Cytogenetic study on children living in Southern Urals contaminated areas (nuclear incidents 1948–1967)

Title: Cytogenetic study on children living in Southern Urals contaminated areas (nuclear incidents 1948–1967)

Author: A Testa, L Padovani, F Mauro, M Appolloni, P Anzidei, L Stronati

Reference: Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, Volume 401, Issues 1–2, 5 June 1998, Pages 193–197

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0027-5107(98)00008-6

Keywords: Southern Urals; Radiation exposure; Cytogenetics; Chromosome aberration

Abstract: As a result of the activities of the first Soviet plutonium production reactor, large territories of the Southern Urals were exposed to radioactive contamination. Three different incidents occurring between 1948 and 1967 lead to major exposure. A total of 280,000 people residing on the contaminated territories were exposed both to external and internal contamination particularly due to the long-lived radionuclides ¹³⁷Cs and ⁹⁰Sr. The highest doses were received by 28,000 people living on the Techa riverside villages. In the present paper 15 presumably exposed children coming from the Muslyumovo village on the Techa river have been analyzed using conventional cytogenetic procedure in order to assess a radiation-induced damage. The data obtained have been compared to a group of matched unexposed controls. The results show a statistical difference between the two cohorts which suggests a possible residual contamination representing a continuous hazard for the new generations.

ＵＲＬ：http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0027510798000086

Human cytogenetic consequences of the Chernobyl accident

Title: Human cytogenetic consequences of the Chernobyl accident

Author: V.A. Schevchenko, E.A. Akayeva, I.M. Yeliseyeva, T.V. Yelisova, E.L. Yofa, I.N. Nilova, A.B. Syomov,

W. Burkart

Reference: Mutation Research/Environmental Mutagenesis and Related Subjects, Volume 361, Issue 1, 26 September 1996, Pages 29–34

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-1161(96)90226-5

Keywords: Chernobyl; Radiation effect; Lymphocyte; Chromosome aberration; Automated dicentric analysis

Abstract: The frequency of chromosomal aberrations was evaluated in more than 500 liquidators of the Chernobyl accident. The ‘sarcophagus’ builders and the dosimetrists showed the highest frequency of aberrations per 100 cells: 3.24 ± 0.25 and 3.11 ± 0.43. For Chernobyl Atomic Power Station staff members the mean frequencies of aberrations per 100 cells was 2.37 ± 0.20. The mean yields of aberrations in the other groups was between 1.31 and 1.47 per 100 cells. If the mean frequencies of aberrations are converted into equivalent whole body doses, values between 136 and 414 mGy are obtained. Especially in the group of ‘sarcophagus’ builders, the yields of aberrations varied interindividually and corresponded to equivalent whole body doses of up to about 2 Gy.

ＵＲＬ：http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165116196902265

Molecular cytogenetic characterization of a human thyroid cancercell line

Title: Molecular cytogenetic characterization of a human thyroid cancercell line

Author: Weier, Heinz-Ulrich G. / Tuton, Tiffany B. / Ito, Yuko / Chu, LisaW. / Lu, Chung-Mei / Baumgartner, Adolf / Zitzelsberger, Horst F. / Weier, Jingly F.
Reference: Cytogenetics and Genome Research; Journal Volume: 114; Related Information: Journal Publication Date: 2006

Keywords: Thyroid cancer, Chernobyl, radiation effects, cytogenetics, structural chromosome aberrations, fluorescence in situ hybridization, spectral karyotyping, chromosome

Abstract: The incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) increases significantly after exposure of the head and neck region to ionizing radiation, yet we know neither the steps involved in malignant transformation of thyroid epithelium nor the specific carcinogenic mode of action of radiation. Such increased tumor frequency became most evident in children after the 1986 nuclear accident in Chernobyl, Ukraine. …To study the etiology of radiation-induced thyroid cancer, we formed an international consortium to investigate chromosomal changes and altered gene expression in cases of post-Chernobyl chPTC. Our approach is based on karyotyping of primary cultures established from chPTC specimens, establishment of cell lines and studies of genotype-phenotype relationships through high resolution chromosome analysis, DNA/cDNA micro-array studies, and mouse xenografts that test for tumorigenicity….

URL: http://www.osti.gov/bridge/purl.cover.jsp?purl=/901816-6SPdNw/