タグ「Liquidators」
Title: Dosimetric data of the All-Russia Medical and Dosimetric State Registry for emergency workers
Author: Pitkevich V.A., Ivanov V.K., Tsyb A.F., Maksyutov M.A., Matyash V.A., Shchukina N.V.
Reference: Journal: Radiation and Risk (Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry), Year: 1995, Issue: S2
Keywords: dosimetric data, liquidators
Abstract: This issue presents first a detailed description of dosimetric data registered in the All-Russia Medical and Dosimetric State Registry (ARMDSR) for emergency workers at the Chernobyl NPP. In dosimetric fields of the ARMDSR for emergency workers the data on absorbed doses of external radiation of persons are received from oficial documents given to emergency workers by organizations after carrying out dosimetric monitoring in the zone of emergency works. On the basis of ARMDSR data on radiation doses for 125771 emergency workers (79,1 % from the total number – 159027 men) all possible statistic characteristics are developed which allow to estimate degree of reliability of obtained information.
URL:http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/dozimetricheskie-dannye-rossiyskogo-gosudarstvennogo-mediko-dozimetricheskogo-registra-dlya-likvidatorov
Title: Radiation Epidemiology capacity in dealing with the problems of radiation safety in medical exposure
Author: Tsyb A.F., Ivanov V.K., Biryukov A.P.
Reference: Radiation and Lisk 2008 vol.17 No.2
Keywords: accident at the Chernobyl NPP, radiation diagnosis and radiation therapy, liquidators, radiation-epidemiological analysis
Abstract: Latest data of radiation-epidemiological studies allow making suggestion that methods and means of radiation epidemiology can be used for purposes of radiological protection for medical exposure. Basic principles of the use of population-based approach to the assessment of radiation risk of medical exposure to ionizing radiation are discussed in the article. Analysis of results obtained in population radiation and epidemiological studies of health effects of the Chernobyl accident allows authors to draw conclusion that doses obtained as a result of radiological procedures are not critical for delayed development of cancer.
URL: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/vozmozhnosti-radiatsionnoy-epidemiologii-pri-reshenii-problem-radiatsionnoy-bezopasnosti-meditsinskogo-oblucheniya
Title: Neuropsychological dysfunction syndrome of mental functions in liquidators of the Chernobyl accident aftermath
Author: Gorina, Irina Stanislavovna
Reference: Moscow 2000
Keywords: psychology, neuropsychological studies, abnormalities of mental functions, liquidators
Abstract: The aim of our work was to study the neuropsychological disturbances of higher mental functions in liquidators of the Chernobyl accident and the description of structure and features of neuropsychological syndromes.
URL:http://www.dissercat.com/content/neiropsikhologicheskie-sindromy-narusheniya-psikhicheskikh-funktsii-u-uchastnikov-likvidatsi
Title: Stress-induced endogenous risk factors for neuropsychiatric disorders and rational approaches to improving the quality of life index among Chernobyl accident liquidators
Author: Sushkevich, Anton Genadyevich
Reference: Moscow, 2006
Keywords:pathophysiology, stress, neuropsychiatric disorders, quality of life, liquidators, Obninsk, medical and rehabilitation center
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency of neurotic disorders and determine the role of stress-induced endogenous risk factors and their development among the liquidators on the basis of radiation-epidemiological analysis of data from the Russian National Medical and Dosimetric Registry and clinical database of the Medical Radiological Research Center (Russian Academy of Medical Sciences), based on the annual medical monitoring of the liquidators of Obninsk, for targeted improvement of medical and rehabilitation complex.
URL:http://www.dissercat.com/content/stress-indutsirovannye-endogennye-faktory-riska-neiropsikhicheskikh-rasstroistv-i-ratsional-0
Title: Psychology of the disease image in liquidators of the Chernobyl accident with psychosomatic disorders: The concept, phenomenology, characteristics of formation and correction
Author: Vishnevskaya, Valentina Petrovna
Reference: Minsk, 2004
Keywords: liquidators, psychosomatic pathology, phenomenology, characteristics of the formation, safety in emergencies
Abstract: development and validation of image of disease concept in liquidators of the Chernobyl accident with psychosomatic pathology, including the justification of its phenomenology, characteristics of the formation and targeted correction.
