タグ「Dispersion」
Title: The chernobyl accident: Modelling of dispersion over europe of the radioactive plume and comparison with air activity measurements
Author: Armand Albergel, Daniel Martin, Bernard Strauss, Jean-Michel Gros
Reference: Atmospheric Environment (1967), Volume 22, Issue 11, 1988, Pages 2431-2444
DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(88)90475-1
Keywords: Long-range; modelling; radioisotopes; caesium; Chernobyl; nuclear; accident; trajectories; dispersion
Abstract: Following the release of radionuclides from the Chernobyl power plant accident, a long-range transport and deposition model is used to describe the plume dispersion over Europe. The aim of this study is the validation of a fast Lagrangjan model and a better understanding of the relative impact of some mechanisms, such as the initial plume rise. Comparisons between results and 137Cs measurement activity are discussed according to spatial and temporal variations. It is shown that many measurements can be explained only if the initial plume rise taken at 925, 850 and 700mb is considered.
URL:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0004698188904751
Title: A fast long-range transport model for operational use in episode simulation. Application to the Chernobyl accident
Author: P. Bonelli, G. Calori, G. Finzi
Reference: Atmospheric Environment. Part A. General Topics, Volume 26, Issue 14, October 1992, Pages 2523-2535
DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-1686(92)90104-S,
Keywords: Long-range; modelling; trajectories; dispersion; radioisotopes; Chernobyl; nuclear; accident
Abstract: A simple Lagrangian puff trajectory model and its software implementation, STRALE, are described. Standard meteorological data are used as input for the simulation of the three-dimensional atmospheric transport and dispersion of a pollutant released by a point source. The schemes adopted to describe the vertical diffusion and the interaction with the mixing layer are discussed on the basis of the comparison between simulated and measured 137Cs activities for the Chernobyl nuclear accident.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/096016869290104S
Title: Reconstruction of radioactive plume characteristics along Chernobyl’s Western Trace
Author: Ronald K. Chesser, Mikhail Bondarkov, Robert J. Baker, Jeffrey K. Wickliffe, Brenda E. Rodgers
Reference: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, Volume 71, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 147-157
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0265-931X(03)00165-6
Keywords: Chernobyl; Radioactivity; Fallout; Dispersion; Aerosol
Abstract: Using data obtained from 435 radiation sampling stations in the Red Forest, 1.5 km W of the Chernobyl Nuclear Complex, we reconstructed the deposition pathway of the first plume released by the accident, Chernobyl’s Western Trace. The dimensions and deposition rates of the plume remain sharply defined 15 years after the accident. Assuming a uniform particle distribution within the original cloud, we derived estimates of plume dimensions by applying geometric transformations to the coordinates at each sample point. Our derived estimates for the radioactive cloud accounted for 87% of the variation of radioactivity in this region. Results show a highly integrated bell-shaped cross-section of the cloud of radiation, approximately 660 m wide and 290 m high, traveling at a bearing of 264° from reactor IV. Particle sizes within Chernobyl’s Western Trace were within the most dangerous range for inhaled aerosols (2–5 μm). Therefore, reconstruction of the dispersion of such particles is critical for understanding the aftermath of nuclear and biological aerosol releases.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265931X03001656
