- Title: Customisation of the decision support system MOIRA-PLUS for applications to the marine environment
Author: Luigi Monte
Reference: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity Dec. 2011, vol.102, no.12, pp. 1112-16.
doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.08.003
Keywords: Freshwater ecosystem; Marine environment; Radionuclides; Models; Decision support systems
Abstract: ► MOIRA-PLUS is a decision system (DS) originally designed for lakes and rivers. ► It can be applied to fresh water systems contaminated with 137Cs and 90Sr. ► The new version of the DS here described can be applied to the marine environment. ► An application of MOIRA-PLUS to the Mediterranean Sea is discussed.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265931X11001792
- Title: Short- and long-term patterns of 137Cs in fish and other aquatic organisms of small forest lakes in southern Finland since the Chernobyl accident
Author: Martti Rask, Ritva Saxén, Jukka Ruuhijärvi, Lauri Arvola, Marko Järvinen, Ulla Koskelainen, Iisa Outola, Pekka J. Vuorinen
Reference: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity Jan. 2012, vol.103, no.1, pp. 41-7.
doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.08.002
Keywords: 137Cs, Chernobyl fallout, Forest lakes, Freshwater fish, Crustacean zooplankton, Asellus aquaticus
Abstract: ► In summer 1986 highest 137Cs levels in planktivore fishes of short food chains. ► Since 1987 highest 137Cs were recorded in predatory fish of highest trophic levels. ► High variation found also in 137Cs of crustacean zooplankton and Asellus aquaticus. ► In long-term fish 137Cs higher in clear seepage lakes than in humic drainage lakes. ► Increased transfer of 137Cs into fish in seepage lakes was the reason suggested.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265931X09001635
Title: A review and test of predictive models for the bioaccumulation of radiostrontium in fish
Author: Smith, J.T.; Sasina, N.V.; Kryshev, A.I.; Belova, N.V.; Kudelsky, A.V.
Reference: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. Nov2009, Vol. 100 Issue 11, p950-954. 5p.
doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2009.07.005
Keywords: Radiostrontium; 90Sr; 89Sr; Fish; Bioaccumulation; Concentration factor; Model; Size effect
Abstract: Empirical relations between the 90Sr concentration factor (CF) and the calcium concentration in freshwater aquatic systems have previously been determined in studies based on data obtained prior to the Chernobyl accident. The purpose of the present research is to review and compare these models, and to test them against a database of post-Chernobyl measurements from rivers and lakes in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus and Finland. It was found that two independently developed models, based on pre-Chernobyl empirical data, are in close agreement with each other, and with empirical data. Testing of both models against new data obtained after the Chernobyl accident confirms the models’ predictive ability. An investigation of the influence of fish size on 90Sr accumulation showed no significant relationship, though the data set was somewhat limited.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265931X09001635
- Title: The effects of radioactive pollution on the dynamics of infectious diseases in wildlife
Author: Morley, N.J.
Reference: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, April 2012, vol.106, pp. 81-97
doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.12.019
Keywords: Pathogens; Parasites; Pollution; Radiation; Radionuclides; Chernobyl
Abstract: ► Infectious diseases are important regulating factors in the way wildlife respond to contaminants. ► An assessment of the effects of radioactive exposure to host–pathogen relationships in animals is given. ► Radioactive exposure has a profound effect on host–pathogen interactions. ► Both hosts and pathogens may be either negatively or positively affected by radioactive contamination.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265931X11003146
- Title: Accumulation of potassium, rubidium and caesium (133Cs and 137Cs) in various fractions of soil and fungi in a Swedish forest.
Author: Vinichuk, M.; Taylor, A.F.S.; Rosén, K.; Johanson, K.J.
Reference: Science of the Total Environment. May2010, Vol. 408 Issue 12, p2543-2548. 6p.
doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.02.024.
Keywords: Potassium; Rubidium; Caesium; 137Cs; Fungi; Mycelium; Forest soil; Rhizosphere
Abstract: Radiocaesium (137Cs) was widely deposited over large areas of forest in Sweden as a result of the Chernobyl accident in 1986 and many people in Sweden eat wild fungi and game obtained from these contaminated forests. In terms of radioisotope accumulation in the food chain, it is well known that fungal sporocarps efficiently accumulate radiocaesium (137Cs), as well as the alkali metals potassium (K), rubidium (Rb) and caesium (Cs). The fungi then enhance uptake of these elements into host plants.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004896971000135X
- Title: Do Chernobyl-like contaminations with 137Cs and 90Sr affect the microbial community, the fungal biomass and the composition of soil organic matter in soil?
