カテゴリー「thyroid cancer」
Title: Facts and Controversies About Radiation Exposure, Part 1: Controlling Unnecessary Radiation Exposures
Author: Strzelczyk, Jadwiga (Jodi) / Damilakis, John / Marx, M. Victoria / Macura, Katarzyna J.
Reference: Journal of the American College of Radiology, 3 (12), p.924-931, Dec 2006
doi: 10.1016/j.jacr.2006.07.009
Keywords: Radiation exposure; radiation protection; stochastic effects of radiation; deterministic effects of radiation; radiation biology; radiation epidemiology ,The Chernobyl Legacy
Abstract: In this 2-part article, the authors address the need to put in perspective the risks of radiation exposure in the rapidly changing field of radiology, considering the current state of knowledge of effects at low levels. The article is based on the content of the refresher course RC 516 presented at the Radiological Society of North America’s 2005 annual meeting. After a brief review of epidemiologic studies, part 1 contains a discussion of typical radiation doses experienced in medicine, by both patients and professionals, and it concludes with a description of practical approaches to reduce unnecessary exposures. Part 2 of the article addresses a special concern for the unborn and discusses advisory and regulatory cancer risk estimates based mainly on epidemiologic studies. The limitations of epidemiologic studies at low-level exposures and recent new findings in radiobiology, some of which are summarized, challenge the notion that any amount of radiation causes adverse effects.
…consequences of the Chernobyl accident, there…1,800 cases of thyroid cancer in children [ 5…the accident, the Chernobyl Forum, consisting…update document on Chernobyl legacy [ 8 ]. Thyroid cancer in children, linked…
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1546144006003978
Title: Well-differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid
Author: Boone, Ryan T / Fan, Chun-Yang / Hanna, Ehab Y
Reference: Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, 36 (1), p.73-90, Feb 2003
doi: 10.1016/S0030-6665(02)00127-5
Keywords: Fine needle aspiration biopsy, Staging, Pathology, Papillary carcinoma, Follicular carcinoma, Hurthle cell carcinoma, Treatment, Thyroidectomy, Neck dissection, Adjuvant treatment, Prognosis, Special considerations, Cancer of the thyroid in children, Cancer of the thyroid during pregnancy
Abstract: …family history of thyroid disease or cancer is important in…underlying undiagnosed thyroid disease. A nodule…aftermath of the Chernobyl nuclear accident…duration of the thyroid mass and any associated…patients with thyroid cancer as they usually…
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0030666502001275
Title: Leukaemia incidence after iodine-131 exposure
Author: Hall, P. / Lundell, G. / Mattsson, A. / Wiklund, K. / Holm, L.-E. / Lidberg, M. / Boice, J.D., Jr / (…) / Tennvall, J.
Reference: The Lancet, 340 (8810), p.xxviii-4, Jul 1992
doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(92)92421-B
Keywords:leukaemia, iodine-131
Abstract: One reason for the absence of a radiation effect, other than chance, includes the possible lowering of risk when exposure is protracted over time as occurs with 131I. Excess leukaemia risks of more than 25% could thus be excluded with high assurance in this population of mainly adults. These results should be reassuring to patients exposed to 131I in medical practice and to most individuals exposed to the fall-out from the Chernobyl accident.
…hyperthyroidism or thyroid cancer. The observed…fall-out from the Chernobyl accident…treated for thyroid cancer, bone-marrow…fall-out from the Chernobyl accident…from National Cancer Insititute…treatment of thyroid carcinoma Br…
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/014067369292421B
Title: Summaries of articles in this issue Thyroid cancer in Ukraine after the Chernobyl accident
Author: W F Heidenreich
Reference: Journal of Radiological Protection, 24 (3), Sep 2004
doi: 10.1088/0952-4746/24/3/E01
Keywords:
Abstract: et al (283–293) The rate of incidence of childhood thyroid cancer in northern Ukraine during 1986–98 is described as a function of time-since-exposure, age-at-exposure and sex. After a minimum latent period of about three years, the excess absolute risk (EAR) coefficient (EAR/Gy) shows a linear rise with time-since-exposure for at least nine years, and is roughly constant with ageat- exposure up to 15 years. The EAR coefficient is greater for girls, by about a factor of two at very young ages, which increases to about five for ages-at-exposure of 16–18 years. In terms of absolute risk, the thyroid of young children is not more sensitive to radiation-induced cancer than the thyroid of older children. Since the background risk of thyroid cancer in increasing with attained age, a constant absolute risk implies a decreasing relative risk.
URL: http://iopscience.iop.org/0952-4746/24/3/E01/pdf/0952-4746_24_3_E01.pdf
Title: Guidance Potassium Iodide as a Thyroid Blocking Agent in Radiation Emergencies December 2001 4825fnl.PDF
Author: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER)
Reference: [PDF-40K]Aug 2008
Keywords:
Abstract: This guidance represents the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA’s) current thinking on this topic. It does not create or confer any rights for or on any person and does not operate to bind FDA or the public. An alternative approach may be used if such approach satisfies the requirements of the applicable statutes and regulations.
…cause-effect relationship between thyroid radioiodine deposition and thyroid cancer risk. 2 The Chernobyl reactor accident of April 1986…Islanders. Thus, the increase in thyroid cancer seen after Chernobyl is attributable to ingested or…
URL: http://www.orau.org/ptp/PTP%20Library/library/FDA/misc/thyblock.pdf
Title: Dynamics of thyroid cancer incidence in Russia following the Chernobyl accident: eco-epidemiological analysis Medical Radiological Research Center of RAMS, Obninsk
Author: Ivanov V.K., Tsyb A.F., Gorsky A.I., Maksioutov M.A.
