Title: Radioactivity in mushrooms, mosses and soil samples of defined biotops in SW Bavaria-two years after “Chernobyl”
Author: E. F. Elstner, Rita Fink, W. Höll, E. Lengfelder, H. Ziegler
Reference:Oecologia, August I 1989, Volume 80, Issue 2, pp 173-177
doi: 10.1007/BF00380147
Keywords : Cesium isotopes, Chernobyl, 40K, Mushrooms
Abstract:Mushrooms, the moos/grass layer and soil samples have been collected in autumn 1987 from two sites in SW-Bavaria in continuation of a former investigation (Elstner et al. 1987). There were still relatively high amounts of 137Cs and 134Cs in all samples. The ratio 137Cs/134Cs changed according to the different half-life times of the two radioisotopes, indicating in nearly all cases the Chernobyl accident as source. The distribution of the radioisotopes within the mushroom populations shows considerable variation, even within the same species and location. Besides 137Cs, 134Cs and 40K no other radioisotopes were detected.
ＵＲＬ: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00380147
Title: Effect of chronic irradiation on plant resistance to biotic stress in 30-km Chernobyl nuclear power plant exclusion zone
Author: A. P. Dmitriev, D. M. Grodzinskii, N. I. Gushcha, M. S. Kryzhanovskaya
Reference:Russian Journal of Plant Physiology , November 2011, Volume 58, Issue 6, pp 1062-1068
doi: 10.1134/S1021443711060045
Keywords : Triticum aestivum, Secale cereale, Zea mays, Erysiphe graminis, Puccinia triticana, P. graminis, phytoimmunity, exclusion zone of Chernobyl Nuclear Power plant, low doses of chronic irradiation, plant inhibitors of proteinases
Abstract:It was established in greenhouse experiments that infection with powdery moldew (Erysiphe graminis DC. f. sp. tritici Em. Marchal) and brown rust (Puccinia triticana Erikss. & Henn.) of three wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars (Mironovskaya 808, Polesskay 70, and Kiyanka) grown from seeds, collected in the Chernobyl exclusion zone, was 1.5–2.0 times higher than of plants grown from control seeds. On field trials in the Chernobyl zone, wheat plant resistance to biotic stress was reduced. At artificial infection with brown rust, the disease development was enhanced on plots with increased radiation background. One of the mechanisms of the declined phytoimmunity potential under the action of low doses of chronic irradiation is evidently a reduced activity of plant proteinase inhibitors. Thus, in wheat and rye (Secale cereale L., cv. Saratovskaya) grains, their activity reduced by 35–60% as compared to control. Active form and race formation in the population of the cereal stem rust causal agent (Puccinia graminis Pers.) was observed in the Chernobyl zone. A “new” population of this fungus with high frequency of more virulent clones than in other Ukraine regions was distinguished. The results obtained independently in greenhouse and field trials performed in the Chernobyl zone demonstrated radiation stress influence on the pathogen-plant interactions. They indicate a necessity of monitoring the microevolutionary processes occurring in both plants and their pathogens under conditions of technogenic stresses.
ＵＲＬ: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S1021443711060045
Title: Radioactivity in rainwater following the Chernobyl accident
Author: Dennis A. Wheeler
Reference:Environmentalist , Spring 1987, Volume 7, Issue 1, pp 31-34
doi: 10.1007/BF02277203
Keywords :
Abstract:Rainfall is a widely-acknowledged vehicle for the removal and deposition at ground level of atmospheric-borne materials. The events following the Chernobyl accident demonstrated once again the importance of atmospheric conditions in dispersing, transporting and depositing pollutants. Much attention has been paid to the contamination of vegetation and food products, yet the quality of the contaminated rainwater has been overlooked. This paper reports and summarises the findings from Great Britain and Scandinavia and shows that the issue is far from simple or easily understood.
ＵＲＬ:http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02277203
Title: Genetic Impact of Low-Dose Radiation on Human and Non-Human Biota in Chernobyl, Ukraine
Author: Natasha A. Maznik
Reference: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment , Volume 51, Issue 1-2 , pp 497-506
doi: 10.1023/A:1005979319298
ＵＲＬ: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A%3A1005979319298
Title: Micronuclei in lymphocytes of children from the vicinity of Chernobyl before and after 131I therapy for thyroid cancer
Author: Wuttke K, Streffer C, Müller WU, Reiners C, Biko J, Demidchik E.
Reference: 1996, Vol. 69, No. 2 , Pages 259-268
doi: 10.1080/095530096146101
Keywords :
Abstract: The present study addresses the monitoring of children from the Belorussian and Ukrainian Republics exposed to the fall-out of the Chernobyl accident. Micronucleus analysis has been performed on 56 children from different areas. The micronucleus frequencies in individuals as well as in regional groups were comparable with controls, except for three donors. Such results had to be expected, taking into account that at least 7 years have passed since the accident. Most of the children whose micronucleus frequencies were determined are suffering from thyroid cancer and were treated by radioiodine (131I) therapy. We studied the effect of in vitro exposure with 131I on micronucleus induction and that proliferative ability of lymphocytes. The present investigation indicates that micronuclei can be usefully employed to detect individual exposures to the incorporated radionuclide within several days after the intake of the radionuclide in a dose range of around 65-390 mGy (effective dose).