URL:http://www.dissercat.com/content/psikhologiya-obraza-bolezni-u-uchastnikov-likvidatsii-posledstvii-avarii-na-chernobylskoi-ae
Title: Assessment of radiation risks of cancer morbidity solid cancers among liquidators of consequences of the Chernobyl disaster
Author: Ivanov V.K., Rastopchin E.M., Gorskiy A.I., Maksyutov M.A., Matyash V.A., Tsyb A.F.
Reference: Radiation and Lisk 2001 No.12
Keywords: solid cancers, liquidators
Abstract: The paper provides analysis of information about solid cancer incidence among liquidators of the Chernobyl accident accumulated in the Russian National Medical and Dosimetric Registry (RNMDR) from 1986 to the beginning of 1997. The RNMDR contains individual dosimetric data and results of annual medical examinations of liquidators living in the territory of the Russian Federation (174916 persons by the beginning of 1999). Consideration is given to male liquidators who had no cancer before entering the 30-km zone around the Chernobyl NPP and for whom information was available about date of birth, date of arrival to the zone, duration of stay in the zone and data of medical examinations. The number of liquidators meeting these requirements is 160564, which accounts for about 90% of all liquidators registered in the RNMDR. For most of liquidators (70%) the Registry database contains information on external radiation dose received during their stay in the 30-km zone. The mean dose in this study cohort is 0.1 Gy, the mean age at the time of the first arrival in the zone is 34 years and the total number of accumulated person-years is 1353935. The cohort of liquidators is briefly described and the cancer incidence rates are compared in liquidators and the population of Russia as a whole through calculation of the standardized incidence ratio (SIR). The excess relative risk per unit dose is also estimated (ERR/Gy). The risk values with 95% confidence intervals for all solid malignant neoplasms and cancers of respiratory organs and digestive system are estimated to be 0.91 (0.25; 1.57), 1.13 (-0.24; 2.40) and 0.85 (-0.3; 2.04), respectively.
URL: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/otsenka-radiatsionnyh-riskov-onkologicheskoy-zabolevaemosti-solidnymi-rakami-sredi-likvidatorov-posledstviy-chernobylskoy
Title: Psychological status of liquidators in the period long time after completion of emergency operations in the ChNPP zone
Author: Matveeva N.P., Kaplan M.A., Belehov V.V.
Reference: Radiation and Risk (Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry) Year: 1999 Issue: 11
Keywords: liquidators, psychological status
Abstract: Presented are results of investigation into the psychological status of 1986-1987 emergency workers (EWs) with somatic diseases in the period long after completion of emergency operations in the ChNPP zone. Comparative analysis is performed of the psychological status of EWs and persons not involved in emergency operations at ChNPP whose professional activity is connected with ionizing radiation. To estimate the psychological status of EWs the multifactor method of personal identification (MMPI) was used as well as Ch.D.Spielberger questionnaire for assessment of the personality level and reactive alert and the Lusherx27;s test.
URL:http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/psihologicheskiy-status-likvidatorov-v-otdalennyy-period-posle-okonchaniya-rabot-v-zone-chaes
Author: V.K. Ivanov, A.I. Gorski, M.A. Maksioutov et al.
Reference: Health Phys. — 2001. — Vol. 81, № 5. — P. 514–521.
Keywords: liquidator, malignant neoplasm, cardiovascular disease, injury
Abstract: This paper presents results of the analysis of mortality among Chernobyl accident emergency workers who are resident in Russia. The analysis is based on information for the cohort of emergency workers (males) from six regions of Russia including 65,905 persons with documented external doses in the range 0.005-03 Sv. These data were gathered during the period 1991 to 1998 and cover a total of 426,304 follow-up person-y. In this period, 4,995 deaths occurred in the cohort under study. The mortality analysis was performed for four groups of causes of death (ICD-9 codes): (1) malignant neoplasms (140-239); (2) cardiovascular diseases (390-459); (3) injuries, poisoning and violent deaths, (800-999); and (4) the remainder (other than the above). The standardized mortality rate for groups 1, 3, and 4 is less than unity and varies from 0.6 to 0.9. For group 2 (death from cardiovascular diseases) the standardized mortality rate conforms with the control within 95% confidence intervals. The control was the mortality rate (males) for the corresponding ages in Russia in general and the internal control, the spontaneous mortality among emergency workers, derived from the equation of the observed and expected number of cases in the followed up cohort. Dose response of mortality was studied. Statistically significant radiation risks were obtained for mortality from malignant neoplasms (515 cases) and cardiovascular diseases (1,728 cases). The values of the excess relative risk per unit dose (ERR Sv(-1)) for malignant neoplasms and cardiovascular diseases are estimated as 2.11 (1.31, 2.92 95% CI) and 0.54 (0.18,0.91 95% CI) (for external control), 2.04 (0.45, 4.31 95% CI) and 0.79 (0.07, 1.64 95% CI) (for internal control), respectively. The risk of death from all noncancer causes is close to zero and not statistically significant
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11669204
Author: Loganovsky K.N.
