タグ「IQ」
Author: Loganovsky KN, Loganovskaja TK, Nechayev SY, Antipchuk YY, Bomko MA.
Reference: J. Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2008, 20 (3): 274–291.
Keywords:EEG patterns, children, mothers, WISC
Abstract: One hundred children, exposed prenatally to radiation after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident, and 50 non-exposed classmates were examined between the ages of 11 and 13 years old using neuropsychiatric tests, WISC, EEG, and visual evoked potentials. Individual prenatal radiation doses were reconstructed for all examined children. The exposed children were found to have more neuropsychiatric disorders, left-brain neurological signs, lower full-scale and verbal IQ, IQ discrepancies with verbal decrement, disorganized EEG patterns, an excess of lateralized-to-left frontotemporal region delta and beta power with depression of theta and alpha power, and interhemispheric inversion visual information processing. Mothers’ mental health, stress, and prenatal irradiation contributed to these effects, along with several confounding factors. (full text in English available on web.)
URL: http://neuro.psychiatryonline.org/article.aspx?articleID=103418
Author: Loganovsky K.N., Zdorenko L.L.
Reference: Clinical Neuropsychiatry. — 2012. — Vol. 9, № 5. — P. 187-194
Keywords: IQ, cognitive impairment, ARS
Abstract: Full text in English available on web.
URL: http://www.clinicalneuropsychiatry.org/pdf/Loganovsky_sito.pdf
Author: Igumnov S., Drozdovitch V.
Reference: Eur. Psychiatry. — 2000. — Vol. 15. № 4. — P. 244–253.
Keywords: thyroid dose, IQ, mental and behavioural disorders
Abstract: The study examined psychological development in 250 children at the age of 6-7 and 10-12 years who had been exposed in the prenatal period at the time of the Chernobyl accident in 1986. These children were compared to a control group of 250 children of the same age from non- and slightly contaminated areas of Belarus. The examination included psychiatric examination and intellectual assessment as well as the estimation of thyroid exposure in utero. The mean value of thyroid doses from (131)I 0.39 Gy was estimated for the prenatal exposed children. The children of the exposed group had a lower mean full-scale IQ compared to the control group (89.6 +/- 10.2 vs 92.1 +/- 10.5 at the age of 6-7 years, P = 0.007; and 94. 3 +/- 10.4 vs 95.8 +/- 10.9 at the age of 10-12 years, P = 0.117). Average IQ for the subgroup of highly exposed children (thyroid doses more than 1 Gy) was lower in comparison with average IQ for the whole exposed group (85.7 +/- 6.4 vs 89.6 +/- 10.2 at the age of 6-7 years, P = 0.014; 89.1 +/- 7.1 vs 94.3 +/- 10.4 at age 10-12 years, P = 0.003). No statistically significant distinctions in average IQ were found between the different subgroups of children in relation to the gestational age at the time of the Chernobyl accident. We notice a positive moderate correlation between IQ of children and the educational level of their parents (in exposed group – mothers: r = 0.50, P < 0.01 and fathers: r = 0.52, P < 0.01; in control group – mothers: r = 0.41, P < 0.05 and fathers: r = 0.42, P < 0.05). There was a moderate correlation between high personal anxiety in parents and emotional disorders in children (for mothers r = 0.38, P < 0.05; for fathers r = 0.43, P < 0.01). The relative risk of mental and behavioural disorders has been estimated for emotional disorders OR = 2.67, P < 0.001. The frequency of the formation of mental retardation, hyperkinetic disorders and other mental and behavioural disorders in children from both groups was approximately the same. We conclude that in the genesis of borderline intellectual functioning and emotional disorders in the exposed group of children a significant role was probably played by unfavourable social-psychological and sociocultural factors such as a low educational level of the parents, the break of microsocial contacts and difficulties adapting, which appeared following the evacuation and relocation from the contaminated areas.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10951608
Author: Igumnov S.
Reference: Activitas Nervosa Superior Rediviva. — 2009. — Vol. 51, № 1–2. — P. 55–60.
Keywords: BEA, Belorus, borderline EEG, IQ
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The study examined the formation of bioelectric activity (BEA) of the brain of 250 children at the age of 6–7, 10–12 and 15–16 years from regions highly contaminated by Chernobyl fallout, who were irradiated in the prenatal period at the time of the Chernobyl accident in 1986. These children were compared with a control group of 250 children of the same age from non-contaminated areas of Belarus.