ＵＲＬ: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8609463
Title: The impact of ionizing radiation on placental trophoblasts
Author: D.J. Kanter, M.B. O’Brien, X.-H. Shi, T. Chu, T. Mishima, S. Beriwal, M.W. Epperly, P. Wipf, J.S. Greenberger, Y. Sadovsky
Reference: Placenta, Volume 35, Issue 2, February 2014, Pages 85-91
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2013.12.011
Keywords : Placenta; Trophoblast; Ionizing radiation; Microarray; JP4-039
Abstract: Exposure to low-dose radiation is widespread and attributable to natural sources. However, occupational, medical, accidental, and terrorist-related exposures remain a significant threat. Information on radiation injury to the feto-placental unit is scant and largely observational. We hypothesized that radiation causes trophoblast injury, and alters the expression of injury-related transcripts in vitro or in vivo, thus affecting fetal growth.
ＵＲＬ: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0143400413008710
Title: Strategy for population protection and area rehabilitation in Russia in the remote period after the Chernobyl accident
Author: Balonov MI, Anisimova LI, Perminova GS
Reference: J Radiol Prot 19:261–269, (1999)
doi: 10.1088/0952-4746/19/3/304
Keywords : population, contamination, protection, radionuclides
Abstract: The report presents the history of the development of criteria for radiation and social protection of the Russian population residing in the areas contaminated with radionuclides after the Chernobyl accident, in the remote time periods after the accident. The tendencies for reduction of standards with time are shown, and their causes are analysed. It is noted that the optimization principle was not applied in the explicit form for population protection. The current radiation situation in the contaminated areas of Russia is described, and the future situation is forecast. Main pathways of external and internal population exposure are described. Modern possibilities for reduction of the population exposure dose are discussed. The authors propose promising criteria and methods for population protection and rehabilitation of contaminated areas in Russia.
ＵＲＬ: http://iopscience.iop.org/0952-4746/19/3/304/
Title: External and internal irradiation of a Rural Bryansk (Russia) population from 1990 to 2000, following high deposition of radioactive caesium from the chernobyl accident
Author: C. Thornberg, R. Vesanen, E. Wallström, I. Zvonova, T. Jesko, M. Balonov, S. Mattsson
Reference: Radiation and Environmental Biophysics, Volume 44, Issue 2 , pp 97-106
doi: 10.1007/s00411-005-0007-2
Keywords : radiocesium, Bryansk
Abstract: In 1990, a joint Nordic-Russian project was initiated in order to make independent estimations of the effective dose to selected groups of inhabitants in a highly contaminated area around the city of Novozybkov in the western Bryansk region of Russia. The inhabitants were living in six villages with initial contamination levels of 137Cs between 0.9 and 2.7 MBq m−2. Some villages had been decontaminated, others not. Both school children and adults participated in the study.
ＵＲＬ: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00411-005-0007-2
Title: Childhood leukemia in Belarus before and after the Chernobyl accident
Author: E. P. Ivanov, G. V. Tolochko, L. P. Shuvaeva, S. Becker, E. Nekolla, A. M. Kellerer
Reference: Radiation and Environmental Biophysics, Volume 35, Issue 2 , pp 75-80
doi: 10.1007/BF02434028
Keywords : leukemia, Belarus
Abstract: Childhood leukemia (ICD 204–208 [1]) incidence rates in the different regions of Belarus are reported for a period before and after the Chernobyl accident (1982–1994). There are, at this point, no recognizable trends towards higher rates.
ＵＲＬ: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02434028
Title: Micronucleus formation in lymphocytes of children from the vicinity of Chernobyl after 131I therapy
Author: W.-U. Müller, S. Dietl, K. Wuttke, C. Reiners, J. Biko, E. Demidchik, C. Streffer
Reference: Radiation and Environmental Biophysics , May 2004, Volume 43, Issue 1, pp 7-13
doi: 10.1007/s00411-004-0233-z
Keywords : Lymphocytes, children, Iodine-131, thyroid tumours
Abstract: After the Chernobyl accident a statistically significant increase in the number of children with thyroid tumours was observed. In this study 166 children with and 75 without thyroid tumours were analysed for micronucleus formation in peripheral blood lymphocytes using the cytochalasin B approach. The following factors did not significantly affect micronucleus formation: gender, age at the time of the first 131I treatment, tumour stage, tumour type, or metastases; a statistically significant increase in the number of micronuclei, however, was observed for the residents of Gomel compared to other locations, such as Brest, Grodno, and Minsk. The children with tumours received 131I treatment after surgical resection of the tumours. This gave us the opportunity to systematically follow the effect of 131I on micronucleus formation. A marked increase was observed 5 days after the 131I treatment followed by a decrease within a 4–7 months interval up to the next application, but the pre-treatment levels were not achieved. Up to 10 therapy cycles were followed each including an analysis of micronucleus formation before and 5 days after 131I application. The response of the children was characterised by clear individual differences and the increase/decrease pattern of micronucleus frequencies induced by iodine-131 was correlated with a decrease/increase pattern in the number of lymphocytes.
ＵＲＬ: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00411-004-0233-z
