Micronucleus formation in lymphocytes of children from the vicinity of Chernobyl after 131I therapy

Title: Micronucleus formation in lymphocytes of children from the vicinity of Chernobyl after ¹³¹I therapy

Author: W.-U. Müller, S. Dietl, K. Wuttke, C. Reiners, J. Biko, E. Demidchik, C. Streffer

Reference: Radiation and Environmental Biophysics , May 2004, Volume 43, Issue 1, pp 7-13

doi: 10.1007/s00411-004-0233-z

Keywords : Lymphocytes, children, Iodine-131, thyroid tumours

Abstract: After the Chernobyl accident a statistically significant increase in the number of children with thyroid tumours was observed. In this study 166 children with and 75 without thyroid tumours were analysed for micronucleus formation in peripheral blood lymphocytes using the cytochalasin B approach. The following factors did not significantly affect micronucleus formation: gender, age at the time of the first ¹³¹I treatment, tumour stage, tumour type, or metastases; a statistically significant increase in the number of micronuclei, however, was observed for the residents of Gomel compared to other locations, such as Brest, Grodno, and Minsk. The children with tumours received ¹³¹I treatment after surgical resection of the tumours. This gave us the opportunity to systematically follow the effect of ¹³¹I on micronucleus formation. A marked increase was observed 5 days after the ¹³¹I treatment followed by a decrease within a 4–7 months interval up to the next application, but the pre-treatment levels were not achieved. Up to 10 therapy cycles were followed each including an analysis of micronucleus formation before and 5 days after ¹³¹I application. The response of the children was characterised by clear individual differences and the increase/decrease pattern of micronucleus frequencies induced by iodine-131 was correlated with a decrease/increase pattern in the number of lymphocytes.

ＵＲＬ: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00411-004-0233-z

Analysis of Blood Lymphocyte Subsets in Children Living around Chernobyl Exposed Long-Term to Low Doses of Cesium-137 and Various Doses of Iodine-131

Title: Analysis of Blood Lymphocyte Subsets in Children Living around Chernobyl Exposed Long-Term to Low Doses of Cesium-137 and Various Doses of Iodine-131

Author: Eugene V. Vykhovanets, Victor P. Chernyshov, Igor I. Slukvin, Yury G. Antipkin, Alexander Vasyuk, and Valerey Colos

Reference: Radiation Research June 2000 : Vol. 153, Issue 6 (Jun 2000), pg(s) 760-772

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1667/0033-7587(2000)153[0760:AOBLSI]2.0.CO;2

Keywords : blood lymphocyte, children, low doses, cesium-137, iodine-131

Abstract: Epidemiological studies have found that children living around Chernobyl have rates of respiratory tract illness that are higher than those seen in the area before the Chernobyl accident. The present study investigates the possible effects of radiation exposure on the composition of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in children living around Chernobyl. Two hundred nineteen healthy children and children suffering from recurrent respiratory diseases aged 6–14 years who received both low doses of radiation to the whole body from ¹³⁷Cs and various doses of radiation to the thyroid from ¹³¹I as fallout from the accident were assessed 5 (1991) and 8–10 years (1994–1996) after the accident. A total of 148 healthy children and children suffering from recurrent respiratory diseases living in noncontaminated areas were also evaluated as controls. Children with recurrent respiratory diseases who lived around Chernobyl had a significantly lower percentage of T cells and a higher percentage of NK cells compared to control children with recurrent respiratory diseases during the study period. In contrast to the findings in 1991, a significant decrease in the percentage of helper-inducer cells was observed in children with recurrent respiratory diseases in 1994–1996. In contrast to 1991, there is a positive correlation between the percentage of helper-inducer cells, the helper-inducer/cytotoxic-suppressor cell ratio, and the dose of radiation to the thyroid of healthy children from ¹³¹I in 1994–1996. There was a positive correlation between the dose of radiation to the thyroid from ¹³¹I and the percentage of helper-inducer cells in children with recurrent respiratory diseases 5 years (1991) after the accident. Further, the dose of radiation to the thyroid from ¹³¹I correlated negatively with the percentage of T and B cells and positively with the percentage of NK cells in children with recurrent respiratory diseases 8–10 years (1994–1996) after the accident. These results raise the possibility that long-term exposure to low doses of ¹³⁷Cs may have altered the composition of the T-cell subsets and NK cells in children with recurrent respiratory diseases. The differences in the composition of the peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets between healthy children and those with recurrent respiratory diseases may be attributed to long-term low-dose exposure of the whole body to radiation from ¹³⁷Cs and exposure of the thyroid to radiation from ¹³¹I subsequent to the Chernobyl accident.

