カテゴリー「thyroid cancer」
Title: Preparing a scientific report to the General Assembly on ‘Exposures due to the nuclear accident following the Great East-Japan earthquake and tsunami’
Author: Wolfgang Weiss
Reference: Journal of Radiological Protection, 32 (1), p.N113-N118, Mar 2012
doi: 10.1088/0952-4746/32/1/N113
Keywords:
Abstract: At its 58th session in May 2011, the United Nations Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) decided to carry out, once sufficient information was available, a full assessment of the levels of exposure and radiation risks attributable to the Fukushima accident. It envisages a preliminary document for consideration at its 59th session in May of 2012 and a more complete report for the 60th session of the Committee in 2013. This paper summarises the aims and objectives of the project, the scope, the working arrangements as well as the relation of the work to other activities.
…exposure, mainly after Chernobyl and focused at low…related for example to thyroid cancer or leukaemia risk assessment…accident had ended. The Chernobyl experience tells us to expect…compare with accidents at Chernobyl, TMI, and Windscale? Doses to members of…
URL:http://iopscience.iop.org/0952-4746/32/1/N113/
Title: Japan’s nuclear crisis
Author: The Lancet Oncology
Reference: The Lancet Oncology, 12 (5), p.409, May 2011
doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(11)70100-0
Keywords:
Abstract: …comparisons being made to Chernobyl; little consensus has…health effects of the Chernobyl accident. A 2008 UNSCEAR…that over 6000 cases of thyroid cancer in young people could be linked to Chernobyl, but that evidence was…
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470204511701000
Title: Dealing with Chernobyl‘s genetic legacy
Author: Widney, George
Reference: The Lancet, 348 (9029), p.748, Sep 1996
doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)65628-0
Keywords:
Abstract: …that. In childhood-thyroid cancer, Anspaugh said, the increased…many of the children with thyroid cancer had had relatively low thyroid doses of 0·1 Gy or less…cytogenetic studies, primarily of Chernobyl clean-up workers, J R Lazutka..
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673605656280
Title: USSR: Medical effects of Chernobyl disaster
Author: Brennan, Mary,
Reference: The Lancet, 335 (8697), p.1086, May 1990
doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(90)92647-Z
Keywords:
Abstract: …Medical effects of Chernobyl disaster Mary Brennan…station disaster at Chernobyl, new evidence collected…radiation damage to the thyroid, for in this area 20…population, an increase in cancer registration of between…Specifically, the number of thyroid cancers is increasing…
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/014067369092647Z
Title: Radiation dose to the pancreas and risk of diabetes mellitus in childhood cancer survivors: a retrospective cohort study
Author: de Vathaire, Florent / El-Fayech, Chiraz / Ben Ayed, Faten Fedhila / Haddy, Nadia / Guibout, Catherine / Winter, David / Thomas-Teinturier, Cécile / (…) / Oberlin, Odile
Reference: The Lancet Oncology, 13 (10), p.1002-1010, Oct 2012
doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70323-6
Keywords: childhood cancer
Abstract: …We sent a questionnaire to 3468 survivors of a childhood cancer treated in eight centres in France and the UK between 1946 and 1985, of which 2520 were returned. Each self-declaration of diabetes was confirmed by contacting the patients’ medical doctors. We estimated the radiation dose received by the tail, head, and body of the pancreas and 185 other anatomical sites during each course of radiotherapy from 1990 to 1995 for each child after reconstruction of the conditions in which irradiation was delivered. We investigated the relation between radiation dose to the pancreas and the risk of a subsequent diabetes diagnosis….
…252·4) * Adjusted for age at cancer, calendar year at cancer, sex, chemotherapy…areas highly contaminated by the Chernobyl nuclear…study, in a cohort of childhood cancer survivors…
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470204512703236
Title: Guidelines for Iodine Prophylaxis following Nuclear Accidents Update 1999 Guide.PDF.
Reference: WHO [PDF-96K]Apr 2003
Keywords: IODINE, Radiation injuries, Disaster planning, THYROID GLAND, GUIDELINES
Abstract: Intervention levels for emergency response are for national authorities to decide, but the latest information suggests that stable iodine prophylaxis for children up to the age of 18 years be considered at 10 mGy, that is 1/10th of the generic intervention level expressed in the International basic safety standards for protection against ionizing radiation and for the safety of radiation sources. For adults over 40, the scientific evidence suggests that stable iodine prophylaxis not be recommended unless doses to the thyroid from inhalation are expected to exceed levels that would threaten thyroid function. This is because the risk of radiation induced thyroid carcinoma in this group is very low while, on the other hand, the risk of side effects increases with age. The latest information on the balance of risks and benefits will also need to be properly considered in the plans for any distribution and storage of stable iodine. It suggests that stockpiling is warranted, when feasible, over much wider areas than normally encompassed by emergency planning zones, and that the opportunity for voluntary purchase be part of national plans.
