タグ「Lymphocyte」
Title: Analysis of Blood Lymphocyte Subsets in Children Living around Chernobyl Exposed Long-Term to Low Doses of Cesium-137 and Various Doses of Iodine-131
Author: Eugene V. Vykhovanets, Victor P. Chernyshov, Igor I. Slukvin, Yury G. Antipkin, Alexander Vasyuk, and Valerey Colos
Reference: Radiation Research June 2000 : Vol. 153, Issue 6 (Jun 2000), pg(s) 760-772
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1667/0033-7587(2000)153[0760:AOBLSI]2.0.CO;2
Keywords : blood lymphocyte, children, low doses, cesium-137, iodine-131
Abstract: Epidemiological studies have found that children living around Chernobyl have rates of respiratory tract illness that are higher than those seen in the area before the Chernobyl accident. The present study investigates the possible effects of radiation exposure on the composition of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in children living around Chernobyl. Two hundred nineteen healthy children and children suffering from recurrent respiratory diseases aged 6–14 years who received both low doses of radiation to the whole body from 137Cs and various doses of radiation to the thyroid from 131I as fallout from the accident were assessed 5 (1991) and 8–10 years (1994–1996) after the accident. A total of 148 healthy children and children suffering from recurrent respiratory diseases living in noncontaminated areas were also evaluated as controls. Children with recurrent respiratory diseases who lived around Chernobyl had a significantly lower percentage of T cells and a higher percentage of NK cells compared to control children with recurrent respiratory diseases during the study period. In contrast to the findings in 1991, a significant decrease in the percentage of helper-inducer cells was observed in children with recurrent respiratory diseases in 1994–1996. In contrast to 1991, there is a positive correlation between the percentage of helper-inducer cells, the helper-inducer/cytotoxic-suppressor cell ratio, and the dose of radiation to the thyroid of healthy children from 131I in 1994–1996. There was a positive correlation between the dose of radiation to the thyroid from 131I and the percentage of helper-inducer cells in children with recurrent respiratory diseases 5 years (1991) after the accident. Further, the dose of radiation to the thyroid from 131I correlated negatively with the percentage of T and B cells and positively with the percentage of NK cells in children with recurrent respiratory diseases 8–10 years (1994–1996) after the accident. These results raise the possibility that long-term exposure to low doses of 137Cs may have altered the composition of the T-cell subsets and NK cells in children with recurrent respiratory diseases. The differences in the composition of the peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets between healthy children and those with recurrent respiratory diseases may be attributed to long-term low-dose exposure of the whole body to radiation from 137Cs and exposure of the thyroid to radiation from 131I subsequent to the Chernobyl accident.
ＵＲＬ：http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1667/0033-7587%282000%29153%5B0760%3AAOBLSI%5D2.0.CO%3B2?prevSearch=chernobyl%2Bobstetrics&searchHistoryKey=&queryHash=93d611a9bfec5beb1e2f82cb49cf110e
Title: Increased level of chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes of Chernobyl liquidators 6–10 years after the accident
Author: Natalia Slozina, Elizaveta Neronova, Tatiana Kharchenko, Alexey Nikiforov
Reference: Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, Volume 379, Issue 2, 6 October 1997, Pages 121–125
DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0027-5107(97)00113-9
Keywords: Chromosome aberration; Liquidator; Radiation; Micronucleus
Abstract: Chromosomal aberrations (CA) were used to investigate the level of cytogenetical damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes from the liquidators in a remote period (6–10 years) after the Chernobyl accident. There was a significantly higher frequency of chromosomal radiation markers (dicentrics and rings) in the peripheral lymphocytes of the liquidators than in the control subjects. No differences between these groups were demonstrated by the micronucleus (MN) test. Increased frequency of chromatid exchanges was associated with the smoking habits of the liquidators.
