カテゴリー「contamination and decontamination」
Author: D.W. Awkers
Reference: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory commission, 2002
Keywords: decontamination, ion exchange resin, extraction
Abstract: As part of a study being performed for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), small-scale waste specimens were collected following an AP/CAN-DEREM full-system decontamination of the reactor vessel of the Indian Point 2 reactor vessel in March 1995. CAN-DEREM is a modified version of a reduction process developed by Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. for that country’s heavy-water CANDU reactors. The INEEL research was undertaken to support licensing needs for reviewing radiological and chemical data and information to address uncertainties associated with disposal of low-level radioactive decontamination waste in performance assessment modeling. This report presents information on radionuclide and chelate characteristics of decontamination radwaste on ion-exchange resins. The information is expected to reduce uncertainties associated with developing radionuclide inventories for the performance assessment.
URL: http://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/nuregs/contract/cr6766/cr6766.pdf
Author: E.P. Emets, L.A. Mamaev, P.P. Poluetkov, A.B. Ozolin, V.P. Stelmachuk, S.L. Khrabrov
Reference: Patent, 10.09.2003, Moscow patent holder: All-Russian research institute of inorganic materials named after A.A. Bochvar
Keywords: metal, decontamination, monobath method, nitric acid
Abstract: The invention relates to nuclear technology, namely to decontamination of radioactively contaminated metals. The cleaning composition consists of: nitric acid (15.0~25.0%), sulfamic acid (0.1~4.0%), hydrofluoric acid (0.5~2.0%) and water (the rest). The method allows to implement monobath method of decontamination, in low temperature, which greatly simplifies the technical process, and it reduces the quantity of liquid waste by conducting effective decontamination.
URL: http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/221/2212073.html
Author: V.I. Boiko, I.D. Brus, V.A. Vlasov, V.P. Dmitrienko, I.I. Zherin, V.V. Lazarchuk, N.S. Turayev
Reference: Patent, 18.06.2007, Tomsk patent holder: Tomsk Polytechnic University
Keywords: decontamination, nuclear fuel cycle, nuclear submarine, gaseous medium
Abstract: The invention relates to nuclear technology and can be applied for decontamination of equipment in nuclear fuel cycle and nuclear submarines. As for the method, an enclosed space is used, into which placed the equipment, to be decontaminated, and the space is filled with chemically active gasous medium. The process is the following: enclose space; emit a part of air; fill the space with saturated vapor and chlorine, up to a certain pressure; keep the condition for 24 hours. Then, the chlorides, formed on the contaminated surfaces, are removed by spray for further recycle.
URL: http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/234/2341837.html
Author: Yu.P. Kudryavsky, Yu.A. Ryaposov, O.V. Rakhimova I.N. Lipunov, A.S. Teplounov, S.A. Onorin, M.V. Zilberman, N.K. Zhulanov, I.Yu. Eremin, N.I. Polezhaev, A.I. Medvedev
Reference: Patent, 28.04.2003, Berezniki paten holder: Research-production environmental company “Eco-technology”
Keywords: radioactive waste, decontamination
Abstract: The invention relates to chemical technology, namely to technology of nonorganic materials. It can be used for deactivation and decontamination of radioactive waste, from industries, containing Th-232 and daughter products of its decay (Ra-228, Ra-224), as well as REM, Fe, Cr, Mn, Al, Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta, Ca, Mg, Na, K, etc. The method contains dissolving of the waste, process of solutions or slurry of barium chloride, with acid and lime milk, and separation of precipitate from the solution.
URL: http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/224/2246772.html
Author: V.I. Tikhonov, V.K. Kapustin, P.N. Moskalev
Reference: Patent, 27.08.2008, Gatchina patent holder: B.P. Konstantinov Institute of nuclear physics, St. Petersburg RAS
Keywords: liquid waste, fixation
Abstract: The invention relates to treatment of liquid radioactive waste. Long-lived radionuclides are emitted from nitric acid solution of spent nuclear fuel to a solid phase, in form of acetates, oxides or other compounds, which do not contain strongly activated neutron elements. Then, the radionuclides are imputed and fixed into carbon matrix.