ＵＲＬ：http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1667/0033-7587%282000%29153%5B0760%3AAOBLSI%5D2.0.CO%3B2?prevSearch=chernobyl%2Bobstetrics&searchHistoryKey=&queryHash=93d611a9bfec5beb1e2f82cb49cf110e

Children of Chernobyl Cleanup Workers do not Show Elevated Rates of Mutations in Minisatellite Alleles

Title: Children of Chernobyl Cleanup Workers do not Show Elevated Rates of Mutations in Minisatellite Alleles

Author: L. A. Livshits, S. G. Malyarchuk, E. M. Lukyanova, Y. G. Antipkin, L. P. Arabskaya, S. A. Kravchenko, G. H. Matsuka , E. Petit, F. Giraudeau, P. Gourmelon, G. Vergnaud , and B. Le Guen

Reference: Radiation Research 155(1):74-80. 2001

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1667/0033-7587(2001)155[0074:COCCWD]2.0.CO;2

Keywords : children, cleanup workers, mutations, minisatellite

Abstract: The disaster at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in April 1986 was accompanied by the release of large amounts of radioisotopes, resulting in the contamination of extensive regions of the Ukraine, Byelorus and the Russian Federation. Cleanup workers (liquidators) and people living on land contaminated with radioactive materials were most exposed. To assess the genetic effects of exposure to ionizing radiation after the Chernobyl accident, we have measured the frequency of inherited mutant alleles at seven hypermutable minisatellite loci in 183 children born to Chernobyl cleanup workers (liquidators) and 163 children born to control families living in nonirradiated areas of the Ukraine. There was no significant difference in the frequency of inherited mutant alleles between the exposed and control groups. The exposed group was then divided into two subgroups according to the time at which the children were conceived with respect to the fathers’ work at the power plant. Eighty-eight children were conceived either while their fathers were working at the facility or up to 2 months later (Subgroup 1). The other 95 children were conceived at least 4 months after their fathers had stopped working at the Chernobyl site (Subgroup 2). The frequencies of mutant alleles were higher for the majority of loci (i.e. 1.44 times higher for CEB1) in Subgroup 1 than in Subgroup 2. This result, if confirmed, would reconcile the apparently conflicting results obtained in the chronically exposed Byelorus population and the Hiroshima-Nagasaki A-bomb survivors.

ＵＲＬ：http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.166/0033-7587%282001%29155%5B0074%3ACOCCWD%5D2.0.CO%3B2?prevSearch=chernobyl&searchHistoryKey=&queryHash=05c5bf600dfdc400aa01511958fb5e34

Genomic instability in chidren born after the Chernobyl Nuclear Accident (in vivo and in vitro studies)

Title: Genomic instability in chidren born after the Chernobyl Nuclear Accident (in vivo and in vitro studies)

Author: A. V. Aghajanyan, I. I. Suskov

Reference: Russian Journal of Genetics , June 2010, Volume 46, Issue 6, pp 740-749

DOI: 10.1134/S1022795410060153

Keywords :

Abstract: Analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes in children born after the accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in the period from 1987 to 2004 (permanent residents of territories contaminated with radionuclides, n = 92; and children of irradiated fathers-liquidators, n = 88) revealed increased levels of aberrant cells (ACs) and aberrations of the chromosomal type as compared to the control (P < 0.05). In three subgroups of children with different initial AC frequencies (children with high AC frequencies, ≥3%; children with medium AC frequencies, 2%; and children with low AC frequencies, ≤1%), the levels of aberrations of the chromosomal type are increased as compared to the control (P < 0.05). The levels of aberrant cells and chromosome aberrations (CAs) in the subgroup of children with ≥3% frequencies significantly differ from those in the subgroup of children with ≤1% AC frequencies. No dependence of the AC and CA frequencies on the year of birth after the Chernobyl accident was revealed. After fractional and single γ-irradiation (137Cs) of blood in vitro in the 10–30 cGy dose range, the average CA frequencies in the first and second mitoses increased in a similar way depending on the initial AC frequencies in the children and parents. All these results suggest an individual character of genomic instability induced by low radiation doses and its transgenerational phenomenon in the organisms of children.

