タグ「Chernobyl accident (1986)」
Title: Genomic instability in chidren born after the Chernobyl Nuclear Accident (in vivo and in vitro studies)
Author: A. V. Aghajanyan, I. I. Suskov
Reference: Russian Journal of Genetics , June 2010, Volume 46, Issue 6, pp 740-749
DOI: 10.1134/S1022795410060153
Keywords :
Abstract: Analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes in children born after the accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in the period from 1987 to 2004 (permanent residents of territories contaminated with radionuclides, n = 92; and children of irradiated fathers-liquidators, n = 88) revealed increased levels of aberrant cells (ACs) and aberrations of the chromosomal type as compared to the control (P < 0.05). In three subgroups of children with different initial AC frequencies (children with high AC frequencies, ≥3%; children with medium AC frequencies, 2%; and children with low AC frequencies, ≤1%), the levels of aberrations of the chromosomal type are increased as compared to the control (P < 0.05). The levels of aberrant cells and chromosome aberrations (CAs) in the subgroup of children with ≥3% frequencies significantly differ from those in the subgroup of children with ≤1% AC frequencies. No dependence of the AC and CA frequencies on the year of birth after the Chernobyl accident was revealed. After fractional and single γ-irradiation (137Cs) of blood in vitro in the 10–30 cGy dose range, the average CA frequencies in the first and second mitoses increased in a similar way depending on the initial AC frequencies in the children and parents. All these results suggest an individual character of genomic instability induced by low radiation doses and its transgenerational phenomenon in the organisms of children.
ＵＲＬ：http://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S1022795410060153
Title: Comparison of radionuclide ratios in atmospheric nuclear explosions and nuclear releases from Chernobyl and Fukushima seen in gamma ray spectrometry
Author: J. I. Friese, R. F. Kephart, D. D. Lucas
Reference: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry , May 2013, Volume 296, Issue 2, pp 899-903
DOI: 10.1007/s10967-012-2213-0
Keywords : CTBT, Chernobyl, Fukushima, Radionuclide monitoring, Gamma spectroscopy
Abstract: The Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty has remote radionuclide monitoring followed by an On Site Inspection (OSI) to clarify the nature of a suspect event as part of its verification regime. An important aspect of radionuclide measurements on site is the discrimination of other potential sources of similar radionuclides such as reactor accidents or medical isotope production. The Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear reactor disasters offer two different reactor source term environmental inputs that can be compared against historical measurements of nuclear explosions. The comparison of whole-sample gamma spectrometry measurements from these three events and the analysis of similarities and differences are presented. This analysis is a step toward confirming what is needed for measurements during an OSI under the auspices of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty.
ＵＲＬ：http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10967-012-2213-0
Title: The Chernobyl Reactor: Design Features and Reasons for Accident
Author: Mikhail V. MALKO
Reference: Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, July 2002
Keywords: reasons, Chernobyl
Abstract: The report describes the main features of the Chernobyl reactor and possible reasons of the accident that happened on 26 April 1986. Analysis of scientific results established after the accident demonstrates that shortcomings in the design, and freak infringements of safety regulations for the construction as well as inadequate documentation for reactor operation were the main reason of the Chernobyl accident. Various scenarios proposed for this accident are also analyzed in the report. It is concluded that a very high probability of the nuclear explosions at the reactor of the Unit 4 of the Chernobyl accident exists. The power of it could be equivalent to 200 tons of the trinitrotoluene(TNT).
ＵＲＬ：http://www.rri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/NSRG/reports/kr79/KURRI-KR-79.htm
Title: Causes and consequences. Chernobyl documentary story “Chernobyl”
Author: Yu.Scherbak
Reference: Publisher “Soviet writer”, 1988
Keywords: Documentary story, Chernobyl
Abstract: Yu Roman Shcherbakov “Causes and Consequences” is devoted to Soviet physicians, epidemiologists who study one of the most dangerous viruses – the rabies virus.
Documentary novel “Chernobyl” – tells us about the tragedy that took place on April 26, 1986.
ＵＲＬ：http://pripyat-city.ru/books/111-prichiny-i-posledstviya-chernobyl.html
Title: Hard Duty: A Woman’s Experience at Chernobyl
Author: Natalia Manzurova and Cathie Sullivan, translators: Masanori Oba, Hisako Oba, and Kentaro Gotoh
Keywords: Experience, Chernobyl
Abstract: This is almost one year anniversary since we started gathering for anti-nukes causes last year. One of the projects that we had in our minds was to inform people about nuclear issues through translation of the works that are done from accidents prior to Fukushima. We believe that both the effort and the work of translation is a social change. Two community educators from Berkeley and NNA members, Masanori Oba, Hisako Oba, and Kentaro Gotoh translated “Hard Duty”, a record of Chernobyl cleaners after the accident by Natalia Manzurova and Cathie Sullivan into Japanese. We honor the work by two authors and the translation team, and share the link with the introduction by Masanori Oba. This work is free to distribute only with credit of the authors and the translators.
