Author: V.K. Ivanov, M.A. Maksioutov, S.Yu. Chekin et al.
Reference: Health Physics. — 2000. — Vol. 78, № 5. — P. 495–501.
Keywords: liquidator, Russian National Medical and Dosimetric Registry, cerebrovascular disease
Abstract: The work is concerned with assessment of radiation risks for non-cancer disease among the Chernobyl liquidators from 1986 to 1996. As of 1 January 1999, the Russian National Medical and Dosimetric Registry contains medical and dosimetric data for 174,000 liquidators. The cohort of 68,309 liquidators for whom best verified medical data are available is discussed. The dose dependency of incidence of non-cancer diseases was estimated by the cohort method and using the software package Epicure. For some classes of non-cancer diseases among liquidators, statistically significant estimates of radiation risk were derived for the first time. The highest excess relative risk per 1 Gy was found for cerebrovascular diseases; ERR Gy(-1)=1.17 at the 95% confidence interval (0.45; 1.88).
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10772021
Author: Y. Shimizu, K. Kodama, N. Nishi et al.
Reference: BMJ. — 2010. — Vol. 340. — b5349. doi: 10.1136/bmj.b5349.
Keywords: Atomic bomb, Hiroshima, Nagasaki, 50-years follow-up
Abstract: Objective To investigate the degree to which ionising radiation confers risk of mortality from heart disease and stroke.
Design: Prospective cohort study with more than 50 years of follow-up.
Setting: Atomic bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan.
Participants: 86 611 Life Span Study cohort members with individually estimated radiation doses from 0 to >3 Gy (86% received <0.2 Gy).
Main outcome measures Mortality from stroke or heart disease as the underlying cause of death and dose-response relations with atomic bomb radiation.
Results: About 9600 participants died of stroke and 8400 died of heart disease between 1950 and 2003. For stroke, the estimated excess relative risk per gray was 9% (95% confidence interval 1% to 17%, P=0.02) on the basis of a linear dose-response model, but an indication of possible upward curvature suggested relatively little risk at low doses. For heart disease, the estimated excess relative risk per gray was 14% (6% to 23%, P<0.001); a linear model provided the best fit, suggesting excess risk even at lower doses. However, the dose-response effect over the restricted dose range of 0 to 0.5 Gy was not significant. Prospective data on smoking, alcohol intake, education, occupation, obesity, and diabetes had almost no impact on the radiation risk estimates for either stroke or heart disease, and misdiagnosis of cancers as circulatory diseases could not account for the associations seen.
Conclusion: Doses above 0.5 Gy are associated with an elevated risk of both stroke and heart disease, but the degree of risk at lower doses is unclear. Stroke and heart disease together account for about one third as many radiation associated excess deaths as do cancers among atomic bomb survivors.
URL: http://www.bmj.com/content/340/bmj.b5349
Author: D. Bazyka, K. Loganovsky, I. Ilyenko et al.
Reference: Abstracts of the 15th World Congress of Psychohysiology «The Olympics of the Brain — IOP2010», Budapest, Aug 30 – Sep 04, 2010 // International Journal of Psychophysiology. — 2010. — Vol. 77, № 3. — P. 0251.
Abstract: Following low-level internal and external radiation, mild cognitive disorder and abnormal EEG increased, whereas verbal short-term memory, verbal learning, and proactive interference of verbal information deteriorated.
URL: http://www.ncf-net.org/radiation/aPsychophysiologicalNeuroimmuneGeneExprCFSandLDradiation.pdf
Title: Artificial radionuclides in the environment 2011
Author: Geochemical Research Department, Meteorological Research Institute (Japan)
Reference: ISSN 1348-9739, Dec. 2011 [Cited 6 March 2013.]
Keywords: radioactive fallout, Fukushima, Meteorological Research Institute (MRI, Japan), 137Cs
Abstract: [Since 1954, the Meteorological Research Institute (MRI, Japan), conducted a research on observation and measurement of environmental radioactivity, while understanding the reality of radioactive contamination in atmosphere and ocean, with the usage of transportation substance elucidation tracer.]
URL: http://www.mri-jma.go.jp/Dep/ge/ge_report/2011Artifi_Radio_report/index.html
Title: Radiocontamination of the environment and its effects on the mother and fetuses – III. Part II – Retention of cesium 137 by pregnant women, placentae and infants.
Author: Nagai T, Iinuma TA, Uchiyama M, Ishimara T, Yashiro S, Sternberg J.
Reference: Int J Appl Radiat Isot 1970; 21: 363–374.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-708X(70)90148-1
Keywords: radiocontamination, cesium 137, pregnancy
Abstract: In the mature placenta, concns. of stable K and 137Cs were 1.61 g/kg and 22 pCi/kg, resp. In pregnant women, the K content, determined by whole-body counting, followed the accumulation by the fetus, with the amount of 137Cs-remaining approx. constant at 3.4-4.7 nCi/kg. in the last 5 months before delivery. In infants, a linear relation was noted between total K and body weight, with a constant amount of K/kg. The 137Cs body burden was irregular. Doses from 137Cs in Osaka during the last trimester were 0.032, 0.02, and 0.016 millirem to mother, placenta, and fetus, resp., only ~1% of that received from naturally occurring 40K. Thus, the radiation received by the placenta from 137Cs is negligible.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0020708X70901481
Title: Radiocontamination of the Environment and its Effects on the Mother and Fetus III, PART I–RETENTION OF CESIUM 137 DURING PREGNANCY: AN INTER-LABORATORIES STUDY
Author: Sternberg J, Nagai T, Fujimori H, Kimura Y.