URL: http://www.who.int/ionizing_radiation/pub_meet/Iodine_Prophylaxis_guide.pdf
Title: Scale to assess nuclear incidents needs revision
Author: Higson, Don
Reference: New Scientist, 213 (2856), p.26-27, Mar 2012
doi: 10.1016/S0262-4079(12)60684-8
Keywords:
Abstract: Rating the Fukushima incident on a par with Chernobyl has played into the hands of anti-nuclear propagandists, says Don Higson
…one accident – Chernobyl – had been rated level 7. Chernobyl was the worst that…tell a story: 237 Chernobyl workers were taken…radiation-induced cancer, including workers…About 4000 cases of thyroid cancer, which…
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407912606848
Title: FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR POTASSIUM IODIDE (KI) DISTRIBUTION IN NEW YORK CITY.
Author: MOSS, STEVEN
Reference: Apr., 2005
doi: 10.2172/15016045
Keywords: PLUMES; POTASSIUM IODIDES; PUBLIC HEALTH; THYROID; NEW YORK CITY; ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT; IODINE ISOTOPES; FISSION PRODUCT RELEASE; FEASIBILITY STUDIES
Abstruct: The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH), Bureau of Environmental Science and Engineering, Office of Radiological Health (ORH) [as the primary local technical consultant in the event of a radiological or nuclear incident within the boundaries of New York City] requested the assistance of Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) with the development of a Feasibility Study for Potassium Iodide (KI) distribution in the unlikely event of a significant release of radioactive iodine in or near New York City. Brookhaven National Laboratory had previously provided support for New York City with the development of the radiological/nuclear portions of its All Hazards Emergency Response Plans. The work is funded by Medical and Health Research Association (MHRA) of New York City, Inc., under a work grant by the Federal Centers for Disease Control (CDC) for Public Health Preparedness and Response for Bioterrorism. This report is part of the result of that effort. The conclusions of this report are that: (1) There is no credible radiological scenario that would prompt the need for large segments of the general population of New York City to take KI as a result of a projected plume exposure to radioiodine reaching even the lowest threshold of 5 rem to the thyroid; and (2) KI should be stockpiled in amounts and locations sufficient for use by first responders/emergency responders in response to any localized release of radioiodine.
URL:http://www.osti.gov/bridge/product.biblio.jsp?query_id=2&page=0&osti_id=15016045
Title: Five years after Chernobyl: 1986–1991: A review— Watt Committee on Energy. Savoy Hill House, Savoy Hill, London WC2R OBU, U.K.
Reference: International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part C. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 38 (6), p.609-610, Jan 1991
doi: 10.1016/1359-0197(91)90090-O
Keywords:
Abstract: …raise disease levels. Cancer caused by radiation…effects. The dose from Chernobyl then be compared with…more remote towns. Thyroid cancer in the population covered…the main effect of the Chernobyl disaster as being the…
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/135901979190090O
Title: Nuclear Energy and Human Health
Author: Lyman, E.S.
Reference: Encyclopedia of Environmental Health, Jan 2011
ISBN:9780444522726
Keywords: Acute radiation syndrome; BEIR VII; Cancer; Cesium-137; Chernobyl; Containment; Emergency planning zone; Evacuation; Iodine-131; Light-water reactor; Potassium iodide; Sabotage; Severe accident; Source term; Spent fuel
Abstract: The environmental health impacts of nuclear power remain highly controversial. Although nuclear energy could have a role to play in mitigating the profound global environmental and health impacts of climate change, it also poses risks that could have long-lasting worldwide consequences. A catastrophic radiological release at a nuclear power plant, resulting from either an accident or sabotage, could cause significant numbers of human illnesses and fatalities and extensive radiological contamination over a vast area. Yet great uncertainties remain in the technical understanding of such events, providing room for a wide range of views on the magnitude and severity of these risks. A better quantitative understanding of the risks of nuclear energy, how they are distributed across geographic and socioeconomic strata, and whether they can be reduced to an acceptable level at a reasonable cost should play an essential role in development of a rational low-carbon energy policy. This article reviews information about the potential human health consequences of severe accidents at nuclear power plants and irradiated fuel storage facilities and discusses some of the uncertainties in these analyses.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780444522726001859