ＵＲＬ：http://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S1022795410060153

Care of children in a natural disaster: lessons learned from the Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami

Title: Care of children in a natural disaster: lessons learned from the Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami

Author: Takeo Yonekura, Shigeru Ueno, Tadashi Iwanaka

Reference: Pediatric Surgery International, October 2013, Volume 29, Issue 10, pp 1047-1051

DOI: 10.1007/s00383-013-3405-6

Keywords: Earthquake, Tsunami, Nuclear accident, Natural disaster, Children

Abstract: The Great East Japan earthquake was one of the most devastating natural disasters ever to hit Japan. We present features of the disaster and the radioactive accident in Fukushima. About 19,000 are dead or remain missing mainly due to the tsunami, but children accounted for only 6.5 % of the deaths. The Japanese Society of Pediatric Surgeons set up the Committee of Aid for Disaster, and collaborated with the Japanese Society of Emergency Pediatrics to share information and provide pediatric medical care in the disaster area. Based on the lessons learned from the experiences, the role of pediatric surgeons and physicians in natural disasters is discussed.

ＵＲＬ：http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00383-013-3405-6

FUNCTIONAL STATE OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM IN CHILDREN EXPOSED TO IONIZING RADIATION AS A RESULT OF THE CHERNOBYL DISASTER

Title: FUNCTIONAL STATE OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM IN CHILDREN EXPOSED TO IONIZING RADIATION AS A RESULT OF THE CHERNOBYL DISASTER

Author: Kolpakov Igor E, Stepanova E I

Reference: Укр. мед. часопис. (Ukrainian Medical Journal) , №6(20) XI – XII 2000 г.

Keywords: respiratory system, functional state, children, ionizing radiation, Chernobyl disaster

Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to assess the state of respiratory and nonrespiratory lung functions in children exposed to acute and chronic irradiation as a result of the Chernobyl disaster. Studies were performed among 1748 children aged from 5 to 14 years without respiratory diseases. The 1st principal group formed 784 children exposed to acute irradiation (evacuated from Pripyat town and Chernobyl nuclear power plant 30-km exclusion zone), the 2nd one — 964 children exposed to chronic irradiation (living in zones of radiation control). 840 children from radioactively «clean» regions formed the control group. An investigation of respiratory ventilation was performed by the method of pneumotachography using pharmacological inhalation test on latent bronchospasm. Nonrespiratory lung functions were studied by condensate of expired air (CEA).

URL:http://www.umj.com.ua/article/1947/funkcionalnoe-sostoyanie-sistemy-dyxaniya-detej-ispytavshix-vozdejstvie-ioniziruyushhego-izlucheniya-vsledstvie-chernobylskoj-katastrofy

Comparative analysis of cytogenetic indices of the thyroid gland in children and adolescents since the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant on the contaminated territories of the Oryol and Kaluga regions

Title: Comparative analysis of cytogenetic indices of the thyroid gland in children and adolescents since the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant on the contaminated territories of the Oryol and Kaluga regions

Author: Sevankaev A.V., Parshin B.C., Mihaylova G.F., Hvostunov I.K., Tsepenko V.V., Potetnya O.I., Golub E.V., Pyatenko B.C., Pozdyshkina O.V., Omarashabov N.O.

