Nano-sized colloidal-steady sorbent for decontamination of bulk solids, and methods for decontaminating the bulk solids with its use

Author: S.Yu. Bratskaya, V.A. Avramenko, V.I. Sergienko, Yu.P. Korchagin, A.M. Egorin

Reference: Patent, Vladivostok, 27.12.2009,  patent holder: Institution of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences

Keywords: colloidally-stable nanosorbent, decontamination, soil

Abstract: The invention relates to environmental protection, namely, to the decontamination of soil, ground, sand, ion-exchange resins, slag and other solid granular wastes. It can be applied in nuclear power plants, radio-chemical industries, and territories affected by anthropogenic catastrophe and accidental spills of liquid radioactive waste. The colloid-resistant nano sorbent for decontamination of solid granular materials comprises reaction product, combined with an equivalent amount of cations from the group of transition metals and hexacyanoferrate anion, which are precursors of sorbent formed among stable carboxyl polymer colloid.

URL: http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/240/2401469.html

Methods of removing radionuclide cesium from soil

Author: I.A. Sobolev, L.B. Prozorov, N.I. Komarova, T.V. Molchanova

Reference: Patent, 10.07.2000, Moscow patent holder: Moscow State Enterprise – Joint Environmental-Technological Research Center for the disposal of radioactive waste and the protection of the environment (SIA “Radon”)

Keywords: cesium, soil, decontamination, hydrofluoric and / or fluosilicic acid

Abstract: The invention relates to environmental protection and is aimed to be used for decontamination of soil from radionuclide cesium. Technical results: expansion of the scope, as well as increase of extent, speed and security of implementation. For the decontamination an aqueous solution is applied. The solution is a mixture of oxalic acid concentration, of at least 0.5 M, and water soluble ammonium, potassium or sodium salt of hydrofluoric and / or fluosilicic acid.

URL: http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/215/2152650.html

Method of removing radionuclides from soil

Author: V.V. Strelko, D.I. Shvets, O.A. Glushachenko, N.M. Openko, L.M. Romanov, D.M. Grodzinsky, E.A. Konoplyastaya

Reference: Patent, 10.12.2002, Kiev patent holder: Institute of Sorption and Problems of Endoecology NAS (UA)

Keywords: soil, decontamination, plant

Abstract: The invention relates to environmental protection, in detail, to decontamination of soil affected by disaster at a nuclear power plant. The method includes growing of radiation-sorbable plants on soil, which has absorbed radionuclide materials, removal of the plants and their further utilization. The sort of plant utilized depends on the sort of the contaminating material. As sorbent material, is applied.

URL: http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/219/2194319.html

Method for radioecological monitoring of tritium in the environment of industrial enterprises

Author: A.Z. Burnaev, I.A. Kashirin, A.G. Nikonorov, A.V. Panchenko, T.I. Paramonova, O.G. Polsky, V.A. Smirnov, A.I. Sobolev, T.S. Yakunina

Reference: Patent, 10.02.2004, Moscow patent holder: Moscow State Enterprise – Joint Environmental-Technological Research Center for the disposal of radioactive waste and the protection of the environment (SIA “Radon”)

Keywords: industrial territory, tritium, sampling, soil, water, snow

Abstract: Usage: for specialized facilities for radioactive waste management. Substance: : The method is applied for sampling of surface water, ground and underground waters, snow cover and soil in high security zones, health protection zones and surveillance zones of industrial enterprises. In addition, it carries a selection of control samples of soil and water from plots located outside the influence of the enterprise, not being subjected to contamination by tritium from other industry.

URL: http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/222/2223517.html

Nano-sized colloidal-steady sorbent for decontamination of bulk solids, and methods for decontaminating the bulk solids with its use

Author: S.Yu. Bratskaya, V.A. Avramenko, V.I. Sergienko, Yu.P. Korchagin

Reference: Patent, Vladivostok, 11.1.2010,  patent holder: Institution of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences

Keywords: colloidally-stable nanosorbent, strontium, soil

Abstract: Decontamination of radio-strontium. The proposed colloidally-stable nano sorbent represents reaction product combined with an equivalent amount of calcium cations, or a mixture of barium and sulfate anions in a medium stable emulsion of copolymers of acrylic acid with a particle size of not more than 500 nm. The new nanosorbent is a mobile-selective sorbent, for decontamination of radionuclides strontium, capable, due to its small size of the particles, of penetrating into the pore space of soil, providing efficient extraction of radionuclides.

URL: http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/242/2427419.html

Obtainment and properties of surfactant-modified sorbents for the removal of cesium

Author: E.V. Nogovytsina

Reference: Dissertation, 2002 (published in Ekaterinburg, 2011)

Keywords: radiation liquid waste, decontamination, cesium, sorption

URL: http://library.gpntb.ru/cgi-bin/irbis64r_simplesite/cgiirbis_64.exe

The method of decontaminating soil from radionuclide 137cs

Author: Chirkst D.Е., Chaliyan K.N., Chaliyan A.G.