Reference: SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES [PDF-172K]Apr 2001
Keywords:
Abstract: The paper presents the analysis of thyroid cancer incidence in the territories of Russia that were most contaminated after the Chernobyl accident. Incidence data in the Bryansk, Kaluga, Orel and Tula regions (5,298 thousand persons) are used. Information on incidence has been obtained from regional oncological dispensaries (state health institutions involved in diagnosis and treatment of malignant neoplasms). Altogether, 2,599 cases of thyroid cancer are considered from 1982 to 1995. Of them, 62 cases were among children and adolescents and 143 among the population who were children and adolescents at the time of the accident in 1986. The study is performed for both sexes. The study compares the distribution of thyroid cancer cases by age at diagnosis and age at exposure. It has been shown that since 1991 the age structure of the incidence has changed significantly with the growing proportion of cases among children and adolescents. The change in the structure occurred due to the radiation factor, specifically as a result of exposure of thyroid to incorporated 131I. A dependence of risk of cancer on age at exposure has been derived. For children of 0-4 years at exposure the risk of induction of radiogenic thyroid cancer is 6-10 times higher than in adults. On the average, the risk co-efficient in children and adolescents at the time of exposure is about 3 times higher than that in adults. The analysis of time trend in thyroid cancer incidence has shown that the incidence rate observed in the period from 1991 to 1995 in the age groups up to 25 years is expected to be maintained in the near future.
URL: http://users.physics.harvard.edu/~wilson/radiation/rr11-12/chapter1.pdf
Title: Can different thyroid tumor types be distinguished by polymerase chain reaction-based K- ras mutation detection?
Author: Apple, Sophia K. / Alzona, Maria C. / Jahromi, Soraya A. / Grody, Wayne W.
Reference: Molecular Diagnosis, 3 (3), p.143-148, Sep 1998
doi: 10.1016/S1084-8592(98)80032-5
Keywords: follicular adenoma; follicular carcinoma; papillary carcinoma; oncogenes
Abstract: Thyroid tumors have mutations of the ras oncogenes, although the prognostic and diagnostic significance of this remains unclear. Usually, thyroid follicular adenoma, follicular carcinoma, and papillary carcinoma are easy to differentiate histologically. Occasionally, follicular carcinoma may be difficult to separate from the follicular variant of papillary carcinoma, and a molecular test to help differentiate the two would be critical, as their behavior and clinical management differ. In earlier reports, K-ras mutations have been suggested as such a marker.
…normal and proliferative thyroid tissues. Am J Pathol…carcinomas arising from thyroid epithe- lial follicular cells. Gene Chromosomes Cancer 1996;16:1-14 22…benign and malignant thyroid tumors from children…to radiation after the Chernobyl nuclear accident. Oncogene…
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1084859298800325
Title: Fukushima nuclear power plant and your health ryugakusei [互換モード].
Research Institute for Radiation Biology & Medic
Author: Toshiya Inaba
Reference: [PDF-816K]Apr 2011
Keywords: Fukushima
Abstract: .. –Radiation and radioactive materials released from the nuclear power plant -Contamination of air, water, and food with radioactive materials. -Radiation and health.
Irradiation from inside) Chernobyl Groundburst Wind…citizens ~4000 thyroid cancer, mainly children…mSv Air Fallout Chernobyl Wind Why thyroid cancer ? Xenon-133…Internal exposure Chernobyl Thyroid cancer ~4000 No significant…
URL: http://www.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/upload/0/news_events/2010nendo/20110311_tohokujishin/ryugakusei.pdf
Title: Green growth and role of nuclear power: A perspective from India
Author: Grover, R.B.
Reference: Energy Strategy Reviews, In Press, Corrected Proof,Jan 2013
doi: 10.1016/j.esr.2012.12.010
Keywords: Nuclear Power; Universal access; Environment impact; Energy resources; Green growth; Public perception
Abstract: Considering growth in demand for modern energy services, renewable energy sources alone cannot meet future energy demand in India. The Government of India has, after examination of various options for green growth, reiterated the importance of accelerated development of nuclear energy along with other clean energy technologies. Several studies have indicated that nuclear technology stands out when compared to other electricity generating technologies on the basis of protection of climate and ecosystem, sustainability of fuel sources and reliability of supplies. India has set up necessary infrastructure to support growth of nuclear power and as a result of domestic research and development, and recent policy initiative, a range of reactor choices is available for deployment. India has also in place a sound domestic legal framework for governance of nuclear power and has signed various conventions including Convention on Nuclear Safety. The overall vision is to increase nuclear electricity generation to about 25% of total electricity generation by the middle of the century.
…Island in USA in 1979, Chernobyl in Ukraine in 1986 and…environmental consequences. At Chernobyl, the reactor was destroyed…About 4000 cases of thyroid cancer in children have been…cases were curable. Chernobyl case was a unique…
URL:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211467X12000545
Title: 95/00818 The Chernobyl papers. Volume 1: Doses to the Soviet population and early health effects studies
Reference: Fuel and Energy Abstracts, 36 (1), p.48, Jan 1995
doi: 10.1016/0140-6701(95)96073-2
Keywords:
Abstract: …the population after the Chernobyl accident; Biological dosimetry…syndrome in victims of the Chernobyl accident; and the Thyroid cancer in children of the Belarus Republic after the Chernobyl accident. 95/00819 Clean…
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0140670195960732
