Chapter 8 Mechanisms of radiation-induced carcinogenesis: The thyroid model
Title: Chapter 8 Mechanisms of radiation-induced carcinogenesis: The thyroid model
Author: Nikiforov, Yuri E. / Fagin, James A.
Reference: Advances in Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 2, p.169-196, Jan 1998
doi: 10.1016/S1569-2566(98)80016-1
Keywords: biological effects of radiation , papillary carcinoma, children
Abstract: Based on present information on the biological effects of radiation, the ultimate nature of the genetic events giving rise to the papillary carcinomas in the exposed children may have resulted either directly from DNA damage to oncogenic sequences (that is, ret/PTC), or may be due to downstream events taking place after the genome of the affected cell has been destabilized by as yet unexplained mechanisms. It is now clear that radiationinduced papillary carcinomas of Chernobyl have certain “signature” genetic features—namely a high prevalence of a particular form of ret/PTC rearrangement. This provides a definable end-point for future studies of radiation-induced DNA damage in thyroid cells, and may allow for the testing of more targeted hypothesis as to the natural history of these tumors. The exposure to the thyroid gland resulted from internal irradiation from absorbed shortlived radioiodines and, to a lesser extent, penetrating gamma radiation. Appearance of thyroid carcinomas was noted 10 years after the exposure, with seven papillary, one follicular, and seven occult thyroid cancers diagnosed among the 250 exposed individuals during 34 years of careful monitoring.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1569256698800161
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