タグ「Plutonium」
Title: Plutonium, 90Sr and 241Am in human bones from southern and northeastern parts of Poland
Author: Kamil Brudecki, Jerzy W. Mietelski, Robert Anczkiewicz, Edward B. Golec, Ewa Tomankiewicz,
Konstanty Kuźma, Paweł Zagrodzki, Joanna Golec, Sebastian Nowak, Elżbieta Szczygieł, Zbigniew Dudkiewicz
Reference: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, Volume 299, Issue 3 , pp 1379-1388
DOI: 10.1007/s10967-013-2850-y
Keywords: Plutonium, Americium, Strontium, Chernobyl, Mass spectrometry, Pu isotopic ratios, Human bones
Abstract: The paper presents the results of our study on 238Pu, 239Pu, 240Pu, 241Am and 90Sr concentration in human bones carried out on a set of 88 individual samples of central Europe origin. Bone tissue samples were retrieved under surgery while introducing hip joint implants. The conducted surgeries tend to cover either southern or northeastern parts of Poland. While for the southern samples only global fallout was expected to be seen, a mixed global and Chernobyl fallout were to be reflected in the others. Alpha spectrometry was applied to obtain activity concentration for 238Pu, 239+240Pu, 241Am, while liquid scintillation spectrometry for 90Sr and mass spectrometry to receive 240Pu/239Pu mass ratio. Surprisingly enough, and to the contrary to our expectations we could not see any significant differences in either Pu activity or Pu mass ratio between the studied populations. In both populations Chernobyl fraction proved marginal. The results on 90Sr and 241Am confirm similarities between the two examined groups.
ＵＲＬ：http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10967-013-2850-y
Title: Study on the rate of plutonium vertical migration in various soil types of Lublin region (Eastern Poland)
Author: Jolanta Orzeł, Andrzej Komosa
Reference: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, January 2014, Volume 299, Issue 1, pp 643-649
DOI: 10.1007/s10967-013-2774-6
Keywords: Plutonium isotopes, Alpha spectrometry, Migration rate, Soil profile
Abstract: Soil contamination level with 239+240Pu of Lublin region was determined using the alpha spectrometric method. Results were compared with similar data from the study performed 15 year earlier. Decrease in total 239+240Pu concentration and reducing quantity of Chernobyl fraction (up to almost negligible value of 1 %) has been observed in upper soil layer. Determination of 239+240Pu concentration in soil profile layers allows calculating a vertical migration velocity of plutonium applying a compartment migration model. It was found that 239+240Pu migration rate varies depending on soil type from 0.29 cm year−1 in Podsols to 0.58 cm year−1 in Fluvisols with mean value of 0.5 cm year−1.
ＵＲＬ：http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10967-013-2774-6
Title: Some aspects of minimize the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster
Author: Demichev D.M.
Reference: Journal “-АГРАРНОЕ И ЗЕМЕЛЬНОЕ ПРАВО» No.7 2010
ISSN: 1815-1329
Keywords: CHERNOBYL CATASTROPHE, THE ACCIDENT AT THE CHERNOBYL ATOMIC POWER STATION, THE MINIMIZATION OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE CATASTROPHE, RADIOACTIVE NUCLIDE, RADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES: STRONTIUM-90, CAESIUM-137, PLUTONIUM-239, THE PARTICIPATORS OF THE LIQUIDATION OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE CATASTROPHE, DISPLACED PERSONS
Abstract: In the article the social, economic, medical, legal consequences of the catastrophe of the Chernobyl atomic power station in the Republic of Belarus are investigated, the part of the state authorities of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus in the achievement of joint programs for overcoming the stated consequences are revealed, the proposals on perfection of functioning of the state-legal mechanism of minimization of the consequences of the Chernobyl catastrophe are substantiated.
URL: http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=15242449
Title: Evaluation and prediction of radiation-ecological state of the natural environment in the area of the Chernobyl contamination: the case of the Bryansk region.
Author: Starodubov, Alexey Valeryevich
Reference: Moscow, 2007
Keywords: area of long-term radioactive contamination, Bryansk region, safe living conditions, population, prediction, natural environment, plutonium, americium, cesium, strontium
Abstract: The main objective of the work is to establish a scientific and methodological framework for assessing and predicting the radiation situation in the area of long-term radioactive contamination by the fragmentation fission products and trans-uranic elements of Chernobyl genesis (for example, the south-western part of the Bryansk region) necessary to ensure safe living conditions of the population and planning household activity.
URL:http://www.dissercat.com/content/otsenka-i-prognozirovanie-radiatsionno-ekologicheskogo-sostoyaniya-prirodnoi-sredy-v-zone-ch
Author: Odintsov, A. A.; Khan, V. E.; Krasnov, V. A.; Pazukhin, E. M.
