Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. May2012, Vol. 68 Issue 3, p51-58. 8p.
doi: 10.1177/0096340212444874.
Keywords: adaptive response, bystander effect, cancer risk, genomic instability, low dose, non-targeted effect, radiation
Abstract: From the atomic bomb dropped over Japan to nuclear accidents at Three Mile Island, Chernobyl, and the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, there is strong public demand for information on the cancer risks from radiation exposure. In this article, the author explores some of the biological phenomenon that could alter or confirm current concepts of low-dose effects. Reviewing bystander effects, adaptive responses, and genomic instability, the author writes that these phenomena could revolutionize conventional understanding of how to approach cancer risk assessments in low-dose, possibly protracted, environments. Though current consensus supports a linear no-threshold model, evidence suggests that these biological responses just may overturn that thinking.
Title: Determining the Chernobyl impact on sediments of a pre-Alpine lake with a very comprehensive set of data.
Author: Erlinger, Ch.; Lettner, H.; Hubmer, A.; Hofmann, W.; Steinhäusler, F.
Reference: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. Aug2008, Vol. 99 Issue 8, p1294-1301. 8p.
doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2008.03.012.
Keywords: 137Cs; 90Sr; 239+240Pu; 210Pb; Lake sediment; Radionuclide; Sediment dating; Chernobyl
Abstract: Man-made and natural radionuclides in Lake Wallersee were determined in the pre-Alpine environment at the northern slope of the Alps, which was heavily affected by the Chernobyl fallout in May 1986. The objective of this study was to get knowledge of location and quantity of man-made radionuclide input (especially 137Cs) generated in the Chernobyl accident to lake sediments.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265931X08000568