ＵＲＬ：http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0027510797001139
Title: Human cytogenetic consequences of the Chernobyl accident
Author: V.A. Schevchenko, E.A. Akayeva, I.M. Yeliseyeva, T.V. Yelisova, E.L. Yofa, I.N. Nilova, A.B. Syomov,
W. Burkart
Reference: Mutation Research/Environmental Mutagenesis and Related Subjects, Volume 361, Issue 1, 26 September 1996, Pages 29–34
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-1161(96)90226-5
Keywords: Chernobyl; Radiation effect; Lymphocyte; Chromosome aberration; Automated dicentric analysis
Abstract: The frequency of chromosomal aberrations was evaluated in more than 500 liquidators of the Chernobyl accident. The ‘sarcophagus’ builders and the dosimetrists showed the highest frequency of aberrations per 100 cells: 3.24 ± 0.25 and 3.11 ± 0.43. For Chernobyl Atomic Power Station staff members the mean frequencies of aberrations per 100 cells was 2.37 ± 0.20. The mean yields of aberrations in the other groups was between 1.31 and 1.47 per 100 cells. If the mean frequencies of aberrations are converted into equivalent whole body doses, values between 136 and 414 mGy are obtained. Especially in the group of ‘sarcophagus’ builders, the yields of aberrations varied interindividually and corresponded to equivalent whole body doses of up to about 2 Gy.
ＵＲＬ：http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165116196902265
Title: Cytogenetic damage in lymphocytes of healthy and thyroid tumor-affected children from the Gomel region (Belarus)
Author: Roberto, Barale / Gemignani, Federica / Morizzo, Carmela / Lori, Adriana / Rossi, Annamaria / Antonelli, Alessandro / Di Pretoro, Giancarlo / (…) / Ballardin, Michela,
Reference: Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, 405 (1), p.89-95, Aug 1998
doi: 10.1016/S0027-5107(98)00118-3
Keywords: Chromosome aberration; Lymphocyte; Child; Thyroid tumor; Ionizing radiation; 137Cs; Chernobyl
Abstract: During 1994, 19 thyroid tumor-affected children and 17 healthy children from the Gomel region, one of the areas most polluted by the Chernobyl fallout, were analysed for (i) the presence of 137Cs in their urine and (ii) chromosome aberrations (CA) in circulating lymphocytes. They were compared with 35 healthy children from Pisa, Italy. Tumor-affected children showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher 137Cs levels in their urine as compared to healthy controls from the Gomel region. No radioactivity was found in urine from the Pisa controls. CA frequency was significantly higher in tumor-affected children compared to the Gomel controls, but was not significantly different between Gomel and Pisa controls. However, dicentric chromosomes were found in a significantly (p < 0.01) greater proportion in both affected and healthy Gomel children (3.4 and cells, respectively) as compared to the Pisa controls ( cells). Multiple regression analysis showed that the proportion of cells with acentric fragments, dicentric and ring chromosomes was significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with the amount of 137Cs excreted in their urine. These findings suggest that children from the Gomel region were still being exposed to radionuclides, which makes it possible to study a dose-effect relationship.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0027510798001183
Title: Chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes and clastogenic factors in plasma detected in Belarus children 10 years after Chernobyl accident
Author: Gemignani, Federica / Ballardin, Michela / Maggiani, Francesca / Rossi, Anna M / Antonelli, A / Barale, Roberto
Reference: Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 446 (2), p.245-253, Dec 1999
doi: 10.1016/S1383-5718(99)00194-1
Keywords: Chromosome aberrant cells; Lymphocytes; Clastogenic factors; Belarus; Chernobyl accident
Abstract: In 1996, 10 years after Chernobyl accident, a cytogenetic analysis was carried out to assess whether chromosome aberrant cells (CA) were still detectable in the lymphocytes and clastogenic factors (CFs) were present in the plasma of children coming from Gomel (Belarus), one of the most heavily contaminated regions. Furthermore, the possible contribution of plasmatic CFs to the amount of CA was investigated. The presence of CA was examined in the lymphocytes from 29 thyroid tumour-affected children and 41 healthy children (local controls). Thirty healthy children living in Pisa (Italy) were enrolled in the study as additional controls from an uncontaminated area….
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1383571899001941
Title: Immunological Effects of the Chernobyl Accident
Author: Bazyka, D
Reference: Encyclopedia of Environmental Health, Jan 2011
ISBN:9780444522726
Keywords: 12-HETE; Acute radiation syndrome; Chernobyl; Immunity; Lymphocyte; Radiation; Stem cells; T-cell receptor
Abstract: …1 ). The first cancer case was diagnosed…NK) cells and cancer induction after radiation exposure in Chernobyl victims, but…incorporation to thyroid could affect the…in proximity to thyroid gland, is a critical…maturation. After Chernobyl, the signs of its…
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780444522726000830