Reference: Radiation and Lisk 2006 vol.15 No.1-2

Keywords: children, teenagers, Oryol, Kaluga

Abstract: The paper presents the results of examination of children and teenagers living on the contaminated areas of Oryol (248 subjects) and Kaluga (224 subjects) oblasts since the Chernobyl accident occurred. The goal of the study was carrying out a comparative analysis the results of cytogenetic assay and estimation of morphologic-function status of thyroid glands by ultrasonic exclusion. The study was consisted of synchronous ultrasonic diagnosis and cytogenetic analysis of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes performed in 1998 and 2003 years in two oblasts respectively. Based on combined cytogenetic data it was found no significant discrepancy between healthy and thyroid gland pathology subjects studied in both oblasts. At once the subgroup with high level of chromosomal aberrations exhibited elevated percentage of thyroid diseases compared with the subgroup with low level of chromosomal aberrations, namely by 15% for Kaluga and by 25 % for Oryol oblasts. The highest level of thyroid gland disease incidence was found in the subgroup of subjects with high level of chromosomal aberrations who was born in 1986-1987 years, that is by 44 % for Kaluga and by 110 % for Oryol oblasts.

URL: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/sravnitelnyy-analiz-tsitogeneticheskih-pokazateley-s-morfo-funktsionalnym-sostoyaniem-schitovidnoy-zhelezy-u-detey-i-podrostkov

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MORBIDITY OF THROYD　DISEASES INCIDENCE IN DOPUBERTATNOM THE AGE OF THE CHILDREN OF THE KALUGA REGION

Title: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MORBIDITY OF THROYD　DISEASES INCIDENCE IN DOPUBERTATNOM THE AGE OF THE CHILDREN OF THE KALUGA REGION

Author: GOROBETS V.F.

Reference: Radiation and Lisk 2012,vol.21,No.4

Keywords: CHILDREN, IN UTERO EXPOSURE TO RADIATION, POLLUTION OF TERRITORIES BY IODINE-131 AND CAESIUM-137, IODINE SUPPLEMENTATION, THYROID DISEASES INCIDENCE

Abstract: Incidence of non-cancer thyroid diseases among prepubertal children exposed to radiation from Chernobyl in utero and resided in Zhizdra, Ulyanovo and Khvastovichi rayons of Kaluga oblast with different level of radioactive contamination was studied. It was shown that the rate of thyroid diseases incidence depended on natural iodine insufficiency in the areas of residence and radioiodine dose. The relative contribution of each of these factors can be estimated by difference between the incidence rate in exposed and unexposed children of the same age and the same area of residence.

URL: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/sravnitelnyy-analiz-zabolevaemosti-tireopatiyami-v-dopubertatnom-vozraste-detey-iz-kaluzhskoy-oblasti-obluchyonnyh-vnutriutrobno-za

Intellectual development, mental and behavioural disorders in the children whose mothers were exposed to pathogenic radioecological and psychosocial factors as a result of Chernobyl accident at the different stages of pregnancy

Title: Intellectual development, mental and behavioural disorders in the children whose mothers were exposed to pathogenic radioecological and psychosocial factors as a result of Chernobyl accident at the different stages of pregnancy

Author: Igumnov S.A., Drozdovitch V.V.

Reference: Journal: Radiation and Risk (Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry), Year: 1999 Issue: 11

Keywords: intellectual development, mental disorders, behavioral disorders, children, mothers, the impact of pathogenic factors, the impact of radio-ecological factors, the impact of psychosocial factors, pregnancy

Abstract: The study examined psychological development in 187 children at the age of 6-7 and 10-11, who had suffered prenatal radiation exposure at the time of the Chernobyl accident in 1986.

URL:http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/intellektualnoe-razvitie-osobennosti-psihicheskih-i-povedencheskih-rasstroystv-u-detey-materi-kotoryh-podverglis-vozdeystviyu

The influence of the combined action of post -radioactive disaster (Chernobyl) and man-made chemical pollution on physical development and health of children and adolescents of Bryansk region.

Title: The influence of the combined action of post -radioactive disaster (Chernobyl) and man-made chemical pollution on physical development and health of children and adolescents of Bryansk region.

Author: Bulaceva, Madina Borisovna

Reference: Moscow, 2005

Keywords: physical development, children’s health, adolescents, Bryansk region, toxic chemicals

Abstract: To study the effects of post radioactive disaster and man-made chemical contamination of the environment, on physical development and health of the children of Bryansk region.

URL: http://www.dissercat.com/content/vliyanie-sochetannogo-deistviya-posleavariinogo-radioaktivnogo-i-tekhnogennogo-khimicheskogo