タグ「remote period after the accident」
Author: Nowakowski R.S., Hayes N.L.
Reference: Acta Pædiatrica. — 2008. — Vol. 97. — P. 527–531.
Keywords: prenatal exposure, cognitive deficit, brain damages
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Widespread radiation is a threat unique to the modern world. A recent report reveals that sub-clinical damage to human foetuses between 8 and 25 weeks of gestation can result in cognitive deficits still manifest 16-18 years after birth. These previously unrecognised, long-term effects are apparently produced by a relatively short pulse of exposure to radioactive fallout at levels that were previously thought not to be deleterious. This idea is plausible given the nature of the developmental events occurring in the brain during this period of gestation.
CONCLUSION: This exposed population should be examined for other neurological and psychiatric syndromes. If these findings are corroborated, in the event of future radiation exposures, steps should be taken to shield pregnant women who are within this window of vulnerability.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18394093
Author: D. Bazyka, I. Ilyenko, K. Loganovsky et al.
Reference: Abstracts of 17th ECDO Euroconference on apoptosis «Destruction, degradation and death cell death control in cancer and neurodegeneration», September 23–26, 2009, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. — P. 63.
Author: S. Sadetzki, A. Chetrit, L. Freedman et al.
Reference: Radiat. Res. — 2005. — Vol. 163, № 4. — P. 424–432.
Keywords: tinea capitis treatment, aftermath
Abstract: Ionizing radiation is an established risk factor for brain tumors, yet quantitative information on the long-term risk of different types of brain tumors is sparse. Our aims were to assess the risk of radiation-induced malignant brain tumors and benign meningiomas after childhood exposure and to investigate the role of potential modifiers of that risk. The study population included 10,834 individuals who were treated for tinea capitis with X rays in the 1950s and two matched nonirradiated groups, comprising population and sibling comparison groups. The mean estimated radiation dose to the brain was 1.5 Gy. Survival analysis using Poisson regression was performed to estimate the excess relative and absolute risks (ERR, EAR) for brain tumors. After a median follow-up of 40 years, an ERR/Gy of 4.63 and 1.98 (95% CI = 2.43-9.12 and 0.73-4.69) and an EAR/Gy per 10(4) PY of 0.48 and 0.31 (95% CI = 0.28-0.73 and 0.12-0.53) were observed for benign meningiomas and malignant brain tumors, respectively. The risk of both types of tumors was positively associated with dose. The estimated ERR/Gy for malignant brain tumors decreased with increasing age at irradiation from 3.56 to 0.47 (P = 0.037), while no trend with age was seen for benign meningiomas. The ERR for both types of tumor remains elevated at 30-plus years after exposure.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15799699
Author: Loganovsky K.N., Yuryev K.L.
Reference: J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. — 2001. — Vol. 13, № 4. — P. 441–458
Keywords: EEG, cortical-limbic overactivation, organic brain damage
Abstract: Prospective conventional EEG study was carried out 3-5 and 10-13 years after the Chernobyl accident (1986) in patients who had acute radiation sickness and in emergency workers in 1986 (“liquidators”). Control groups comprised healthy volunteers; veterans of the Afghanistan war with posttraumatic stress disorder; veterans with mild traumatic brain injury; and patients with dyscirculatory encephalopathy. In 3-5 years after irradiation, there were irritated EEG changes with paroxysmal activity shifted to the left frontotemporal region (cortical-limbic overactivation) that were transformed 10-13 years after irradiation toward a low-voltage EEG pattern with excess of fast (beta) and slow (delta) activity together with depression of alpha and theta activity (organic brain damage with inhibition of the cortical-limbic system). Quantitative EEG is likely to be very informative for investigation of dose-effect relationships.
URL: http://neuro.psychiatryonline.org/article.aspx?articleid=101516
Author: Loganovsky K, Havenaar JM, Tintle NL, Guey LT, Kotov R, Bromet EJ.
Reference: Psychol Med. 2008, 38 (4): 481–488.
Keywords: mental health, liquidators, PTSD, suicide, depression
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The psychological aftermath of the Chernobyl accident is regarded as the largest public health problem unleashed by the accident to date. Yet the mental health of the clean-up workers, who faced the greatest radiation exposure and threat to life, has not been systematically evaluated. This study describes the long-term psychological effects of Chernobyl in a sample of clean-up workers in Ukraine.
METHOD: The cohorts were 295 male clean-up workers sent to Chernobyl between 1986 and 1990 interviewed 18 years after the accident (71% participation rate) and 397 geographically matched controls interviewed as part of the Ukraine World Mental Health (WMS) Survey 16 years after the accident. The World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was administered. We examined group differences in common psychiatric disorders, suicide ideation and severe headaches, differential effects of disorder on days lost from work, and in the clean-up workers, the relationship of exposure severity to disorder and current trauma and somatic symptoms. Analyses were adjusted for age in 1986 and mental health prior to the accident.
