Title: THYROID RADIATION DOSE IN BRITAIN ARISING FROM THE CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT
Author: Tucker, Anthony / Bowlt, Colin
Reference: The Lancet, 328 (8517), p.1220-1221, Nov 1986
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(86)92229-4
Keywords:
Abstract: …radioiodine in the human thyroid? , Greatest concern…did they differ in thyroid status, mass, and…that the handful of thyroid cancers arising from Chernobyl radioiodine can be…buried within annual cancer figures. **This…
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673686922294
Title: Proliferative Activity of Human Thyroid Cells in Various Age Groups and Its Correlation with the Risk of Thyroid
Cancer after Radiation Exposure
Author: Ali G. Saad, Seena Kumar, Elaine Ron, Jay H. Lubin, Jerzy Stanek, Kevin E. Bove, Yuri E. Nikiforov
Reference: [PDF-275K]Jun 2009 The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 91(7):2672–2677
Keywords:
Abstract: …result of the Chernobyl accident exhibited…elevated risk of thyroid cancer (10 –12…age the risk of thyroid cancer was no longer…exposed after the Chernobyl accident, the incidence of thyroid cancer also was inversely…
URL: http://path.upmc.edu/people/ynlab/Publication%20PDFs/Saad2006TheJournalofClinicalEndocrinologyandMetabolism.pdf
Title: FEATURES One decade after Chernobyl: The basis for decisions A major international conference sums up the scientific understanding of the Chernobyl accident’s major consequences …
Reference: [PDF-838K] Jul 2007
Keywords: children diagnosis
Abstract: A highly significant increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer among those persons in the affected areas who were children in 1986 is the only clear evidence to date of a public health impact of radiation exposure caused by the Chernobyl accident. (In 1991, the report on the International Chernobyl Project had stated that “it is expected that there will be a radiogenic excess of thyroid cancer cases in the decades to come. This risk relates to thyroid doses received in the first months after the accident…” *.) This increase in incidence has been observed in Belarus and to a lesser extent in Ukraine and in the Russian Federation. The number of reported cases up to the end of 1995 is about 800 in children under 15 years old at the time of diagnosis; more than 400 of these cases were in Belarus. In most cases the diagnoses have been confirmed by international experts. …
URL: http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Magazines/Bulletin/Bull383/38304781423.pdf
Title: 100 Cancer incidence in the Republic of Belarus: from 1970 to 2030
Author: Veyalkin, I. / Averkin, Y.U. / Krasny, S.
Reference: European Journal of Cancer Supplements, 8 (5), p.26, Jun 2010
doi: 10.1016/S1359-6349(10)70908-3
Keywords:
Abstract: …level then. Thyroid cancer incidence…immediately after Chernobyl disaster…females. Thyroid cancer incidence…before-Chernobyl level in…level then. Thyroid cancer incidence…immediately after Chernobyl disaster…
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359634910709083
Title: Chernobyl: Assessment of Radiological and Health Impacts – 2002 Update of Chernobyl: Ten Years On
Reference: NUCLEAR ENERGY AGENCY ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT [PDF-993K] Jul 2008
Keywords: children
Abstract: Early in the development of the Chernobyl accident, it became obvious that the radioiodines were contributing significant thyroid doses (Il90), especially to children, and the then Soviet authorities made every effort not only to minimise doses, but also to record the thyroid doses as accurately as possible. The results of these measurements and dose reconstruction assessments indicated that some groups in the population received high doses to their thyroids, and that an increase in thyroid abnormalities, including cancer, was a very real possibility in the future. This was particularly true for children in the contaminated regions in Belarus, northern Ukraine and the Bryansk and Kaluga regions of the Russian Federation. These were not inconsequential thyroid doses and, as early as 1986, it was predicted by experts from the Soviet Union that the thyroid would be the target organ most likely to show evidence of radiation effects, especially an increased incidence of benign and malignant tumours.