ＵＲＬ：www.zenplanning.com/nuke/HardDuty/HardDuty_JP.pdf
http://nonukesaction.wordpress.com/2012/04/23/hardduty_japanese/
Title: Medical support for Belarus after Chernobyl accident using a telemedicine system
Author: Kenichi Koike, Atsushi Komiyama, Masaomi Takizawa, Keiji Nakai, Sumio Murase, Sadako Kamiya, Minoru Kamata, Olga Vitelievna Oleinikova, Michail Bogatchenko
Reference: Japanese Journal of Medical Physics, Vol. 23 (2003) No. 1 p. 44-50
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11323/jjmp2000.23.1_44
Keywords: TV conference system, Belarus, Peripheral blood stem cell transplantation
Abstract: To achieve a close relationship among Gomel Regional Hospital (Gomel, Belarus), Belarusian Children Center of Hematology/Oncology (Minsk, Belarus) and Shinshu University Hospital, we established a telemedicine system using the Inmarsat satellite. The system consists of a TV conference system, a digital microscopic imaging system and a high definition image server/viewer network system (DICOM). The detailed case conference is possible among three areas of physicians.
ＵＲＬ：https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jjmp2000/23/1/23_44/_article/references/-char/ja/
Title: Concentration of Radioactive Cesium in Imported Foods and Contribution by Chernobyl Reactor Accident
Author: Kazuyoshi FUKUDA
Reference: RADIOISOTOPES, Vol. 49 (2000) No. 9 P 433-438
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.49.433
Keywords: radioactive cesium, potassium-40, imported food, Chernobyl reactor accident
Abstract: Radionuclides in imported foods consumed in Hokkaido were examined by germanium (Ge) gamma-ray spectrometer system.
The values of radioactive cesium (137Cs+134Cs) concentration of 480 samples collected during 1989-1999 were lower than the temporary limit (370Bq/kg) . These values of 441 samples (92%) were lower than 1 Bq/kg. The maximum values of 137Cs and 134Cs were 62.4Bq/kg, 3.8Bq/kg in black tea imported from China.
From the relation between concentration of 137Cs and cesium unit, the contribution from Chernobyl reactor accident was estimated qualitatively on 24 samples with higher values than 0.40Bq/g-K. Based on the concentration of 134Cs and 137Cs detected in 16 samples, the contribution of 137Cs from this accident were calculated.
ＵＲＬ：https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/radioisotopes1952/49/9/49_9_433/_article
Title: Investigation on the Causes and Consequences of the Chernobyl Accident
Author: Susumu SUGURI
Reference: Journal of the Atomic Energy Society of Japan / Atomic Energy Society of Japan, Vol. 38 (1996) No. 4 P 279-286
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3327/jaesj.38.279
Keywords: safety, Chernobyl accident (1986)
Abstract: Investigation on the causes and consequences of the Chernobyl accident, potential danger of future disasters and safety measures. Chernobyl accident in comparison to other accidents.
ＵＲＬ：https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jaesj1959/38/4/38_4_279/_article
Title: Population patterns of oncopathology in the population living in contaminated areas after the Chernobyl accident
Author: Parshkov E.M., Sokolov V.A., Golivets T.P., Kovalenko B.S., Artamonova YU.Z.
Reference: Radiation and Lisk 2009 vol.18 No.3
Keywords: Chernobyl accident, oncology, Population Incidence, descriptive epidemiological analysis, Mechanisms of carcinogenesis, Belgorod and Bryansk Regions
Abstract: Descriptive epidemiological analysis of more than 200 thousands of new cancer cases over 25-year period (1981-2005) among population of the Belgorod and Bryansk Regions affected as a result of the Chernobyl accident was carried out. Age-gender dependencies of population oncopathology development during this period as well as the dynamics the incidence changes in separate nosological units were determined. It was shown that exposure in low dose after the Chernobyl accident led to wavy change of the incidence with the period 5-7 years and that radiation-induced incidence developed in the format of spontaneous one. The role of physiological factors of organism and processes of cell proliferation and differentiation in cancer development are discussed.
URL: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/polovozrastnye-zakonomernosti-razvitiya-onkopatologii-u-naseleniya-prozhivayuschego-na-zagryaznennyh-territoriyah-posle
Title: Value and structure of radiation dose for emergency workers as a function of the radiation emergency mitigation phase and activity
Author: Meshkov N.A.
Reference: Journal: Radiation and Risk (Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry), Year: 2009 Volume: 18 Issue: 1
Keywords: Chernobyl disaster, radionuclides, volumetric activity, entering organism, liquidators, the nature of work being performed, 137Cs content in organism, Radiation doses, radiation dose structure
Abstract: There was performed a research of the radiation dose size and radiation dose structure of those who participated in the elimination of the Chernobyl disaster consequences. It was established that the levels of 90Sr, 137Cs and 239Pu received by means of inhaling by the «liquidators» worked at the Chernobyl atomic power station site in June and July of 1986 did not exceed the limits set by radiation standards-76/87 of that time. The average radiation doses of the «liquidators» in 1986, 1987 and 1988 were 186, 98 and 47 mGy, respectively. The most dangerous exposure to radiation was received by those who participated in the decontamination of the third power generating unit of the Chernobyl atomic power station in June and July of 1986, their radiation doses being from 205,0±10,0 to 242,0±5,6 mGy. The body burden structure of the «liquidators» participated in the elimination in 1986 consisted of exposure radiation dose of external gamma irradiation (86 %), external beta irradiation (10 %) and internal irradiation caused by inhaling radionuclides (4 %). It was established that body burden was influenced by the following factors: the level of air and area radioactive contamination, duration of work in the contaminated areas, the nature of work being performed and personal protective equipment efficacy.
URL:http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/velichina-i-struktura-doz-oblucheniya-likvidatorov-v-zavisimosti-ot-etapa-likvidatsii-posledstviy-radiatsionnoy-avarii-i-vida-rabot