Reference: Gazette “Radiochemistry”, 2007
ISSN: 0033-8311
DOI: 621.039.542
Keywords: drinking water, contamination, water pollution, radioisotopes, ricer, lake
Abstract: The volume activity of 3H, 90Sr, 137Cs, 234U, 235U, 238U, 238Pu, 239+240Pu, and 241Am in ground waters from observation holes 1-G-6-G in the north section of the Shelter local area of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (CNPP) was measured. The distribution of radionuclides in the suspension fractions of the ground waters was evaluated. The main contribution to the pollution of ground waters with uranium is due to natural uranium isotopes: 234,235,238U. The activity ratios of 238Pu, 239+240Pu, and 241Am in ground waters are similar to those in the spent fuel of 4th CNPP block.
URL: http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/27081216/radionuclides-ground-waters-from-observation-holes-shelter-local-area
Author: Gedeonov AD, Petrov ER, Alexeev IN, Kuleshova VG, Savopulo ML, Burtsev IS, Shkroev VY, Arkhipov VI.
Reference: J Environ Radioact. 2002;60(1-2):221-34.
ISSN:
Keywords: peaceful underground nuclear explosion sites “Craton-3″ and “Crystal”, 137cs
Abstract: In this paper, results are reported on the concentrations and activity ratios of 137Cs, 239+240Pu and 238Pu in soils, lichen and bottom sediments collected at the peaceful underground nuclear explosion sites “Craton-3″ and “Crystal” (Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), North-East Siberia). At the “Craton-3″ site, 239- 240Pu concentrations in the range 6.2 mBq/g to 5.9 Bq/g in surface soils (0-5 cm) and 239+240Pu concentrations up to 7.4 Bq/g in lichen were observed. The 137Cs concentration in measured soils range from 0.52 to 216 Bq/g for the near-plume and from 1.65 to 21.5 Bq/g for the far-plume. In lichen, 137Cs concentration varied from a global background level up to 251 Bq/g. Radioactive contamination at “Crystal” demonstrates an extremely irregular distribution of 239,240Pu and 137Cs in environmental samples taken at locations within 150 m radius of the site. Further work on compiling detailed maps of radioactive contamination of the territory around “Craton-3″ and “Crystal” is discussed.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11936609
Author: Gudkov D.I., Nazarov A.B., Dzyubenko E.V., Kaglyan A.E., Klenus V.G.
Reference: Gazette “РАДИАЦИОННАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ. РАДИОЭКОЛОГИЯ “ (Radiation Biology, Radioecology), 2009
ISSN: 0869-8031
DOI: 10.1134/S0869803109060095
Keywords: freshwater mussels, contamination
Abstract: Observes the concentration of radionuclides of 90Sr, 137Cs, 238Pu, 239 + 240Pu и 241Am in freshwater mussels in the exclusion zone of Chernobyl. Analyzes radiation doses, frequency of chromosomal aberrations and composition of hemolymph in Lymnaea Stagnalis.
URL: http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=12989734
Reference: National Archive of the Republic of Belorussia, 2006
ISBN: 985-6372-45-3
Keywords: sources of contamination, cesium, strontium, plutonium, alkali metals, safety against radiation, Belorussia, radionuclides,
Abstract: History of liquidation in Belorussia from the day of the disaster until December 1991
URL: http://www.archives.gov.ua/Publicat/Chornobyl.php
Author: A. Yu. Romanchuk, S. N. Kalmykov, A. P. Novikov, E. V. Zakharova
Reference: Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2011
ISSN: 1608-3350
DOI: 10.1134/S1070363211090490
Keywords: sorption, plutonium
Abstract: It is shown that an alternative to K d in describing sorption at low degrees of surface saturation of colloid particles is pH50 which takes into account both the properties of the sorbent and sorbate. The correlations of pH50 with cation charge density for the An(III)-An(IV)-An(V)-An(VI) series and with hydrolysis constants are presented. The redox reactions with plutonium that accompany its sorption onto Fe(III) oxides are discussed.
URL: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S1070363211090490#
Author: Shatokhin AM, Loginov AA, Umniashova EE, Krasotkin VA.
Reference: Gazette “ГИГИЕНА И САНИТАРИЯ“ (Hygiene and sanitary), 2003
ISSN: 0016-9900
DOI: 614.77:615.849.2:546.799.4]-073.584
Keywords: plutonium, 238pu, 239pu, 240pu, 242pu, isotopes, soil
Abstract: The paper deals with the development of a highly sensitive method for determining plutonium isotopes (238Pu, 239Pu + 240Pu, 242Pu) in the solid samples of environmental objects with preliminary radiochemical preparation. The chosen conditions for preparation of samples permit effective separation of plutonium from mixing alpha-radiating radionuclides and allow plutonium to release in the radiochemically pure form to a sample to be calculated. Spectrometric measurements of the calculated samples and identification of isotopes were made on a “Progress-alpha” alpha-spectrometric unit having a silicon semiconductor detector. The developed procedure is rather reliable in identifying and estimating the content of major plutonium isotopes in the soil and bed deposits at their background values (1 Bc/kg or higher). The paper presents the results of analysis of samples of the soil selected during radioecological monitoring in the South-Western Okrug of Moscow, as well as the alpha-spectra obtained.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12680108