RESULTS: Relatively more clean-up workers than controls experienced depression (18.0% v. 13.1%) and suicide ideation (9.2% v. 4.1%) after the accident. In the year preceding interview, the rates of depression (14.9% v. 7.1%), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (4.1% v. 1.0%) and headaches (69.2% v. 12.4%) were elevated. Affected workers lost more work days than affected controls. Exposure level was associated with current somatic and PTSD symptom severity.
CONCLUSIONS: Long-term mental health consequences of Chernobyl were observed in clean-up workers.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18047772
Author: P. Hall, H.O. Adami, D. Trichopoulos et al.
Reference: BMJ. ― 2004. ― Vol. 328, № 7430. ― P. 19–24.
Keywords: cognitive function, Sweden, learning ability, spatial recognition, infancy
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To determine whether exposure to low doses of ionising radiation in infancy affects cognitive function in adulthood.
DESIGN: Population based cohort study.
SETTING: Sweden.
PARTICIPANTS: 3094 men who had received radiation for cutaneous haemangioma before age 18 months during 1930-59.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Radiation dose to frontal and posterior parts of the brain, and association between dose and intellectual capacity at age 18 or 19 years based on cognitive tests (learning ability, logical reasoning, spatial recognition) and high school attendance.
RESULTS: The proportion of boys who attended high school decreased with increasing doses of radiation to both the frontal and the posterior parts of the brain from about 32% among those not exposed to around 17% in those who received > 250 mGy. For the frontal dose, the multivariate odds ratio was 0.47 (95% confidence interval 0.26 to 0.85, P for trend 0.0003) and for the posterior dose it was 0.59 (0.23 to 1.47, 0.0005). A negative dose-response relation was also evident for the three cognitive tests for learning ability and logical reasoning but not for the test of spatial recognition.
CONCLUSIONS: Low doses of ionising radiation to the brain in infancy influence cognitive abilities in adulthood.
URL:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14703539
Author: N.B. Kholodova, L.A. Zhavoronkova, B.N. Ryzhov, G.D. Kuznetsova
Reference: Успехи геронтологии (The successes of Gerontology), 2007
For details contact the publisher: http://www.gersociety.ru/contacts/
Author: Zhavoronkova L. A., Lavrova T. P., Belostocky A. V., Kholodova N. B., Skoryatina I. G., Voronov V. P.
Reference: ЖУРНАЛ ВЫСШЕЙ НЕРВНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ИМ. И.П. ПАВЛОВА (Journal of higher nerbous activities named after I.P.Pavlov), 2006
Keywords: EEG, space-frequency parameter, cognitive performance
Abstract: Changes in frequency and space parameters of the EEG coherence evoked by cognitive performance were analyzed in 13 healthy subjects and participants of the Chernobyl clean-up. In healthy subjects, the EEG coherences in the alpha and beta frequency bands were significantly increased during arithmetic count and during visuospatial performance. Each test was characterized by regionally-specific features. Chernobyl patients demonstrated a global decrease in the EEG coherence predominantly in the alpha and beta frequency bands, especially in the frontal cortical areas. Patients with various pathological EEG patterns demonstrated specific impairment of EEG parameters. In patients with a “flat” EEG pattern, the EEG coherence predominantly decreased in the frontal associative areas, especially during arithmetic calculation. In patients with a “hypersynchronous” EEG pattern, the decrease in the EEG coherence was most pronounced in the parietal associative areas, especially during the visuospatial performance. The revealed impairments of the EEG coherence reactivity may be a reflection of disorders of the intracortical and corti-cosubcortical interaction and can result from the remote postradiation brain atrophy, especially, of cortical structures.
URL: http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=9193503
Author: A.I. Nyagu, K.N. Loganovsky, N.Yu. Chuprovskaya et al.
Reference: Український медичний часопис (Ukrainian Medical Magazine), 1997
Abstract: For detail contact the publisher:
Publisher: «МОРИОН»
address: 02140, Kiev, prosp. Bazhana 10A
tel: 380(44)585-97-10
URL: http://www.umj.com.ua/
Author: A.I. Nyagu, A.G. Noshchenko, K.N. Loganovsky
Reference: Журн. невропатол. и психиатр. им. С.С. Корсакова (journal of neuropathology and psychiatry named after S.S. Korsakov), 1992
Abstract: One of the early works published by researchers of the National Scientific Center for Radiation Medicine of Ukraine. For details contact the publisher. Homepage of the publisher: http://www.mediasphera.ru/contacts/