URL: http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/234/2343575.html
Author: A.K. Andrianov, B.A. Gusev, V.V Krivobokov
Reference: Patent, 29.01.2007, Sosnovyi Bor patent holder: State enterprise scientific-research centre of technology named after A.P. Aleksandrov
Keywords: liquid waste, solidification, phosphor
Abstract: The invention relates to treatment of liquid radioactive waste, namely to methods of concentrating the waste by evaporation (thermal distillation) and solidifying of radioactive concentrates. During the treatment, salt solution is evaporated at a given temperature and pH of the solution. After gaining salt concentrate in the evaporated solution, close to saturation, the evaporation is conducted in phosphoric acid medium, at 150~1870g/l of concentration of phosphoric acid and temperature of 105~130℃. The concentrated salt is solidified by phosphate binders.
URL: http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/233/2336584.html
Author: V.I. Gusarov, V.V. Prozorov, A.A. Lysenko, Yu.I. Slepokon, V.A. Doilnitsyin, A.V. Oblogin, A.N. Bukreyev
Reference: Patent, 27.12.2002, Sosnovyi Bor patent holder: Kursk atomic station
Keywords: internal surfaces, circuit, decontamination, nitric acid solution
Abstract: The invention relates to nuclear power engineering, and can be applied for removal of radioactive contamination from internal surfaces of circuit of nuclear power plants. The method includes treatment of energy equipment, using nitric acid solution (45-100ml/l) at a temperature of 80-100C for 5-17 hours.
URL: http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/219/2195728.html
Author: A.P. Vasilyev, M.E. Netecha, B.P. Frolov, G.A. Khacheresov
Reference: Patent, 27.07.2001, Moscow patent holder: State Unitary Enterprise “Research and Development Institute of Power Engineering”
Keywords: metallic surface, decontamination, electric arc discharge, granulation in water
Abstract: The invention relates to nuclear technology and can be applied for decontamination of metallic surfaces of equipment in nuclear power plants. The material, with metallic surface contamination, is placed in a container; Movable electrode, with gap according to the contaminated surface, is installed; Connect the material and the electrode to the terminals of pulse generator. Then water is poured into the gap and the electric arc is ignited. The high temperature, caused by the arc, melts the metallic surface. Under the force of the electro-shock, occurs a quenching of the discharge, wherein the molten metal is ejected out of the hole and granulated in cold water.
URL: http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/217/2171511.html
Author: E.P. Larin, V.N. Chvatov, A.G. Petrov, A.V. Soldatkin, S.V. Gribanenkov
Reference: Patent, 27.01.1999, Sosnovyi Bor patent holder: State enterprise Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant named after V.I. Lenin
Keywords: liquid waste, treatment, potassium cobalt ferrocyanide
Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of disposal of radioactive waste from nuclear plants, in particular to radioactive waste liquid. The method consists of heating the oil, of alkaline potassium permanganate, and ferrocyanide collector to 80oC, in volume ratio of the two being 0.5:5:0 (collector:oil), with formation of coagulant and subsequent separation of radioactive sludge. As ferrocyanide collector, 1. potassium cobalt ferrocyanide or 2. mixture of potassium nickel ferrocyanide and potassium cobalt ferrocyanide can be used.
URL: http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/212/2125745.html
Author: O.M. Slyunchev, D.E. Rezchikov
Reference: Patent, 27.10.2004, Ozersk patent holder: Mayak Production Association
Keywords: liquid waste, treatment, evaporation
Abstract: The invention relate to treatment of liquid radioactive wastes. The method consists of preliminary evaporation of the solution with obtainment of regenerated nitric acid and distillation residue. Then, neutralization of the distillation residue to pH1~2, and partial reduction of ferric iron, using sodium sulfite, to mixed valence state of Fe3+:Fe2+=2:1, are conducted.
URL: http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/225/2257626.html