Author: Niedrée, Bastian; Berns, Anne E.; Vereecken, Harry; Burauel, Peter
Reference: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. Apr2013, Vol. 118, p21-29. 9p.
doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.11.007
Keywords: Mineralization; Wheat straw; Cs-137; Sr-90; C-14; Chernobyl
Abstract: ► We observed the effects of Cs-137 and Sr-90 on microbial soil functions. ► The microbial community shifted slightly. ► The ergosterol content was not affected. ► The chemical composition of soil organic matter was also not affected. ► Effects caused by sterilization prevailed.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265931X12002639
- Title: Dynamics of radiation exposure to marine biota in the area of the Fukushima NPP in March–May 2011
Author: Kryshev, I.I.; Kryshev, A.I.; Sazykina, T.G.
Reference: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. Dec2012, Vol. 114, p157-161. 5p.
doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2012.04.015
Keywords: Fukushima; Radiation; Accident; Biota; Fish; Doses
Abstract: Estimates of radiation dose rates are presented for marine biota in March–May 2011 in the coastal zone near Fukushima NPP, and in the open sea. Calculations of fish contamination were made using two methods: a concentration factor approach, and a dynamic model. For representative marine organisms (fish and molluscs) the radiation dose rates did not exceed the reference level of 10 mGy/day. At a distance 30 km from the NPP, in the open sea the radiation doses for marine biota were much lower than those in the coastal zone near the NPP. Comparative estimates are presented for radiation doses to aquatic organisms in the exclusion zones of the Eastern Urals Radioactive Trail, and the Chernobyl NPP.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265931X12001117
Author: Eiliv Steinnes
Reference: AIP Conference Proceedings; 11/26/2007, Vol. 958 Issue 1, p23-27, 5p, 2 Charts
doi: 10.1063/1.2825796
Keywords: Radionuclide, Radiation exposure, Foodchains, Chernobyl accident, Norway.
Abstract: Radioecology is the subject dealing with the behaviour of radioactive substances in nature and how they affect plants, animals, and humans. The text discusses radionuclides of natural origin and their doses to man, artificially produced radionuclides and their most important sources, pathways of radionuclides in the environment, and transfer of radionuclides in foodchains. The importance of chemical speciation on the mobility of radionuclides in radioecology is particularly emphasized. Some radioecological problems in Norway following the Chernobyl accident are briefly discussed.
URL:http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=38fd6c54-e53b-4337-9378-d6d2a8f13f86%40sessionmgr113&vid=32&hid=126
- Title: Behavior of 110mAg and 103,106Ru in the environment after the Chernobyl accident
Author: Vuković, Ž.
Reference: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 38 (3), p.283-291, Jan 1998
doi: 10.1016/S0265-931X(97)00039-8
Keywords:
Abstract: The contamination from radionuclides originated from the Chernobyl accident in the processes of copper and noble metal production from the ore of open cut mining was investigated. Presence of 110mAg and 103,106Ru in copper roast and subsequent products was found having constant ratio (4.0 ± 1.2) × 10−2. A model of the transport mechanism of radionuclides as well as the value of contamination were considered.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265931X97000398
- Title: Time-dependent 241Am activity in the environment from decay of 241Pu released in the Chernobyl accident
Author: Muravitsky, A.V. / Razbudey, V.F. / Tokarevsky, V.V. / Vorona, P.N.
Reference: Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 63 (4), p.487-492, Oct 2005
doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2005.03.018
Keywords: Plutonium isotopes; Spectroscopy; Contamination
Abstract: The time-dependent activity of the alpha-emitting radionuclide 241Am, resulting from beta-decay of 241Pu present in the accidental release from Unit 4 of the Chernobyl NPP, has been studied. The ratios of the activity of 241Pu to those of 239, 240Pu and of 238, 239, 240Pu at the time of the accident have been derived as 69.6+0.6 and 47.1+0.4, respectively. Based on these results, a prediction of the future activity ratio 241Am/238,239,240Pu has been made, showing that it will increase slowly to the value 1 in the year 2005 and to a maximum value of 1.7 at the end of this century, followed by a gradual decrease.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096980430500179X
