Transgenerational accumulation of radiation damage in small mammals chronically exposed to Chernobyl fallout

Title: Transgenerational accumulation of radiation damage in small mammals chronically exposed to Chernobyl fallout

Author: Nadezhda I. Ryabokon, R. I. Goncharova

Reference: Radiation and Environmental Biophysics, September 2006, Volume 45, Issue 3, pp 167-177

DOI: 10.1007/s00411-006-0054-3

Keywords : radiation, accumulation, mammals, Chernobyl fallout

Abstract: The purpose of this investigation has been the analysis of the long-term development of biological damage in natural populations of a model mammalian species, the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus, Schreber), which were chronically exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation over 22 animal generations within 10 years following the Chernobyl accident. The time course of the biological end-points (chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells and embryonic lethality) was compared with the time course of the whole-body absorbed dose rate from external and internal exposure in the studied populations inhabiting monitoring sites in Belarus with different ground deposition of radionuclides. The yield of chromosome aberrations and, in lesser degree, embryonic lethality was associated with the radionuclide contamination of the monitoring areas in a dose-dependent manner. As a main feature of the long-term development of biological damage under low dose rate irradiation, permanently elevated levels of chromosome aberrations and an increasing frequency of embryonic lethality have developed over 22 animal generations. This contrasts with the assumption that the biological damage would gradually disappear since in the same period of time the whole-body absorbed dose rate decreased exponentially with a half-value time of about 2.5–3 years. Furthermore, gravid females were captured, and their offspring, born and grown up under contamination-free laboratory conditions, showed the same enhanced level of chromosome aberrations. Therefore the authors suggest that, along with the biological damage attributable to the individual exposure of each animal, the observed cellular and systemic effects reflect the transgenerational transmission and accumulation, via genetic and/or epigenetic pathways, of damage attributable to the chronic low-dose rate exposure of the preceding generations of animals. They also suggest that the level of the accumulated transmissible damage in the investigated populations will decrease in future due to the further recession of the chronic exposure and as a consequence of selection processes.

ＵＲＬ：http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00411-006-0054-3

Features of 137Cs accumulation in fish of different trophic levels in water reservoirs, contaminated as a result of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident.

Title: Features of 137Cs accumulation in fish of different trophic levels in water reservoirs, contaminated as a result of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident.

Author: Polyakova, Natalia Igorevna

Reference: Moscow, 2008

Keywords: accumulation of cesium-137, ichthyology, fish, water reservoirs, contamination with radionuclides

Abstract: The aim of this work was a detailed study of the l37Cs accumulation features in fish of different trophic levels in reservoirs of different types (river, lake, water reservoir), contaminated after the Chernobyl accident.

URL:http://www.dissercat.com/content/osobennosti-nakopleniya-137cs-u-ryb-raznykh-troficheskikh-urovnei-iz-vodoemov-zagryaznennykh

The contents in ground, products and entering of 90Sr and 137Cs global fall-out into the organism of the people inhabitants before the failure on the Chernobyl atomic power station

Author: Mironchik A. F.

Reference: Bulletin of Belorussian-Russian University, 2008

ISSN: 2077-8481

DOI: 631.438 : 658.562

Keywords: 90sr, 137cs, accumulation, agricultural products, before Chernobyl disaster

Abstract: The paper outlines the latitude dependence of radioactive substances fall-out after nuclear weapon tests on the territory of the globe and the accumulation of 137Cs and 90Sr in different kinds of agricultural products produced in the former USSR before the Chernobyl disaster. The available data are compared with results given by other countries.

URL: http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=17101280

Prognosis of accumulation of 137Cs and 90Sr in the herbage of the main types of the Belarus Polessje meadows using agrochemical soil properties

Author: Podolyak A. G., Timofeev S. F., Grebenshikova N. V., Arastovich T. V., Zhdanovich V. P.

Reference: Gazette “РАДИАЦИОННАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ. РАДИОЭКОЛОГИЯ “ (Radiation Biology, Radioecology), 2005

ISSN: 0869-8031

DOI: 574.41.5:539.163:633.2.031:631.82: 631.86:546.36:546.42

Keywords: 137cs, 90sr, accumulation, agricultural sphere, soil

Abstract: On the basis of long-term stationary experience it was established that the minimum accumulation quantities for 137Cs and 90Sr in the herbage of the dry, lowland and flood-plain types of the Belarus Polessje meadows contaminated with Chernobyl radionuclides are determined when the optimum of basic agrochemical soil properties is achieved with application of the scientifically reasonable protective measures. For remote prognosis of radionuclide contents in natural and cultural meadow herbage the use of transfer factors (TFa, (Bq/kg)(kBq/m2)) based on the complex agrochemical parameters–agrochemical cultivation soil index (Icd) and basic saturation degree (V, %), which take into account some soil characteristics simultaneously, is a streamlined approach. This paper provides the equations of linear and multiple regressions, which can be used to calculate the transfer factors for 137Cs and 90Sr uptake and the herbage contamination degree for the main types of meadows of the region, that will allow reducing the volume of forage production (hay, green bulk), which is not adequate to established permissible levels: “Republican allowable levels of the contents of 137Cs and 90Sr in agricultural raw material and forages”.

URL: http://lib.bioinfo.pl/pmid:15810531

ACCUMULATION OF CAESIUM-137 IN NATURAL AND AGRICULTURAL GRASS ECOSYSTEMS ON RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATED TERRITORY OF TULA REGION

Author: Romantsova N.А., Paramonova Т.А.