URL: http://www.energie-fakten.de/pdf/chernobyl-nea-oecd-2005.pdf
Title: Ultrasound examination of thyroid diseases in children and adults living in Tula region of Russia
Author: Parshin, Vladimir S / Yamashita, Shunichi / Tsyb, Anatoly F / Narkhova, Nadegda P / Tarassova, Galina P / Ilyin, Aleksey A
Reference: International Congress Series, 1234, p.231-237, May 2002
doi: 10.1016/S0531-5131(01)00612-4
Keywords: Thyroid diseases; Ultrasound screening; Carcinoma; Chernobyl
Abstract: A medical team consisting of 36 specialists has examined 36 454 children and adults living in Tula region of Russia, where Cs-137 ground contamination levels are from 3.2 to 5.6 Ci/km2. A procedure of ultrasound thyroid screening was divided to medical and computer parts. The medical part included registration through individual thyroid examination; ultrasound examination of the thyroid of each person; repeated ultrasound examination of individuals with thyroid abnormalities; fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid, if needed, under ultrasound guidance and blood drawing; and physical examination by endocrinologist. The “Chart of ultrasound screening” was elaborated to summarize ultrasound findings and to simplify the documentation. The computer-based information system assured: database maintenance; saving thyroid images in digital format; providing the patients with the results of their examinations; and obtaining health statistics data. In summary, in the group of 5–9 years of age, no thyroid carcinomas were found; in age group of 10–14 years—0.013%; in age group of 15–19 years—0.044%; in age group of 20–29 years—0.091%; in age group of 30–39 years—0.121%; in age group of 40–49 years—0.553%; in age group of 50–59 years—0.349%.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0531513101006124
Title: Cytogenetic damage in lymphocytes of healthy and thyroid tumor-affected children from the Gomel region (Belarus)
Author: Roberto, Barale / Gemignani, Federica / Morizzo, Carmela / Lori, Adriana / Rossi, Annamaria / Antonelli, Alessandro / Di Pretoro, Giancarlo / (…) / Ballardin, Michela,
Reference: Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, 405 (1), p.89-95, Aug 1998
doi: 10.1016/S0027-5107(98)00118-3
Keywords: Chromosome aberration; Lymphocyte; Child; Thyroid tumor; Ionizing radiation; 137Cs; Chernobyl
Abstract: During 1994, 19 thyroid tumor-affected children and 17 healthy children from the Gomel region, one of the areas most polluted by the Chernobyl fallout, were analysed for (i) the presence of 137Cs in their urine and (ii) chromosome aberrations (CA) in circulating lymphocytes. They were compared with 35 healthy children from Pisa, Italy. Tumor-affected children showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher 137Cs levels in their urine as compared to healthy controls from the Gomel region. No radioactivity was found in urine from the Pisa controls. CA frequency was significantly higher in tumor-affected children compared to the Gomel controls, but was not significantly different between Gomel and Pisa controls. However, dicentric chromosomes were found in a significantly (p < 0.01) greater proportion in both affected and healthy Gomel children (3.4 and cells, respectively) as compared to the Pisa controls ( cells). Multiple regression analysis showed that the proportion of cells with acentric fragments, dicentric and ring chromosomes was significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with the amount of 137Cs excreted in their urine. These findings suggest that children from the Gomel region were still being exposed to radionuclides, which makes it possible to study a dose-effect relationship.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0027510798001183
Title: Molecular features of mitochondrial DNA in radiation-associated thyroid tumors
Author: Rogounovitch, Tatiana I. / Saenko, Vladimir A. / Shimizu-Yoshida, Yuki / Abrosimov, Aleksandr Yu. / Lushnikov, Eugeny F. / Roumiantsev, Pavel O. / Ohtsuru, Akira / (…) / Yamashita, Shunichi
Reference: International Congress Series, 1258, p.163-168, Nov 2003
doi: 10.1016/S0531-5131(03)01151-8
Keywords: Mitochondrial DNA; Large-scale deletions; Common deletion; Radiation-associated thyroid tumors
Abstract: DNA samples from tumor and normal thyroid tissues of adult patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and follicular adenoma (FA), who lived in the Chernobyl radioactive zones of Russia and control groups of Japanese patients with PTC, were quantitatively analyzed for the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content and prevalence of the common deletion (CD) and large-scale deletions (LSD). In most tumor tissues, level of mtDNA was elevated. CD and LSD were detected in every sample examined. The quantity of LSD in mtDNA was elevated in most tumor tissues, especially in the radiation-associated group of samples. Also in this group, in the tumor tissue of both PTC and FA, there was a highly significant positive correlation between the number of LSD and the level of relative mtDNA content. In contrast, in sporadic PTCs, this correlation did not occur. Normal tissue samples displayed a statistically insignificant tendency to negative association with relative mtDNA content. Thus, determination of the LSD levels and mtDNA content may be useful for the molecular distinction of radiation-associated and spontaneous thyroid tumors.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0531513103011518
Title: Internally deposited fallout from the Chernobyl reactor accident
Author: Schlenker, R.A.
Reference: Conference: Joint meeting of the American Nuclear Society and the Atomic Industrial Forum, Los Angeles, Jan 1987
Keywords:
Abstract: In our work with about 100 subjects resident in eastern Europe (mostly Poland) at the time of the Chernobyl reactor accident or traveling as tourists, /sup 131/I was readily detectable in the thyroid through mid-June, 1986, and was detectable in some subjects as late as early July, 9 to 10 weeks after the start of the accident. Among 42 subjects who were in eastern Europe on April 26, 1986, and in whom /sup 131/I was detectable, the median activity in the thyroid was 1.4 nCi at the time of measurement. When extrapolated back to April 26 using a single exponential retention function for the thyroid and an 8-day effective half-life, the median activity was 42 nCi. The frequency distribution resembled a lognormal distribution. The extrapolated activities lay between approximately 2 and 1200 nCi. The risk levels derived from these observations of internal radioactivity and my conservative dose projection assumptions are as much as 10 times less than the risk levels published in the lay press during the months following the accident. This underscores the importance of basing risk estimation for internal radioactivity on direct observations. 2 refs., 1 tab.
URL: http://www.osti.gov/bridge/product.biblio.jsp?query_id=2&page=0&osti_id=5689382
Title: final_chernob_report_2011.pdf Health Effects of Chernobyl 25 years after the reactor catastrophe
Author: Sebastian Pflugbeil, Henrik Paulitz, Angelika Claussen, Inge Schmitz-Feuerhake,
Reference: Health effects of Chernobyl | IPPNW and GFS Report April 2011 [PDF-927K]
Keywords:
Abstract: …43 5. Thyroid cancer and other thyroid diseases…45 6.1 The Chernobyl region…include cases of thyroid cancer among liquidators. 14. After Chernobyl, infant mortality…
URL: http://www.nirs.org/reactorwatch/accidents/chernob_report2011webippnw.pdf