Reference: Fiziol Cheloveka. — 2003. — Vol. 29, № 1. — P. 122–130.
Keywords: Chernobyl, Afghanistan, PTSD, Somatosensory evoked potentials
Abstract: Participants of the Chernobyl clean-up (n = 145) teams exposed to radiation doses from 0.05 to 3.5 Gy who had for the first time complained of pathologic somatosensory sensations (ostealgic syndrome), 20 healthy subjects, and 50 veterans of the war in Afghanistan with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were examined by a neuropsychiatrist and presented with the MMPI test. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) were recorded. Paresthesia and cenesthopathy were characteristic of the participants of the Chernobyl clean-up. Sensation disorders of the cerebral type, kinesthetic illusions, cenesthopathic hypochondriac disorders, and paroxysmal psychosensory states predominated in this group of subjects. They differed significantly from the veterans with PTSD in markedly increased scores on MMPI scales (hypochondriasis, schizophrenia, pure hypochondriasis, pure schizophrenia, emotional exclusion, and perception oddity), which closely correlated with clinical somatosensory symptoms. In clean-up workers, somatosensory disorders were significantly associated with hypochondriac and schizophrenic-like symptoms. The latencies (LPs) of main SSEP components—N20, P25, N140, P300, and N400—were increased and their amplitudes decreased in subjects exposed to radiation. Their SSEPs had significant topographical deviations in the left temporoparietal area: the contralateral LPs were increased, whereas the contralateral amplitudes of the thalamocortical N20 component and the cortical P25 component were decreased as compared to normal values. Somatosensory disorders and hypochondriac and schizophrenic symptoms were significantly correlated with changes in the SSEPs. The decrease in the N20 amplitude and increase in the P25 latency in the left temporoparietal area were dose-dependent. The results suggest cerebral rather than peripheral origin of ostealgic syndrome and other somatosensory disorders in the participants of the Chernobyl clean-up. These disorders are associated with radiation-induced dysfunction of the corticolimbic structures of the left—dominant—hemisphere. It is suggested that somatosensory disorders in patients exposed to low doses of radiation can be considered as manifestations of chronic fatigue syndrome /fibromyalgia, whereas schizoform organic brain lesions manifest themselves after exposure to a radiation dose of 0.3–0.5 Gy.
URL: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023%2FA%3A1022069022557#
Author: Loganovsky K, Havenaar JM, Tintle NL, Guey LT, Kotov R, Bromet EJ.
Reference: Psychol Med. 2008, 38 (4): 481–488.
Keywords: mental health, liquidators, PTSD, suicide, depression
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The psychological aftermath of the Chernobyl accident is regarded as the largest public health problem unleashed by the accident to date. Yet the mental health of the clean-up workers, who faced the greatest radiation exposure and threat to life, has not been systematically evaluated. This study describes the long-term psychological effects of Chernobyl in a sample of clean-up workers in Ukraine.
METHOD: The cohorts were 295 male clean-up workers sent to Chernobyl between 1986 and 1990 interviewed 18 years after the accident (71% participation rate) and 397 geographically matched controls interviewed as part of the Ukraine World Mental Health (WMS) Survey 16 years after the accident. The World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was administered. We examined group differences in common psychiatric disorders, suicide ideation and severe headaches, differential effects of disorder on days lost from work, and in the clean-up workers, the relationship of exposure severity to disorder and current trauma and somatic symptoms. Analyses were adjusted for age in 1986 and mental health prior to the accident.
RESULTS: Relatively more clean-up workers than controls experienced depression (18.0% v. 13.1%) and suicide ideation (9.2% v. 4.1%) after the accident. In the year preceding interview, the rates of depression (14.9% v. 7.1%), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (4.1% v. 1.0%) and headaches (69.2% v. 12.4%) were elevated. Affected workers lost more work days than affected controls. Exposure level was associated with current somatic and PTSD symptom severity.
CONCLUSIONS: Long-term mental health consequences of Chernobyl were observed in clean-up workers.
URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18047772