Reference: journal “XXI ВЕК: ИТОГИ ПРОШЛОГО И ПРОБЛЕМЫ НАСТОЯЩЕГО ПЛЮС” (XXI CENTURY: PAST AND PRESENT PROBLEMS PLUS), 2012

ISSN: 2221-951x

DOI: 57.045:57.042

Keywords: 137cs, agricultural products, accumulation, soil

Abstract: The investigation of accumulation levels of 137Cs in biomass of main field crop rotation cultures (wheat, barley, potato) and of meadow ecosystems in -Plavsk radioactive spot of Tula region demonstrated that at density of radioactive pollution of soils ~200-430 кBq/m2(5-12 Ki/km2) green parts of plants accumulate 0,01-0,02 кBq/m2, and underground parts œ 0,1-3,3 кBq/m2. Accumulation 137Cs in biomass depends on biological features of vegetation, and also is in close direct dependence with accumulation of 137Cs in soils.

URL: http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=18202241

Effect of multiple irrigation with water, containing radionuclides, accumulating in different organs of agricultural plants (tomato)

Author: Mel’chenko A.I., Zhivchikov V.G., Mel’chenko E.A.

Reference: Gazette “ТРУДЫ КУБАНСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО АГРАРНОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА“ (Proceedings of Kuban State Agrarian University), 2011

ISSN: 1999-1703

Keywords: accumulation, radionuclides, tomato

Abstract: Describes various conditions of accumulation of radionuclides in agricultural products, according to diverse ways of irrigation with water. Experiments on tomato. 

URL: http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=17286438

Effect of multiple irrigation with water, containing radionuclides, accumulating in different organs of agricultural plants

Author: Mel’chenko A.I., Zhivchikov V.G., Mel’chenko E.A.

Reference: Gazette “ТРУДЫ КУБАНСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО АГРАРНОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА“ (Proceedings of Kuban State Agrarian University), 2011

ISSN: 1999-1703

DOI: 504.53.062.4

Keywords: 134cs, 238u, accumulation, agricultural products

Abstract: Article on detailed experiments, as well as its prevention, on accumulation of radionuclides 134cs and 238u in bracts and cabbages.

URL: http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=17050712

Method of the Quantified Complete Estimation of Soil Properties for Prediction of Radinuclide Accumulation by Plants

Author: Prister B. S., Biesold H., Deville-Cavelin G.

Reference: Gazette “РАДИАЦИОННАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ. РАДИОЭКОЛОГИЯ “ (Radiation Biology, Radioecology), 2003

ISSN: 0869-8031

Keywords: plant, accumulation, estimation method

Abstract: A method is founded on consideration of soil as three-phase system where soil solution reaction (pH), absorbing capacity (E) and content of organic matter (OM) are the main characteristics. The method of complete estimation of soil properties (CESP) for quantified analysis of radionuclide soil-to-plant TF dependence on soil properties is grounded and proposed. The area of an effective section (relative units)2 calculated as an area of the triangle with apexes lying in co-ordinates of normalised vectors pH, E and OM in three-dimensional space for complete estimation is used. It is shown that the dependence of Cs TF to various crops on CESP can be approximated by equation of power law.

URL: http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=17326259

Estimation of the levels of plutonium isotopes in soil and bed deposits during environmental radiological monitoring

Author: Shatokhin AM, Loginov AA, Umniashova EE, Krasotkin VA.

Reference: Gazette “ГИГИЕНА И САНИТАРИЯ“ (Hygiene and sanitary), 2003

ISSN: 0016-9900         

DOI:  614.77:615.849.2:546.799.4]-073.584

Keywords: plutonium, 238pu, 239pu, 240pu, 242pu, isotopes, soil

Abstract: The paper deals with the development of a highly sensitive method for determining plutonium isotopes (238Pu, 239Pu + 240Pu, 242Pu) in the solid samples of environmental objects with preliminary radiochemical preparation. The chosen conditions for preparation of samples permit effective separation of plutonium from mixing alpha-radiating radionuclides and allow plutonium to release in the radiochemically pure form to a sample to be calculated. Spectrometric measurements of the calculated samples and identification of isotopes were made on a “Progress-alpha” alpha-spectrometric unit having a silicon semiconductor detector. The developed procedure is rather reliable in identifying and estimating the content of major plutonium isotopes in the soil and bed deposits at their background values (1 Bc/kg or higher). The paper presents the results of analysis of samples of the soil selected during radioecological monitoring in the South-Western Okrug of Moscow, as well as the alpha-spectra obtained.

URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12680108

Long-term dynamics of radioactive 90Sr and 137Cs contamination of small mammals in the Chernobyl zone

Title: Long-term dynamics of radioactive 90Sr and 137Cs contamination of small mammals in the Chernobyl zone

Author: Maklyuk Yu.A., Maksimenko A.M., Gashchak S.P., Bondarkov M.D., Chizhevskii I.V.

Reference:  Russian Journal of Ecology, May 2007, Volume 38, Issue 3, pp 181-189

ISSN: 1067-4136

DOI:  10.1134/S106741360703006X

Keywords: small mammals, 137Cs, 90Sr, radionuclide accumulation

Abstract: Between 1986 and 1994, a decrease in nonalimentary ⁹⁰Sr and ¹³⁷Cs intake and changes in the accessibility of radionuclides in the soil-plant link of their cycle resulted in a 10-to 100-fold decrease in their specific activity (SA) in the bodies of small mammals inhabiting the Chernobyl zone, and a similar decrease was observed in the radionuclide transition factor (TF) in the soil-animal chain. Between 1995 and 2005, no consistent increase or decrease in SA or TF could be revealed against the background of a combined effect of different physicochemical and ecological factors. It is suggested that subsequent changes in the level of radioactive contamination of small mammals will generally reflect only the dynamics of physical ⁹⁰Sr and ¹³⁷Cs decay, but, nevertheless, seasonal and local variations in this level will be significant.

URL: http://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=14000068