Reference: International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 1970, Vol. 21, pp. 351-362.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-708X(70)90147-X
Keywords: radiocontamination, environment, cesium 137, strontium 90, pregnancy
Abstract: The determination of cesium 137 and strontium 90 in human placments was carried out in different laboratories in Japan and Canada, in order to standardize the radioassay procedures. Placentas from normal term deliveries were collected and measured for a period of 12–16 months in the Tokyo and Osaka areas in Japan and in the Montreal area in Canada.
Two procedures required the ashing of the entire placenta prior to radioassay. In the Tokyo group, the ashed organ was placed in a two NaI crystal system, in an almost 4π geometry, and the γ radiation was measured. The Osaka group continues the chemical separation of cesium by precipitation with chloroplatinate; the β radiation is then further measured with an anticoincidence system.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0020708X7090147X#
Title: Distribution of oceanic 137Cs from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant simulated numerically by a regional ocean model
Author: Daisuke Tsumune, Takaki Tsubono, Michio Aoyama, Katsumi Hirose
Reference: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, Volume 111, September 2012, Pages 100–108
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.10.007
Keywords: Fukushima reactor accident; Regional ocean model; Release rate; 137Cs; 131I/137Cs activity ratio
Abstract: Radioactive materials were released to the environment from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant as a result of the reactor accident after the Tohoku earthquake and tsunami of 11 March 2011. The measured 137Cs concentration in a seawater sample near the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant site reached 68 kBq L−1 (6.8 × 104 Bq L−1) on 6 April. The two major likely pathways from the accident site to the ocean existed: direct release of high radioactive liquid wastes to the ocean and the deposition of airborne radioactivity to the ocean surface. By analysis of the 131I/137Cs activity ratio, we determined that direct release from the site contributed more to the measured 137Cs concentration than atmospheric deposition did.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265931X11002463
Title: Preliminary evaluation of the impact of the Chernobyl radiological contamination on the frequency of central nervous system malformations in 18 regions of Europe
Reference: Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, Volume 2, Issue 3, pages 253–264, July 1988
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3016.1988.tb00216.x
Keywords: human breast milk; Iodine-131; radioiodine
Abstract: The teratological impact of radiological contamination from the Chernobyl accident was evaluated in relation to central nervous system and eye defects in 18 regional registries in nine countries of Western Europe. Six classes of anomaly were analysed: neural tube defects, arhinencephaly, microcephaly and brain reduction, hydrocephaly, anophthalmos and microphthalmos, and congenital cataract. Conceptions up to 31 August 1986 were grouped into two exposure cohorts. In cohort A the sensitive period of fetal development to radiation fell wholly or partly between 1 May and 30 June 1986. Cohort B included all cases exposed during their sensitive period on or after 1 May 1986. Observed frequencies of the six classes of anomaly in the exposed cohorts were compared with expected frequencies calculated from baseline rates for the period 1980–1985. The only significant increase was neural tube defects in Odense, Denmark (four cases observed in cohort A where 0.9 were expected). The results of the study do not show a general increase in the frequency of malformations in the countries of Western Europe. The evidence presented indicates that, in the regions studied, termination of pregnancies or invasive prenatal diagnostic examinations were not justified for women exposed during pregnancy.
URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-3016.1988.tb00216.x/abstract
Title: Distant radiological consequences of the Chernobyl nuclear accident for the population of the Bryansk region: solid cancers
Author: Ivanov V.K., Drynova N.N., Vlasov O.K., Schukina N.V., Efendiev V.A.
Reference: Radiation and Lisk 2008、vol.17,No.4
Keywords: attributive risk, solid cancers, the population of the Bryansk region
Abstract: Prognosis of induction of radiation related solid cancers in population of the Bryansk oblast was made with the use of UNSCEAR model. It was found that the increase in the rate of all solid cancers could be up to 3 %. Calculated and actual data of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry were in good agreement. The contribution of radiation to increase of the rate of breast cancer in young women can be up to 10 %.
URL: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/otdalennye-radiologicheskie-posledstviya-avarii-na-chernobylskoy-aes-dlya-naseleniya-bryanskoy-oblasti-solidnye-raki
Reference: Scientific statements of Belgorod State University. Series: Medicine. Pharmacy 2011 Vol: 4 Issue: 13
Keywords: thyroid cancer
Abstract: Currently an increased incidence of cancer of the thyroid gland (TG) is observed in all countries of the world. Each year more than 120 thousand new cases of thyroid cancer, accounting for 1% of all malignant tumors, are diagnosed. The increase can not be explained merely by the increasing interest in the study of thyroid disorders, neither by improved methods of diagnosis. We compared the data of references (existing literature) to our research.