Reference: Patent, 10.12.1995 patent holder: K.N. Chaliyan

Abstract: The inventive method consists of treatment of contaminated soil with an aqueous solution, containing inorganic ammonium salt and uncomplexed inorganic iron salt, wherein the pH of the aqueous solution is 2-3. The treatment is carried out at a weight ratio of solution and soil 12,5-41,5. The degree of desorption of 137Cs after the treatment is 70-80% 1 table. …

ＵＲＬ：http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/205/2050029.html

Prognosis of accumulation of 137Cs and 90Sr in the herbage of the main types of the Belarus Polessje meadows using agrochemical soil properties

Author: Podolyak A. G., Timofeev S. F., Grebenshikova N. V., Arastovich T. V., Zhdanovich V. P.

Reference: Gazette “РАДИАЦИОННАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ. РАДИОЭКОЛОГИЯ “ (Radiation Biology, Radioecology), 2005

ISSN: 0869-8031

DOI: 574.41.5:539.163:633.2.031:631.82: 631.86:546.36:546.42

Keywords: 137cs, 90sr, accumulation, agricultural sphere, soil

Abstract: On the basis of long-term stationary experience it was established that the minimum accumulation quantities for 137Cs and 90Sr in the herbage of the dry, lowland and flood-plain types of the Belarus Polessje meadows contaminated with Chernobyl radionuclides are determined when the optimum of basic agrochemical soil properties is achieved with application of the scientifically reasonable protective measures. For remote prognosis of radionuclide contents in natural and cultural meadow herbage the use of transfer factors (TFa, (Bq/kg)(kBq/m2)) based on the complex agrochemical parameters–agrochemical cultivation soil index (Icd) and basic saturation degree (V, %), which take into account some soil characteristics simultaneously, is a streamlined approach. This paper provides the equations of linear and multiple regressions, which can be used to calculate the transfer factors for 137Cs and 90Sr uptake and the herbage contamination degree for the main types of meadows of the region, that will allow reducing the volume of forage production (hay, green bulk), which is not adequate to established permissible levels: “Republican allowable levels of the contents of 137Cs and 90Sr in agricultural raw material and forages”.

URL: http://lib.bioinfo.pl/pmid:15810531

Dynamics of radiostrontium leaching from radioactively contaminated floodplain soils of the Yenisei River (English)

Author: E. K. Legin, Yu. I. Trifonov, M. L. Khokhlov, D. N. Suglobov, E. E. Legina, V. K. Legin

Reference: Gazette “Radiochemistry“, 2008

ISSN:

DOI: 10.1134/S1066362208010177

Keywords: strontium, decontamination, waterlogged soils, 90sr, 137cs, river

Abstract: Gleyzation-mediated leaching of radiostrontium from floodplain soils of the Krasnoyarsk Mining and Chemical Combine (MCC) activity zone [Atamanovskii Island (front part), Oseredysh Island (front part), and Berezovyi Island (rear part)] is studied with model systems. Leaching of radiostrontium from waterlogged soils is analyzed in terms of the model of anaerobic biosolubilization of gel films. The leaching of radiostrontium is found to correlate with that of iron, confirming the cosolubilization model. Addition of glucose (0.5%) as a stimulant for growth of iron-reducing microorganisms increases the dynamic coefficient of radiostrontium leaching, particularly in soils with lower organic matter content. The model experiments showed that the radiostrontium leaching rate from floodplain soil is higher by 2–3 orders of magnitude than that of radio-cesium, suggesting the possibility of escape of radiostrontium from the floodplain of the Yenisei River with the intrasoil runoff. This conclusion is supported by the experimental data on the 90Sr/137Cs ratio in the floodplain of the Yenisei River downstream of MCC (0.01–0.1).

URL: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1134%2FS1066362208010177?LI=true#

Colloid transport of radionuclides in soils (English)

Author: A. P. Novikov, S. N. Kalmykov, T. A. Goryachenkova, B. F. Myasoedov

Reference: Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2011

ISSN: 0373-0247

DOI: 10.1134/S1070363211090489

Keywords: radionuclides, change form, contaminated wastewater, soil

Abstract: Radionuclides undergo redistribution and change existence forms (and, therefore, migration dynamics) not only immediately after they enter into the environment, but also during migration. The latter can be associated with changes in the delivery medium (for example, as strongly contaminated wastewaters is diluted by natural), decrease in the concentration of radionuclides (during their sorption and coprecipitation on soil or host rock microparticles), or change in carrier forms (dissolution of fuel matrices). In view of the multifactor nature and complexity of these processes, we set ourselves the task to summarize results obtained at the GEOKHI RAS on the forms of existence and migration dynamics of radionuclides in radioactively contaminated soils. As objects for study we used soils typical of the forest-steppe zone of the Eastern Ural Radioactive Trace (EURT) and taken at a distance of 2 through 8 km from the Trace axis and 2–4 km from the accident place, as well as samples of the high-water bed soils and sediments of the Enisey River, taken 60 km downstream from the Mining Chemical Combine (MCC).

URL: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1134%2FS1070363211090489#