METHODS: The examination included visual and computerized analysis of EEG as well as psychiatric examination and assessment of intellectual level.
RESULTS: In the both groups of children at the age of 6–7 the dominant were the variants of age norms (46.4% vs 44.8%; p=0.592) and synchronized (borderline) EEG (26.4% vs 28.0%; P=0.763). Quite noticeable was the relevant frequency of the slow type of EEG (19.2% vs 18.4%; p=0.820) as well as paroxysmal activity (8.0% vs 8.8%; p=0.830) in the both groups. At the age of 15–16 in the both groups we registered relevant decrease of index of θ- and δ-activity. The slow type of EEG in most cases was transformed into the age norm and synchronized type of EEG. The correlation analysis showed that the intellectual level of children (IQ) estimated by Wechsler Intelligence Scale (WISC-III) was in the direct proportion to spectral power of α-diapason in frontal lobes of the brain (r=0.38 in the both groups). Mental deficiency of children of the both groups was accompanied by the decreased level of the coherency of α-diapason. When comparing the results of BEA research with the dosimetric data we found no relevant correlation of these indices. The children with different EEG types did not demonstrate any relevant differences of medium doses of antenatal exposure.
CONCLUSIONS: The revealed changes of BEA of the brain show distinct age dependency. Their frequency in the cohort of persons exposed to antenatal irradiation did not have relevant differences from that in control group. (full text available on web)
URL: http://www.rediviva.sav.sk/51i12/55.pdf
Author: K.S. Heiervang, S. Mednick, K. Sundet, B.R. Rund
Reference: Scand. J. Psychol. — 2010. — Vol. 51, № 3. — 210–215.
Keywords: Norway, IQ, prenatal exposure
Abstract: Radiation from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant meltdown greatly affected several Norwegian counties. The cognitive consequences of in utero exposure to radiation from the Chernobyl accident have been intensely debated. This study examines the cognitive outcomes for those Norwegians who were exposed as fetuses to the fallout from Chernobyl. The participants, 84 adolescents who were exposed in utero to radiation from the most contaminated areas in Norway and 94 adolescents from areas not contaminated by the radiation, were tested on verbal and nonverbal IQ. Two data analyses were conducted. First, using a control-group design, the IQ scores of exposed and unexposed adolescents were compared. Second, in a timing-of-exposure design, those exposed during the most sensitive period were contrasted with those exposed later in gestation. Adolescents exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation in utero scored significantly lower in full-scale IQ than unexposed adolescents. The difference was restricted to verbal IQ and was not evident for nonverbal IQ. The effect was not observed in exposed adolescents who had passed the most sensitive gestational period prior to the accident and thus were exposed to the radiation from Chernobyl exclusively after gestational week 16. These participants performed as well as the controls. Although the results should be interpreted cautiously due to the study’s nonrandomized design, the data add new and important support to the hypothesis that the Chernobyl accident may have had a subtle effect on the cognitive functioning of those exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation in utero during the most sensitive gestational period.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20338021
Author: Douglas V. Almond; Lena Edlund; Marten Palme
Reference: New York, NY 10027: Department of Economics, Columbia University, 2007.
Keywords: Sweden, Japanese atomic bomb survivors, reduced IQ, Chernobyl, cognitive ability
Abstract: Japanese atomic bomb survivors irradiated 8-25 weeks after ovulation subsequently suffered reduced IQ [Otake and Schull, 1998]. Whether these findings generalize to low doses (less than 10 mGy) has not been established. This paper exploits the natural experiment generated by the Chernobyl nuclear accident in April 1986, which caused a spike in radiation levels in Sweden. In a comprehensive data set of 562,637 Swedes born 1983-1988, we find the cohort in utero during the Chernobyl accident had worse school outcomes than adjacent birth cohorts, and this deterioration was largest for those exposed approximately 8-25 weeks post conception. Moreover, we find larger damage among students born in regions that received more fallout: students from the eight most affected municipalities were 3.6 percentage points less likely to qualify to high school as a result of the fallout. Our findings suggest that fetal exposure to ionizing radiation damages cognitive ability at radiation levels previously considered safe. (full text available on web)
URL: http://academiccommons.columbia.edu/item/ac:114443
